Tiny House LUX住宅丨卢森堡丨ODA Architects,Coral Architects

挑战

The Challenge

卢森堡面临着明显的住房短缺问题。该国每年需要大约7,000套新住房，但每年建造的只有约3,600套，而且其中不到200套属于公共或可负担住房项目。各市政当局正在寻找方法，利用现有社区内部的小块空地。这些土地中的许多被认为过于狭窄或不规则，无法进行传统建设。微型房屋项目提出了一个简单的问题：如果这些空地变成了新的紧凑型、高质量住宅来源，能够让人们仍然住在他们的社区里，会是什么样子？

Luxembourg faces a clear housing shortfall. The country needs about 7,000 new homes each year, yet only around 3,600 are built, and fewer than 200 of those fall under public or affordable programs. Municipalities are searching for ways to use the small, leftover plots that sit inside existing neighborhoods. Many of these parcels are written off as too narrow or too irregular for conventional construction. The Tiny House project asks a simple question. What if these sites became a new source of compact, high-quality homes that keep people close to their communities?

▼住宅概览，overview of the house©BoysPlayNice

创意

The Idea

这个创意起源于ODA建筑事务所的建筑师布贾尔·哈萨尼（Bujar Hasani），并与尼德兰文市政府密切合作。双方共同确定了一条道路，能够在满足卢森堡结构和热能标准的同时，为希望留在该地区的年轻居民提供小型住宅。从一开始，团队就选择了3D建筑打印作为生产方式。目标不是建造一个临时小屋或轻便箱式房屋，而是一个耐用、有效的住宅，具有传统住宅的性能，并且能够以快速、精准的方式交付。

The idea originated with architect Bujar Hasani of ODA Architects, working in close collaboration with the Municipality of Niederanven. Together, they identified a path for small homes that meet Luxembourg’s structural and thermal standards, while supporting young residents who want to stay in the area. From the outset, the team chose 3D construction printing as the production method. The goal was not a temporary cabin or a lightweight box. The goal was a durable, efficient home that performs like a traditional dwelling and can be delivered with speed and precision.

▼3D打印住宅，3D construction printing house©BoysPlayNice

▼3D打印住宅，3D construction printing house©BoysPlayNice

解决方案

The Solution

为了实现这一承诺，ODA与ICE工业服务公司及其Coral建设技术部门合作。ICE专注于工业自动化，而Coral成立于2021年，开发了有效的现场混凝土打印解决方案。Coral将哈萨尼的建筑模型转化为可打印的数字文件，包含现场机器人系统所需的数据。这种合作遵循真正的设计与施工节奏。建筑定义了意图，数字化制造使其变得可建造、可复制且快速。

To make that promise real on a jobsite, ODA partnered with ICE Industrial Services and its Coral Construction Technologies division. ICE focuses on industrial automation. Coral, launched in 2021, develops effective on-site concrete printing solutions. Coral translated Hasani’s architectural model into a printable digital file, complete with the data that robotic systems need on site. The collaboration followed a true design and build rhythm. Architecture defined the intent. Digital fabrication made it constructible, repeatable, and fast.

▼首个使用当地骨料的3D打印住宅建筑，the first 3D-printed residential building that uses local aggregates©BoysPlayNice

第一个试点项目位于尼德兰文住宅区边缘的一块长而狭窄的地块上。该地块宽3.5米，深17.7米，净使用面积仅为47平方米。设计采用强烈的中心轴线，将主视角从前到后保持开放。储物、家具和服务区布置在两侧。视觉上，房屋看起来比实际尺寸更长、更宁静，从而使紧凑的占地面积显得更为宽敞。这座房屋在卢森堡创下了两个“第一”。它是首个使用当地骨料的3D打印住宅建筑，也是首个在木质地板平台上用螺旋地基打印的房屋，而不是传统的混凝土基础。这一地基选择减少了重量，最小化了基础工作，并使得将来拆卸或迁移变得更加简单。

The first pilot stands on a long, tight site at the edge of a residential area in Niederanven. The plot measures 3.5 meters in width and 17.7 meters in depth, which yields a net usable area of only 47 square meters. The plan responds with a strong central axis that keeps the main perspective open from front to back. Storage, furniture, and service zones line both sides. The eye reads the home as longer and calmer than the dimensions suggest, which helps the compact footprint live larger.

This house sets two firsts in Luxembourg. It is the first 3D-printed residential building that uses local aggregates. It is also the first to be printed on a wooden floor platform with screw foundations rather than concrete footings. That foundation choice reduces weight, minimizes groundwork, and makes potential dismantling or relocation simpler later in the building’s life.

▼在木质地板平台上用螺旋地基打印，printed on a wooden floor platform with screw foundations©BoysPlayNice

▼3D混凝土打印表皮，3D concrete printing facade©BoysPlayNice

建筑施工集中在Coral的移动打印机和现场3D混凝土打印上。全球只有极少数系统可以使用从当地搅拌站运送的标准混凝土进行打印。这一能力避免了依赖进口干拌料，改善了成本控制，并减少了与运输各种特殊成分相关的排放。现场打印大约需要一周时间。整个建造过程，包括精装修，通常可以在四周内完成。数字化制造还使技术元素可以在打印过程中直接成型。在这个项目中，淋浴间凹槽和壁挂式马桶的空腔就是作为墙的一部分打印出来的。施工人员减少了切割和修补的时间，完成的空间与设计完全对接。

▼结构轴测图，structure axonometric©ODA Architects + Coral Architects

Construction centers on Coral’s mobile printer and on-site 3D concrete printing. Only a very few systems globally can print with standard concrete delivered from local batching plants in a transport mixer. This capability avoids reliance on imported dry mixes, improves cost control, and cuts emissions tied to the transport of various special ingredients. Printing on site takes about one week. The full build, including finishing work, can be completed in about four weeks only. Digital fabrication also allows technical elements to be formed directly during printing. In this project, the shower niche and the cavity for a wall-mounted toilet are printed as part of the wall. The crew spends less time cutting and patching, and the finished spaces align exactly with the design.

