Suan San口袋公园丨泰国曼谷丨Shma Company Limited

曼谷在为其居民提供足够绿地空间方面面临着重大挑战。每人仅有7.49平方米的绿地，远低于世界卫生组织推荐的9平方米标准。鉴于这一紧迫需求，曼谷市政府设定了一个雄心勃勃的目标：到2030年将人均绿地面积提高到10平方米。

Bangkok faces a significant challenge in providing adequate green space for its residents. With a mere 7.49 square meters of green space per person, the city falls well below the World Health Organization’s recommended standard of 9 square meters. Recognizing this urgent need, the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) has set an ambitious goal: to increase the per capita green space to 10 square meters by 2030.

▼项目鸟瞰，aerial view of the project©Nawin Deangnul

这一愿景的基石是“15分钟公园”计划——一个小型公共空间的战略网络，旨在每个人步行15分钟或800米以内即可到达。这一计划直接应对了当前曼谷市民往往需要45分钟到1小时才能到达公园的现实。我们扩展绿地空间的方法与提升可达性、促进社区归属感并确保这些地方公园成为充满活力和可持续的中心紧密相连，而不是城市规划遗留的被遗忘的废墟。

A cornerstone of this vision is the “15-Minute Park” initiative – a strategic network of small public spaces designed to be accessible within a 15-minute walk or 800 meters. This initiative directly addresses the current reality where Bangkokians often spend 45 minutes to an hour commuting to a park. Our approach to expanding green spaces is intrinsically linked with enhancing accessibility, fostering community ownership, and ensuring these local parks become vibrant, sustainable hubs, rather than neglected relics of urban planning.

▼充满活力和可持续的中心，ensuring these local parks become vibrant, sustainable hubs© Nawin Deangnul

从荒地到机遇的协作转变

A Collaborative Transformation from Wasteland to Opportunity

“Suan San”是一座位于历史悠久的、文化多元的Klong San-Tha Din Daeng社区中的口袋公园，占地3,894平方米，见证了这一变革性的愿景。这个区域沿着湄南河，具有200年的历史，人口稠密，亟需进行城市更新。Suan San是多方合作的典范，由一家私营企业慷慨捐赠土地，供公共使用，并由曼谷市政府主导其开发。通过与当地社区的深度参与式设计，这片曾经荒废的空间被重新构想为一个真正服务于用户的公共公园，并避免了成为过去被遗弃场地的命运。

“Suan San,” a 3,894-square-meter pocket park nestled in the historic, multicultural Klong San-Tha Din Daeng community, stands as a testament to this transformative vision. This area, with its rich 200-year history along the Chao Phraya River, is densely populated and ripe for renewal. Suan San is a shining example of multi-sector collaboration, initiated by a private entity’s generous 10-year land donation for public use, with the BMA leading its development. Through a deep commitment to participatory design with the local community, this formerly derelict space has been reimagined as a public park that genuinely serves its users and is safeguarded against the fate of past abandoned sites.

▼真正服务于用户的公共公园，a public park that genuinely serves its users© Nawin Deangnul

▼可持续的公共空间，a sustainable public space© Nawin Deangnul

Suan San的原址曾是一个废弃的仓库，曾用于存储米和玉米，位于Soi Somdet Chao Phraya 3，靠近Laem Thong盐厂。关闭后，它沦为一个不堪入目的垃圾堆放场，充满异味，并且由于紧急车辆难以进入，存在严重的火灾风险。然而，在这一衰败的环境中，隐藏着一颗宝石：一个广阔的空地，被成树环绕，背后是宁静的湄南河。正是这一内在的潜力，催生了“Suan San”。

▼设计策略，design strategy©Shma Company Limited

Historically, the site of Suan San was a disused warehouse, once a storage facility for rice and corn on Soi Somdet Chao Phraya 3, near the Laem Thong Salt Factory. Post-closure, it devolved into an unsightly and hazardous garbage dump, plagued by foul odors and posing a severe fire risk due to its constricted access for emergency vehicles. Yet, amidst this decay, lay a hidden gem: a sprawling open area embraced by mature trees, all against the serene backdrop of the Chao Phraya River. This inherent potential was the catalyst for “Suan San.”

