松莫伊克斯教育中心丨西班牙丨GRAS Reynés Arquitectos

业主决定将原本位于帕尔马老城蒙特西翁街（Montesión St）历史建筑群内的教学活动，整体迁移至松莫伊克斯（Son Moix）中心区域。这一调整将影响约500名高中及职业教育学生，他们将离开原有教室，进入一座符合最新教育标准的新建教学楼。

The client’s decision was to transfer the educational activities from the historic complex on Montesión St, in the old town of Palma, to the center of Son Moix. This change will have an impact on 500 high school and vocational students as they move out of their current classrooms and into a new building designed to meet the latest educational standards.

▼项目概览，Overview of the project © Luis Díaz Díaz

新校舍被纳入既有的校园馆舍布局之中。原有的两栋教学馆在过去曾多次扩建与翻新，以适应教育体系的演变以及日益严格的规范要求。此次新增的教学楼体量紧凑、功能明确，总建筑面积约6,200平方米，位于基地的上部区域，并从安达卢西亚街（Andalucía St.）设置了独立出入口。该新入口有效缓解了交通与通行问题，相较于原有的索恩·拉皮尼亚路（Camí de Son Rapinya），其所处街道条件更为适宜；同时，原有教学楼在同一路段的入口也得以重新组织。新教学楼的布局在校园内部形成一条由绿化空间围合的步行轴线，串联起各栋建筑，构成一条内部“兰布拉大道（rambla）”。既有植被在此基础上得到补充与更新，新植乔木与景观绿化在炎热季节为校园提供了充足的遮荫。

The new center is integrated into the existing layout of the pavilions. The two original pavilions have been successively expanded and renovated in order to adapt to changes in educational systems and the requirements of increasingly stricter regulations. The new pavilion, compact and functional, with a surface area of 6,200 m², is located in the upper part of the plot, creating an independent access from Andalucía St. This new access addresses mobility issues and improves connectivity in a more appropriate street than Camí de Son Rapinya, together with the reorganization of the existing pavilion entrances on the same street. The layout of the new pavilion creates a boulevard flanked by green areas that connects the various buildings, forming an internal “rambla” where existing vegetation is complemented by new trees and landscaped areas, providing shade during the warmer months.

▼入口，Entrance © Luis Díaz Díaz

建筑共设置四个楼层。首层作为连接校园步行轴线与上部教学空间的过渡界面，与主体建筑之间通过一处有顶廊道相连，强化了室内外空间的衔接。这一层主要布置公共服务功能与餐厅。建筑整体由两个略有错动的体量构成，以最大化立面展开长度。中央设置了一处贯通多层的双层通高楼梯核心，既承担垂直交通功能，也鼓励使用者之间的交流与互动。围绕这一核心——其中还整合了服务空间与设备用房——流线空间被设计为“阿哥拉（agora）”式公共区域，不仅用于通行，更成为交流与停留的场所，并由此进入分布于立面一侧的教室，以获得最佳的自然采光与通风条件。

© GRAS Reynés Arquitectos

The building is developed over four floors. The ground floor acts as a transitional space between the boulevard and the upper levels, where the educational areas are located. Separated from the main body of the building by a covered porch that facilitates the connection between indoor and outdoor spaces, this floor houses general services and a cafeteria. The building is composed of two slightly offset volumes to maximize the façade area. It has a central core with a large double-height staircase that connects the different floors and encourages interaction among users. Surrounding this core, which also includes service areas and technical rooms, the circulation spaces are designed as an agora—spaces not only for transit but also for meeting and interaction—providing access to the classrooms located on the façades to optimize natural lighting and ventilation.

