【建筑设计】德国Krombacher啤酒厂：“绿色波浪”创新生态隔音墙

克罗姆巴赫啤酒厂的“绿色波浪”项目，彻底颠覆了人们对隔音墙的想象。通过混凝土造型模板技术，隔音墙被景观设计师塑造成蕴含法国阿尔卑斯山岩纹理的波浪形态。但它的创新远不止于外观，这面墙不仅用苔藓和植物过滤废气，更以变幻的四季景致疗愈社区。它充分地证明：在可持续理念的驱动下，工业设施无需隐藏，完全可以成为连接社区、自然与艺术的卓越地标，重新定义了我们与工业环境的共生。

科隆巴赫啤酒厂物流区沿线的隔音墙采用了一种全新的噪音防护理念：它将明确的实用功能与设计美学及额外的生态价值融为一体。

The sound insulation wall along the logistics area of the Krombacher brewery embodies a new approach to noise protection: it combines an obvious purpose with design and added ecological value.

《噪音防护法》—— 一个典型的枯燥官方术语，它扼杀了创造力 —— 德国高速公路旁无数灰色混凝土墙便是最好的证明。

The Noise Protection Act: a typically dry governmental phrase that suffocates creativity - countless gray concrete walls along German highways are the best evidence for this.

位于北莱茵-威斯特法伦州克罗姆巴赫的克罗姆巴赫啤酒厂则是个例外。为保护附近居民免受繁忙物流活动产生的噪音影响（周日至周五期间，这里常有不间断的货物运输、装卸作业），啤酒厂在物流区沿线修建了一道隔音墙。但啤酒厂与建筑师并未让居民面对一面单调的灰色隔音屏障，而是提出了打造一道波浪形、具有表面纹理并附加绿化的墙体的构想。这道借助混凝土造型模板技术打造的隔音墙被命名为“绿色波浪”。克罗姆巴赫啤酒厂为此墙投资 150万欧元，整个项目总成本达270万欧元。

The Krombacher brewery in North Rhine-Westphalian Krombach is the exception that proves the rule. A sound insulation wall has been erected along the logistics area of this brewery to protect nearby residents from the sounds of brisk logistics: from Sunday to Friday, there are often constant deliveries, loading and pick-ups. But instead of making residents stare at a gray sound barrier, the clients and the architect developed the idea for a wave-shaped wall with surface texture and additional greenery. It was dubbed the “Green Wave”. Krombacher invested 1.5 million euros in the wall, with the whole project costing 2.7 million euros.

该项目由景观建筑师安德烈亚斯・基帕（Andreas Kipar）设计。他的任务是将周围山峦起伏的绿色景观、附近的流水与这道10至12米高的墙体及后方的大型工厂和谐地融为一体。在打造这道独特墙体时，混凝土造型模板发挥了关键作用。为减轻建筑的厚重感，墙体被设计成波浪形，并采用了表面纹理处理，最终通过赉立（RECKLI）公司的混凝土弹性衬模技术来实现。借助赉立（RECKLI）公司的 Cheyenne混凝土弹性衬模，将法国阿尔卑斯山的岩石结构浇筑到混凝土中，形成了独特的装饰混凝土表面。这种装饰混凝土不仅在视觉上更具吸引力，还为整体设计增添了自然质感。绿化的加入也进一步弱化了墙体的厚重感。Cheyenne纹理有五种不同的设计样式，基帕在RECKLI工厂亲自挑选了用于墙体的纹理板块。为了避免使用隔热层，并确保波浪造型轻盈，赉立（RECKLI）公司将模板衬里制作得比常规厚度厚得多。

The project was designed by landscape architect Andreas Kipar. His job was to bring the surrounding green landscape with its hills and nearby flowing river into harmony with a ten to twelve meter high wall and the large factory behind it. To make the construction less heavy, the wall was designed with a waved shape and features a texture on the surface: using the “Cheyenne” concrete texture by RECKLI, a rock structure from the French Alps was cast into the concrete. The addition of greenery also lightens the structure. “Cheyenne” comes in five different designs; Kipar personally chose the sections for the wall at the RECKLI factory. To avoid the need for an insulation layer and to ensure that the waves were light, RECKLI made the formliners considerably thicker than usual.