▼改造前场地，site before renovation©Shma Company Limited

“Suan San”的创立始于一个明确的目标：开发一个可持续的公共空间。我们的过程远远超出了传统的场地分析与设计。我们组织了一次包容性的参与过程，吸引了当地社区、政府机构、私营部门、学术机构、专业组织和公民社会团体的参与。这一合作促进了各类活动，让居民体验这个空间，提供了宝贵的反馈，并收集了关于社区使用的数据。这样的反复推进确保了公园真正符合社区的需求，成为每个人都能共享的公共空间。设计的重中之重是安全性的提升，包括完善的照明系统和开放无障碍的景观，以阻止非法活动。设计中特别强调了适应性管理策略，确保公园的长期可行性并防止其恶化。▼解决方案，concept solution value©Shma Company Limited

The inception of “Suan San” was driven by a clear objective: to develop a sustainable public space. Our process extended far beyond conventional site analysis and design. We orchestrated an inclusive participatory process, engaging the local community, government agencies, private sector, academic institutions, professional organizations, and civil society groups. This collaboration facilitated stimulating activities, allowing residents to experience the space, providing invaluable feedback, and yielding data on community usage. This iterative approach ensured the park truly resonates with the neighborhood’s needs and stands as a public space for everyone. Paramount to our design were safety enhancements, including comprehensive lighting and an open, uncluttered landscape to deter illicit activities. Emphasis was placed on adaptive management strategies to guarantee the park’s long - term viability and prevent deterioration.

▼可持续的公共空间，a sustainable public space© Nawin Deangnul

设计策略：Suan San的三个连接器

Design Strategies: The Three Connectors of Suan San

“Suan San”设计的核心理念是“San”（สาน），这是一个泰语单词，意为“编织”或“连接”。这一原则指导我们通过各种需求导向的活动，在空间内将社区成员联系在一起，确立了这个公园作为一个重要的社区学习中心，架起了历史与现代之间的桥梁。公园体现了“三个连接器”（Sam San）的概念，分别是：

At the heart of “Suan San’s” design is the concept of “San” (สาน), a Thai word meaning “to weave” or “to connect.” This principle guided our efforts to knit the community together within the space through diverse, need-based activities, establishing the park as a vital neighborhood learning center that bridges its rich past with the present. The park embodies “three connectors” or “Sam San” as following:

▼空间与周围环境自然融合，the space to blend effortlessly with its context© Nawin Deangnul

编织关系

Weaving Relationships

我们的目标是通过创造一个多通道的空间，促进社区成员之间的联系，团结所有人。原址荒废的性质、有限的出入口以及与周围环境的缺乏融合构成了重大挑战。我们的设计精心考虑了可达性，战略性地定义了出入口，与周围的住宅区无缝连接，从而促进互动。Suan San的设计设有多个入口，使空间与周围环境自然融合，减少视觉障碍。墙体被创新性地设计成座位，同时又巧妙地界定了边界，其邀请性的美学鼓励互动，为所有人营造了一个友好的氛围。

Our goal was to cultivate connections among community members by creating a multi-access space that unites all. The original site’s desolate nature, limited access points, and lack of integration with its surroundings posed a significant challenge. Our design meticulously considered accessibility, strategically defining entry and exit points that seamlessly link with surrounding residences, thereby fostering interaction. Suan San was conceived with multiple entryways, allowing the space to blend effortlessly with its context and reducing visual barriers. Walls were innovatively designed to double as seating, subtly delineating boundaries while their inviting aesthetic encourages engagement and fosters a welcoming atmosphere for all.

▼营造友好的氛围，fosters a welcoming atmosphere© Nawin Deangnul

编织过去与现在

Weaving Past and Present

我们致力于在保留原始区域历史完整性的同时，通过设计延续其意义，使其过去的历史为当代人所理解。Suan San不仅作为一个公共公园，还作为Klong San社区丰富历史的宝贵学习中心。

• 保留现有树木

• 维护历史建筑

• 保持独特的特征

We were committed to preserving the historical integrity of the original area while extending its significance through a design that narrates its past for contemporary understanding. Beyond its function as a public park, it serves as an invaluable learning center for the Klong San community’s rich history.

