Snøhetta作品｜马来西亚杰塞尔顿码头总体规划

马来西亚沙巴州首府哥打基纳巴卢（Kota Kinabalu），坐落于世界第三大岛——加里曼丹岛（旧称”婆罗洲”）。Snøhetta为该市带来的总体规划方案，以杰塞尔顿码头新区（Jesselton Docklands）为核心，旨在重塑港口区域的城市肌理，并通过设立公共渡轮与邮轮码头，强化与哥打基纳巴卢国际机场之间的交通联结，构建区域级的交通枢纽。Snøhetta的总体规划不仅回应了热带地貌与滨海生态的独特性，更以“可持续性城市生活”为设计主轴，融合在地文化脉络与经济动能，打造一个兼具开放性与韧性的城市界面。该设计通过空间编织与功能整合，赋予城市新的公共性与归属感，使杰塞尔顿码头成为沙巴（Sabah）通往世界的门户，也成为旅人探索婆罗洲的起点。这一规划不仅是对城市未来的构想，更是一种建筑语言上的叙述——在热带阳光与海风之间，描绘出一个充满活力、文化多元且生态友好的城市愿景。

Jesselton Docklands is a tropical master plan designed to revitalize the port area of Kota Kinabalu, Borneo – the world’s third largest island. The site will feature a communal ferry and cruise terminal located near Kota Kinabalu International Airport. As a pivotal transportation hub with excellent connectivity options and rich tropicality, it is set to become a destination and gateway to the rest of Sabah. Snøhetta's design for Jesselton Docklands will usher the city into a vibrant and dynamic future - one defined by sustainable urban living, cultural richness, and economic vitality.

这一总体规划重新定义了哥打基纳巴卢与滨水区域之间的空间关系，将原有的港口功能转化为城市的公共与文化核心。通过将韧性基础设施与岛屿独特的生态系统及文化身份深度融合，杰塞尔顿码头不仅重塑了城市的海岸界面，也将哥打基纳巴卢定位为东南亚群岛中的战略枢纽。在这里，地方文化遗产与全球联通性交织共生，使港口不再只是物流节点，而成为市民集聚、文化交流与城市认同的场所。这一设计不仅回应了地理与历史的语境，更以建筑语言描绘出一个面向未来的城市愿景——既根植本土，又开放世界。Snøhetta董事总经理（亚洲）Richard Wood表示：“哥打基纳巴卢有一种特殊的魔力。这个城市是个舞台，也是通往婆罗洲的壮丽自然奇观的门户。从奇妙的海洋生物、茂密的丛林、热带渔业文化、本地手工艺到雄伟的基纳巴卢山，我们希望通过全新的杰塞尔顿码头新区，把这片前工业区与土地、人民和文化遗产重新连接起来，致力于将哥打基纳巴卢的丰富历史和未来的新愿景细腻融合，打造出通往沙巴和婆罗洲的新门户。”

This master plan redefines Kota Kinabalu's interface with its waterfront, transforming the former port into a civic and cultural anchor for the city. By integrating resilient infrastructure with the island's ecological and cultural identity, Jesselton Docklands positions the city as a strategic nexus within the Southeast Asian archipelago, bridging local heritage with global connectivity. “Kota Kinabalu has a certain magic about it. The city is a staging ground, a gateway to the breathtaking natural wonders that Borneo has to offer. From the stunning marine life, lush jungles, tropical fishing cultures, local crafts and the majestic Mount Kinabalu. Our vision for the new Jesselton Docklands reconnects this once industrial part of the city back to its locality, its people and its heritage. Paying close attention to tie its storied past into a new vison for the future – a gateway to Sabah and to Borneo,” says Richard Wood, Managing Director Asia of Snøhetta.

项目旨在成为区域热带建筑发展的未来标杆，期望其影响力能够辐射至哥打基纳巴卢市、沙巴州，乃至整个马来西亚的城市发展格局。总体规划层层嵌入多元环境策略，通过跨领域的协作与持续的设计对话得以实现，体现出对生态、文化与技术的综合回应。基地临海，面向台风频发的自然环境，设计团队在规划初期即慎重考量风与水的动态作用，确保新发展区具备应对极端气候的韧性与持久性。总体规划采用有机布局策略，在保持一定系统性的同时，借鉴本地渔村的非规则空间肌理，使新城区在形式上既具地方性，又能有效应对高温与强风。建筑设计方面，采用深进深的幕墙系统，并优先选用本地材料，以提升遮阳性能与通风效率，同时强化整体建筑语言的一致性。

The project aspires to become a benchmark for the future of tropical architecture in the region, with the potential to influence future development across the city, Sabah, and Malaysia as a whole. It is layered with diverse environmental strategies, engineered through collaborative discourse. Located in an area prone to typhoons, the project is designed with careful consideration of wind and water to ensure it can withstand the harsh weather conditions and stand the tides of time.

设计呼应基纳巴卢山的花岗岩地质所展现的韧性，建筑底层不仅是具有活力的公共景观，更是能够管理及导流雨水的水文接合界面，通过生物沟渠、雨水花园和可集水景观等形成高效的雨水管理系统。

The masterplan stems from an organic planning strategy that maintains a level of organization but allows the site to pay homage to the irregularities in the local fishing villages. This, in turn, assists with the high wind velocities and shading required during the hot summer months. Echoing the resilience embedded in the granite formations of Mount Kinabalu, the architectural base is conceived not only as a dynamic civic landscape but also as a hydrological interface—designed to manage and channel stormwater through integrated systems of bioswales, rain gardens, and retention landscapes. 

