杭州大运河门户桥丨中国杭州丨扎哈·哈迪德建筑事务所（ZHA）

杭州大运河门户桥已完成建设，预计将在今年晚些时候向公众开放。届时，这座步行桥将把位于大运河两岸、占地80万平方米、正在建设中的“无缝城市”总体规划区连接起来。作为这座城市全新14.7公顷河中公园及滨河步道的核心，桥梁及其周边总体规划由扎哈·哈迪德建筑事务所（ZHA）设计，通过将居住、办公和配套设施与面向公众的休闲、文化与旅游空间有机结合，把杭州重新与其历史性的大运河及钱塘江联系在一起。

Construction of the Grand Canal Gateway Bridge in Hangzhou is now complete. When opened for public use later this year, the footbridge will unite the 800,000 square metre Seamless City masterplan under construction on the east and west banks of the Grand Canal. The centrepiece of the city’s new 14.7-hectare River Middle public park and river promenade, the bridge and surrounding masterplan by Zaha Hadid Architects (ZHA) reconnects the city with its historic Grand Canal and Qiantang River by integrating homes, workplaces and amenities for its community with vital civic spaces for recreation, leisure and tourism.

▼大运河步行桥鸟瞰，aerial view of the Grand Canal Gateway Bridge © Xue Liang

大运河是联合国教科文组织认定的世界文化遗产，是中国最古老、最长的人造水道——这项可追溯至公元前5世纪的宏伟工程自北京一路向南，连接黄河与长江，最终在杭州南端的入海口与钱塘江汇合。

A UNESCO World Heritage site, the Grand Canal is China’s most ancient and longest man-made waterway—an extraordinary feat of engineering dating from the 5th century BC—flowing south from Beijing to connect with China’s Yellow and Yangtze Rivers before joining the Qiantang River at its southern gateway in Hangzhou.

▼大运河鸟瞰，aerial view of the Grand Canal © Xue Liang

杭州的钱塘江以“银龙”闻名于世——这是全球规模最大的涌潮，由杭州湾涌入的潮水逆流而上形成，浪高可达9米，行进速度可达每小时40公里。在生态敏感性与城市公共性之间取得平衡的前提下，桥梁的步道与广场提供了多个观景点，使市民与游客能够在安全的前提下近距离欣赏这股自然之力所呈现的壮观潮涌。

The Qiantang River in Hangzhou is renowned for its Silver Dragon, the world’s largest tidal bore, generated by incoming tides from Hangzhou Bay surging upstream, creating waves up to 9 metres high and travelling at 40 km/h. Balancing ecological sensitivity with civic ambition, the bridge’s walkways and plaza provide multiple vantage points, allowing visitors to safely experience the raw power and spectacle of the Silver Dragon’s force of nature.

▼大运河杭州湾鸟瞰，aerial view of the Grand Canal Hangzhou Bay © Xue Liang

▼桥梁的步道与广场提供了多个观景点，the bridge’s walkways and plaza provide multiple vantage points © Xue Liang

桥梁设计灵感源自杭州作为中国传统丝绣重镇的历史文脉，将传统刺绣的穿引与缠绕手法加以当代化的建筑诠释。其蜿蜒起伏的结构体系彼此编织、交叠、缚合，形成一条供行人与骑行者使用的桥梁，连接起大运河两岸“无缝城市”总体规划中新建的住宅、公共与商业片区。

Drawing on the city of Hangzhou’s long-established heritage as a centre of excellence for China’s renowned silk embroidery, the bridge’s design reinterprets traditional stitching techniques. Its sinuous structural system weaves, overlaps and binds to support a bridge for pedestrians and cyclists that connects the new residential, civic and commercial districts of Hangzhou’s Seamless City masterplan on the east and west banks of the Grand Canal.

▼将传统刺绣的穿引与缠绕手法加以当代化诠释，the bridge’s design reinterprets traditional stitching techniques © Xue Liang

通过先进的三维数字建模进行优化以最大限度减少材料用量，大运河门户桥采用了预制模块化的建造方式，并在现场进行高效拼装，从而避免了施工浪费。其施工策略被专门设计为缩短建造周期，并将对大运河航运的干扰降至最低——目前每年约有10万艘驳船在此通行，以可持续的方式在中国境内运输2.6亿吨货物。

Optimised through advanced digital 3D modelling to minimise material usage, the Grand Canal Gateway Bridge employed prefabricated modular construction with efficient on-site assembly to eliminate waste. The bridge’s construction strategy was specifically designed to shorten build time and minimise disruption to river traffic on the Grand Canal, currently used by 100,000 barges each year to transport 260 million tons of cargo sustainably within China.