• Preserving Existing Trees

• Maintaining the Heritage Building

• Upholding Unique Characteristics

▼保留现有树木，preserve the existing trees© Nawin Deangnul

▼多样的活动和灵活的空间，diverse activities and flexible spaces© Nawin Deangnul

编织生活

Weaving Lives

Suan San的设计通过多样的活动和灵活的空间，丰富了社区的生活方式，促进了真正的互动，并成为一个人人都能轻松接触的核心。我们的参与式过程和全面的反馈收集直接影响了公园的活动安排，这些活动被分为三个关键区域：

• 体育活动空间

• 心理健康与生态学习空间

• 社区共创空间

Suan San is designed to enrich the community’s lifestyle through diverse activities and flexible spaces, fostering genuine interaction and serving as a universally accessible hub. Our participatory processes and comprehensive feedback collection directly informed the park’s programming, categorized into three key areas:

• Physical Activity Space

• Mental Well-being and Eco-learning Space

• Community Co-creation Space

▼促进人与环境的真正互动，fostering genuine interaction between human and space© Nawin Deangnul

城市绿地网络与社区活力的催化剂

A Catalyst for Urban Green Networks and Community Vitality

从一个废弃的垃圾堆场起步，Suan San已经成功转型为一个充满活力的绿色公共空间。它积极促进社会互动，成为一个动态的活动中心，增强了邻里之间及周围地区的联系。所有这一切都发生在一个宁静的河畔环境中，成熟树木的庇护下。Suan San是15分钟公园计划的先锋试点项目，为发展方法、设计目标和可持续维护实践设立了标杆。它为未来泰国的社区公园提供了强有力的原型。

From its origins as a derelict garbage dump, Suan San has been remarkably transformed into a vibrant green public space. It actively fosters social interaction and serves as a dynamic activity hub, strengthening bonds within the neighborhood and its surrounding areas. This is all achieved within a tranquil riverside setting, under the cooling embrace of mature trees. Suan San stands as a pioneering pilot project for the 15-Minute Park initiative, setting a benchmark for development methodologies, design objectives, and sustainable maintenance practices. It serves as a powerful prototype for future community parks across Thailand.

▼夜晚活动，activities at night© Nawin Deangnul

Suan San具有成为公园连接器的潜力，它与周围的更大绿色基础设施无缝连接，如湄南河天际公园、皇太母纪念公园和关帝庙的绿色空间。其网络进一步延伸，连接到包括政府建筑、私人社区区域、学校和寺庙院落以及林荫街道在内的较小绿色节点。尽管作为社区公园的规模较小，Suan San已经成为曼谷城市绿地网络的重要组成部分，连接了多个社区，并对这座城市朝着成为真正的绿色大都市的目标做出了重大贡献。

Crucially, Suan San possesses the inherent potential to function as a Park Connector, seamlessly integrating with larger green infrastructure in the vicinity, such as the Chao Phraya Sky Park, the Princess Mother Memorial Park, and the green spaces within Kuan Yim Shrine. Its network extends further, linking to smaller green nodes including government buildings, private communal areas, school and temple grounds, and tree-lined streets. Despite its modest size as a community park, Suan San has become a vital component of Bangkok’s urban green space network, connecting neighborhoods and significantly contributing to the city’s journey towards becoming a truly green metropolis.

▼设计过程，design strategy progress©Shma Company Limited

▼改造前平面，plan before renovation©Shma Company Limited

▼改造后平面，plan after renovation©Shma Company Limited

Project Name: Suan San Pocket Park

Office Name: Shma Company Limited

Firm Location: Shma Company Limited 93/2, Ekkamai Soi 3, Sukhumvit 63, Klongton Nuer, Vadhana, Bangkok 10110 Thailand

Completion Year: 2025

Landscape Area: 3,894 sq.m.

Project Location: 255 Somdet Chao Phraya Rd, Somdet Chao Phraya, Khlong San, Bangkok 10600

Program / Use / Building Function:Park & Public Space

Design Director: Yossapon Boonsom

Landscape Architect: Tarntip Tantprasert, Pluek Jongphichavorakul, Natasha Bell Garsia, Poohlawat Sangduean

Construction Manager: Anongnard Jungmongkolsawat

Horticulturist: Supaluk Paorik, Pornpun Chairat, Sirinthon Sumangsa

Graphic Designer: Vipulapas Puapolthep

Photographer Photo Credits: Nawin Deangnul