设计还设有生态区，从湿地引入本地物种，促进生物多样性。植物景观也根据季节规划，随季节更迭呈现不同的生态景色。

The design also features Ecological Patches that promote biodiversity and introduces native species from the wetlands into the project site. Landscapes curated with seasonal planting become living canvases that transition with the seasons. Deep facades have been designed with local material to bind the site as a whole and respond to the climate.

从细腻柔软的沙滩，到如画般漂浮于水面的村落；从坚固的混凝土海堤，到轻盈架设于高脚柱上的干栏式建筑，哥打基纳巴卢的滨水地带呈现出一幅丰富多元的海岸图景。这些空间形态不仅映射出人与海洋之间的深厚联系，也见证了当地渔村在数百年间与热带环境之间所建立的共生关系。杰塞尔顿码头的总体规划正是从这一复杂而生动的滨海语境中汲取灵感，试图将这些多样的地貌与人文景观无缝嵌入新发展区之中。设计以一种融合性的策略，将西侧城市的都市生活与东侧的自然生态编织为一体，使新城区既承载现代都市的节奏，也保留海岸文化的温度与质感。这一规划不仅是空间上的整合，更是一种文化与生态的对话——在建筑的语言中，回应土地的记忆，也描绘未来的可能。

Spanning from sandy beaches to picturesque water villages, from concrete seawalls to structures standing elegantly on stilts, the city's edges encompass a rich tapestry of experiences, all intimately connected to the sea. Over centuries, fishing villages have developed lush, symbiotic relationships with the tropical context. Inspired by this, the masterplan endeavors to seamlessly integrate these diverse conditions, merging the urban life from the city on the west side with the nature from the east.

总体规划的概念以“水”为核心，将原有的渡轮码头迁移并重新设计，码头的景观层层落下，逐步延伸到海边，拉近与“水”的距离。渡轮码头更与新发展区中央的内港码头相辅相成，令市区与大海建立起更紧密的联系。总体规划也受到水上村落启发，在水上建造干栏式住宅，引入蜿蜒水道贯穿整个住宅区。除此以外，新发展区也以住宅大厦和综合用途高楼塑造出如山脉轮廓般的天际线，致敬当地著名的基纳巴卢山，并为海边滨水区带来独特远景。新发展区的入口位置将建有两座地标式建筑，彰显其作为哥打基纳巴卢新门户的定位，引领游客走入大自然和远方的国家公园。

Leveraging water as a central element of the design, the masterplan relocates and reimagines the original ferry terminal to create a closer connection to the water's edge. The terminal's new layout features a cascading landscape that gently descends towards the waterfront. Together with the inner marina in the center of the site, it fosters a stronger bond between the city and its aquatic surroundings. Inspired by water villages, homes are perched on stilts above water, with meandering water channels weaving throughout the neighborhood. Residential and mixed-use towers create a skyline reminiscent of a mountain range, as a nod to the famous Mount Kinabalu, visible from the waterfront. Two Gateway Buildings stand as a welcoming portal, marking the project's role as the new arrival point for Kota Kinabalu, into the nature and national parks beyond.

新发展区由三个地块组成，各个地块由长达732米的中央大道连接到新城中心，并且都留有视线通廊，在城中创造具层次感的滨海景致。总体规划着重步行性，街道经过精心设计，鼓励通过步行探索区内，营造社区感和安全感，并加强连通性。新发展区的全新交通模式由穿梭巴士辅助步行，增加以行人专属区为社区定位的可能性。临海区域设有各种步道、桥梁和亭台楼阁，展现出自然美景与人工创意的融合，打造出结合翠绿植物、水景和建筑物的如画环境，大大发挥哥打基纳巴卢的特色。通过策略性重用工业码头建设和细腻规划滨海区，杰塞尔顿码头新区让城市生活与大自然在水边融会合一，为哥打基纳巴卢带来注重环保、关注居民健康、以社区为本的新门户。

Throughout the site's three plots, new view corridors offer layered glimpses of the sea within the cityscape. The masterplan emphasizes walkability, offering well-designed streetscapes that encourage to explore on foot – fostering a sense of community, safety, and connectivity. A central spine that stretches 732 meters links all the plots and the center. Shuttles assist as new mobility for the site, enhancing the feasibility of pedestrian-only placemaking. Various pathways, bridges, podiums, and pavilions weave a coastal condition where natural beauty and human creativity intersect. This picturesque setting blends lush vegetation, water features, and architectural elements that represent the character of Kota Kinabalu. Through the strategic reuse of industrial pier foundations and the careful calibration of the waterfront, the Jesselton Docklands articulates an eco-friendly and community-oriented gateway to Kota Kinabalu, focused on well-being, where natural processes and urban life coalesce at the water's edge.

马来西亚杰塞尔顿码头总体规划

地点：马来西亚哥打基纳巴卢

年份：2024 - 

状态：进行中

业主：BEDI Development Sdn Bhd

合作方：Lateral、KTDA、Arup

类型：总体规划、目的地开发、综合用途、酒店、办公与生产设施、住宅、教育与科研

基地面积：28.2英亩

建筑总面积：约820,000平方米

渲染图：Aesthetica Studio

影像：Plomp

Jesselton Docklands

Location: Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia

Year: 2024 - 

Status: Ongoing

Client: BEDI Development Sdn Bhd

Collaborator: Lateral, KTDA, Arup

Typology: Master Planning, Destination, Mixed Use, Hospitality, Workspace & Production Facility, Residential, Education & Research

Site area: 28.2 acres

CFA: approx. 820,000 sqm

Images: Aesthetica Studio

Video: Plomp

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