▼大运河门户桥鸟瞰，aerial view of the Grand Canal Gateway Bridge © Xue Liang

▼轻盈结构，light-weighted structure © Xue Liang

项目采用本地采购的材料及低影响表面处理，既支持了区域制造业，也通过协同技术推动了可持续建造。桥梁夜间的照明由一组电池组供能，这些电池在白天利用可再生能源充电，为桥体内置的LED灯带供电。这座长390米的桥梁采用钢结构的系杆三拱体系，其几何形态经过精确计算，以应对大运河与钱塘江交汇处较为薄弱的地基条件。为了防止从江面向内陆吹来的强风将作用力传导至敏感的历史遗址，设计对次生弯曲效应进行了削减，从而确保结构稳定性并最大限度减小传递至基础的侧向力。借助钢材高强度—重量比的优势，桥梁比同类混凝土结构显著轻盈，使制造与吊装的效率得以提升。

Using locally sourced materials and low-impact finishes, the project supported regional manufacturing and fostered sustainable construction through collective expertise. Powered by banks of batteries charged throughout the day by renewable energy, integrated LED lighting illuminates the bridge at night. The 390-metre-long bridge is a steel, tied three-arch system, its geometry is precisely engineered to address the weak ground conditions at the confluence of the Grand Canal and Qiantang River. Preventing the powerful wind forces that blow inland from the river transferring to the sensitive historic site, the design reduces secondary bending, ensuring stability and minimising lateral forces within the foundations. By harnessing steel’s high strength-to-weight ratio, the bridge is significantly lighter than concrete alternatives, enabling the most efficient fabrication and installation processes.

▼采用钢结构体系，using steel structure system © Xue Liang

桥梁的结构被设计为将所有荷载——包括桥面产生的扭矩——统合并平衡地传递至支座。桥体最终落位在分隔大运河南、北两条水道的岛屿上，一座雕塑般的混凝土桥墩之上，由此将跨越大运河所需的跨度减半，同时获得结构上的平衡与视觉上的统一。

Designed to consolidate all forces—including torsion from the deck—and deliver them in balance to its bearings, the bridge lands on a sculpted concrete pier within the island separating the canal’s north and south waterways, halving the required spans to cross the canal while providing structural equilibrium and visual coherence.

▼结构上的平衡与视觉上的统一，providing structural equilibrium and visual coherence © Xue Liang

将文化遗产与21世纪的工程技术及可循环材料相结合，大运河门户桥既具雕塑性又具可持续性，在尽量降低环境影响的前提下，为长期使用而建。

Uniting cultural heritage with 21st century engineering and recyclable materials, the Grand Canal Gateway Bridge is both sculptural and sustainable, designed for longevity with minimal environmental impact.

▼夕阳下的门户桥，the Grand Canal Gateway Bridge under sunset © Xue Liang

▼门户桥夜景，the Grand Canal Gateway Bridge at night © Xue Liang

▼门户桥夜景鸟瞰，aerial view of the Grand Canal Gateway Bridge at night © Xue Liang

Client: Hangzhou CBD Development Group, ltd.

Architect: Zaha Hadid Architects (ZHA)

ZHA Principal: Patrik Schumacher

ZHA Project Directors: Paola Cattarin, Paolo Matteuzzi

ZHA Project Architect:Maria Loreto Flores

ZHA Concept Project Architect: Saman Dangostar

ZHA Concept Design Team: Berkin Islam, Christy Yin, Delfina Bocca, Enoch Kolo, Federico Borello, Hunter Paine, Irena Predalic, Kalliopi Mouzaki, Lorena Espaillat Bencosme, Luciano Letteriello, Marcella Fedele, Maria Tsironi, Mariagrazia Lanza, Mariana Custodio Dos Santos, Marie-Perrine Placais, Mattia Santi, Michael On, Milind Khade, Miron Mutyaba, Mohamed Al-Jubori, Nastasja Mitrovic, Natasha Marks, Philipp Siedler, Pierandrea Angius, Qiuru Pu, Raquel Arauco Ordas, Saman Dadgostar, Satoshi Ohashi, Shahd Abdelmoneim, Shajay Bhooshan, Sven Torres, Thomas Bagnoli, Tommaso Casucci, Vincent Konate, Vincenzo Barilari, Vishu Bhooshan, Xiaoyu Zhang, Yuan Zhai, Yuzhi Xu

ZHA Design Team: Andy Lin, Damir Alispahic, Effie Nakajima, Gaganjit Singh, Gigi Ho, Hangyul Jeong, Iris Chen, Joanna Saade, Jose Castaneda, Kalliopi Mouzaki, Ke Yang, Maria Echeverri, Milica Pihler-Mirjanic, Millie Anderson, Miron Mutyaba, Natasha Tariq, Qiuru Pu, Stefano Iacopini, Xuan Zhao, Yuan Zhai

Grasshopper definition: Gaganjit Singh, Miron Mutyaba, Qiuru Pu

Artistic Supervision: Qiuru Pu, Gaganjit Singh, Miron Mutyaba, Xuan Zhao

Consultants

LDI: Tongji University Architectural Design Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd

Structural Engineering: Schematic Design: Arup. Preliminary Design – Construction Documentation: Tongji University Architectural Design Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd

Landscaping & Lighting: Tongji University Architectural Design Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd

General contractor: Hangzhou Xiaohong Construction Environment Group Co., Ltd.;

Third-party monitoring unit: Zhejiang University. 总承包商 杭州萧宏建设环境集团有限公司; 第三方监控单位 浙江大学

Steel Fabricator: Hunan Valin Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. 湖南华菱钢铁股份有限公司