▼3D混凝土打印表皮细部，3D concrete printing facade detail©BoysPlayNice

如今Today这座房屋的超结构延续了低影响的理念。框架和屋顶采用木材，绝缘和加固材料完全基于矿物，不含合成成分。木制基础和轻型屋顶减少了整体重量，并支持未来拆解时的循环思维。打印过程本身被优化以仅使用所需的材料，这节约了资源并降低了积碳排放。屋顶上的太阳能板为住宅和地热地暖系统提供电力。朝南的窗户提供了有用的太阳能增益，减少了供暖需求。

The superstructure continues the low-impact approach. The frame and the roof are wood. Insulation and reinforcement are entirely mineral-based, with no synthetic components. The wooden base and lightweight roof reduce overall mass and support a circular mindset for future disassembly. The printing process itself is tuned to place only the material that is needed, which conserves resources and lowers embodied carbon. Solar panels on the roof provide electricity for the home and for the film-based floor heating system. South-facing windows deliver useful solar gains that reduce heating demand.

▼室内空间，interior space©BoysPlayNice

▼框架和屋顶采用木材，The frame and the roof are wood©BoysPlayNice

▼餐厅及客厅空间，dining hall and living room©BoysPlayNice

Tiny House LUX不仅作为一个市政试点项目，也作为一座住宅。尼德兰文市政府在公共土地上支持该项目，旨在真实条件下测试替代建筑模式。最终结果是一个紧凑的住宅，既保持了设计质量和环境性能，又在现有社区内增加了适度的密度。由于该模型依赖于数字化工作流程、标准混凝土和移动打印机，它可以适应具有类似限制的地块，而不需要每次从头开始。

Tiny House LUX operates as a municipal pilot as well as a home. The Municipality of Niederanven supported the project on public land to test an alternative construction model under real conditions. The result is a compact dwelling that maintains design quality and environmental performance while adding gentle density inside an existing neighborhood. Because the model relies on a digital workflow, standard batching-plant concrete, and a mobile printer, it can be adapted to sites with similar constraints without starting from zero each time.

▼卧室空间，bedroom©BoysPlayNice

Coral的角色是将设计雄心与现场执行连接起来。该公司带来了一个设计到打印的工作流，将建筑意图转化为具有毫米精度的机器人工具路径。它带来了一个可以使用当地普通混凝土的移动打印机。它带来了在打印过程中将建筑和技术组件集成的技术诀窍，这减少了工种，减少了浪费，并缩短了施工周期。这些能力将被忽视的小地块转变为可建设的机会。

Coral’s role is to bridge design ambition with field execution. The company brings a design-to-print pipeline that converts architectural intent into robotic toolpaths with millimeter precision. It brings a mobile printer that runs ordinary local mixes. It brings the know-how to integrate architectural and technical components during printing, which reduces trades, cuts waste, and shortens schedules. These capabilities turn small, overlooked parcels into buildable opportunities.

▼走廊及浴室，corridor and bathroom©BoysPlayNice

未来 The Future

更大的意义在于可复制性。许多城镇都有一长串狭窄或不规则的空地被闲置。通过清晰的审批框架、可打印细节库和使用当地混凝土的现场打印过程，城市可以在居民已生活、学习和工作的地方增添建造良好、节能的住房。Tiny House LUX证明了这不是一个理论，而是一种工作方法，尊重当地工艺，符合国家性能标准，并能够随着市政需求扩展。创新和传统并不冲突，它们在一个精准、紧凑的住宅中汇合，证明了当设计、工程和现场自动化同步进行时，能够实现的可能性。

The larger significance lies in replicability. Many towns hold a long tail of narrow or irregular plots that sit idle. With a clear approvals framework, a library of printable details, and an on-site printing process that uses local concrete, cities can add well-built, energy-smart homes where people already live, study, and work. Tiny House LUX shows that this is not a theory. It is a working method that respects local craft, meets national performance standards, and can scale with municipal demand. Innovation and tradition are not at odds here. They meet in a precise, compact house that proves what can be done when design, engineering, and site-ready automation move in step.

▼夜景，night view©BoysPlayNice

▼场地平面，site plan©ODA Architects +Coral Architects

▼一层平面，ground floor plan©ODA Architects +Coral Architects

▼立面图，elevation©ODA Architects +Coral Architects

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▼细部，detail©ODA Architects +Coral Architects

Studio Concept and architecture: ODA Architects

3DCP design and data coordinator: Coral Architects

Author Bujar Hasani [ODA Architects], author, lead architect

Michal Mačuda [Coral Architects], conversion for 3DCP and data preparation

oda@odaarchitects.lu

Website

Studio address ODA Architects, 19, Route de Luxembourg, 6450 Echternach, Luxembourg

Coral Architects, Štěpánská 34, 110 00 Prague, Czech Republic

Co-author Kristýna Uhrová [Coral Architects], model preparation and data for printing

Project location Niederanven

Project country Luxembourg

Project year 2025

Completion year 2025

Built-up area 64 m²

Gross floor area 56 m²

Usable floor area 47 m²

Plot size 600 m²

Dimensions 3,5 × 17,7 m

Cost project documentation included: 317 000 €

Client Commune de Niederanven

Client’s website

Photographer BoysPlayNice