但建筑师基帕并不满足于只有波浪造型。他还在墙面上装饰了绿化，以凸显周围自然环境与啤酒厂之间的联系：涂抹在装饰混凝土上的苔藓象征着克罗姆巴赫岛，许多啤酒爱好者会从该啤酒厂的电视广告中认出这个概念。一套专门建造的喷淋系统会产生雾气，保持苔藓湿润并维持其生命力。墙前种植了一片啤酒花林，另一处则栽种了常春藤，它会顺着墙壁向上攀爬。克罗姆巴赫河就在离墙不远的地方流淌。这道隔音墙是有生命的：它的外观会随季节变化，为居民呈现不断更迭的景致。与此同时，雾气营造出一种令人愉悦的神秘氛围。克罗姆巴赫啤酒厂股东佩特拉・沙德贝格・赫尔曼（Petra Schadeberg Hermann）将 “绿色波浪” 称为 “垂直景观”，认为它 “是对绿色生活方式的贡献，也是一处艺术性的自然景观亮点”。墙体背面采用了工业设计师弗里德里希・恩斯特・冯・加尼尔（Friedrich Ernst von Garnier）构思的色彩方案，因此，从啤酒厂一侧望去，这道建筑也能与周边环境和谐相融。

But architect Kipar wasn’t satisfied with just the wave. The wave was also adorned with greenery to highlight the relationship between the surrounding nature and the client: moss applied to the concrete symbolizes the Krombacher island, a term which many beer lovers will recognize from their TV ads. An especially constructed watering system creates a mist that keeps the moss moist and alive. A forest of hops grows in front of the wall. Ivy has been planted at another spot and will climb up the wall. The Krombach flows not far from the wall. The sound insulation wall is alive: its image will change with the seasons, offering residents an ever-changing view. All the while, the mist creates a delightfully mysterious ambiance. Krombacher shareholder Petra Schadeberg Hermann calls the Green Wave a vertical landscape: “a contribution to the green lifestyle and an artistic natural highlight.” On the back, the wall has been designed in the color concept conceptualized by Industrial Designer Friedrich Ernst von Garnier. So, this construction sits harmoniously in its environment even from the brewery side.

得益于绿植的加入，这道隔音墙还具备了生态功能：苔藓是以纤维素、天然粘合剂、土壤和植物碎屑的混合物形式喷洒在垫层上的。苔藓扎根后，将成为啤酒厂空瓶仓库不可避免产生的废气的精细过滤器。据基帕称，一平方米的苔藓过滤效果相当于17棵成年树木。墙上有270平方米的苔藓，因此其过滤效果相当于4000多棵树。凭借这一额外的生态价值，这道墙无愧于啤酒厂对可持续性和生态友好性的承诺。

Thanks to its greenery, the construction is also ecologically useful: the moss was sprayed onto the mats as a mixture of cellulose, natural adhesive, earth and small pieces of plants. After it has established, it will function as a fine filter for the unavoidable exhaust fumes produced at the empties warehouse: according to Kipar, one square meter of moss filters as much as 17 fully-grown trees. The 270 square meters of moss on the wall can therefore filter as effectively as over 4,000 trees. With this added ecological value, the wall does justice to the brewery’s dedication to sustainability and eco-friendliness.

项目信息

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项目名称

克罗姆巴赫啤酒厂隔音墙

Krombacher Brewery

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项目位置

德国克罗姆巴赫市

Krombach, German

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建筑设计

安德烈亚斯・基帕

Andreas Kipar

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混凝土赋美产品

赉立标准造型模板仿石及仿砖系列：2/121Cheyenne 1-7

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结构混凝土#  

#装饰缓凝剂

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#混凝土饰面

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#建筑设计

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#露骨料

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#结构装饰一体化混凝土

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#混凝土赋美

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#赉立

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#德国赉立

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#上海鼎中新材料有限公司

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