▼室内外空间的衔接，Connection between indoor and outdoor © Luis Díaz Díaz

▼有顶廊道，Covered porch © Luis Díaz Díaz

建筑立面通过一层钢制百叶构成的“外皮”来回应教室对采光与通风的需求。该系统根据不同朝向进行调整，结合日照条件与教室使用方式，优化室内热舒适与光环境。百叶的模数变化赋予立面动态而富有层次的视觉效果，其随建筑朝向而变化，并适应一天之中不同时间的光照需求。百叶色彩的渐变处理进一步强化了这种多样性，使体量紧凑的建筑在视觉上显得更加轻盈。

Through a skin of steel louvers, the building’s façade responds to the lighting and ventilation needs of the classrooms. This skin adapts to different orientations, optimizing interior comfort conditions based on solar exposure and classroom use. The modulation of the slats gives the façade a dynamic and visually interesting character, varying according to the orientation of the building and adapting to the lighting needs throughout the day. The chromatic variation of the slats enhances this diversity and visually lightens the compact mass of the building.

▼钢制百叶“外皮”，Skin of steel louvers © Luis Díaz Díaz

建筑外壳延展至新建体育馆，形成一处封闭结构，以保护运动场地免受气候影响。这一开放而受保护的多功能空间容纳了五人制足球、篮球与排球场地，并通过阶梯式看台与室外场地及庭院相连，形成连续而灵活的空间体系，可用于体育活动及社区公共事件。

The shell of the building extends to the new gymnasium, creating an enclosed structure to protect the courts from the weather. This versatile, open and sheltered space houses futsal, basketball and volleyball courts and is connected to outdoor areas and courtyards by tiered seating. This creates a continuous and multifunctional environment suitable for community events.

▼外壳延展至新建体育馆，The shell of the building extends to the new gymnasium © Luis Díaz Díaz

▼灵活的空间体系，Multifunctional environment © Luis Díaz Díaz

▼户外活动空间，Outdoor space © Luis Díaz Díaz

教室根据教学体系的具体需求进行组织，强调空间的灵活性与可变性，可根据使用需要进行合并或分隔。宽敞而多功能的教学环境回应了当代教育中强调实践性、实验性与协作性的教学理念。教室与交通空间之间鼓励形成视觉联系，由此构建连续而开放的空间体验，进一步强化学生在学习环境中的主体地位。

The classrooms have been arranged according to the needs of the educational program, with an emphasis on flexibility and the ability to group or divide spaces as needed. Environments are spacious and versatile, reflecting new pedagogies that emphasize hands-on, experimental, collaborative work. Visual connections between classrooms and circulation spaces are encouraged. This creates a spatial continuity that reinforces the student’s role in the educational environment.

▼教室，Classroom © Luis Díaz Díaz

整个教育综合体在设计之初即以最高可持续性标准为目标，系统性地整合了被动式与主动式策略。建筑获得了最高等级的能源效率认证（A 级），屋顶设置了装机容量为89.24 kWp的光伏系统，预计年发电量可达133,860 kWh。该可再生能源系统每年可减少约26.8吨二氧化碳排放，不仅强化了项目对脱碳目标的承诺，也为学生提供了直观理解可持续能源生产的教学契机。

The educational complex has been designed under the highest standards of sustainability, incorporating both passive and active strategies from the earliest stages of the project. The building has achieved the maximum energy efficiency rating, A, and its roof hosts a photovoltaic installation of 89.24 kWp, with an estimated annual production of 133,860 kWh. This renewable energy system avoids the emission of 26.8 tons of CO₂ per year, reinforcing the project’s commitment to decarbonization and providing students with a direct understanding of sustainable energy generation.

▼走廊，Corridor © Luis Díaz Díaz

▼交通空间，Transportation space © Luis Díaz Díaz

建筑在材料选择上保持克制，优先采用本地材料，并因其良好的热工与声学性能而被保留为外露状态。这种直接而诚实的材料表达不仅体现了功能导向的设计态度，也进一步强化了建筑作为教学载体的示范与启发意义。

Materiality is sober and locally sourced, selected for its thermal and acoustic properties, and left exposed to highlight a functional and straightforward approach. A design that, beyond responding to technical criteria, also reinforces the didactic character of the complex.

▼材料选择上保持克制，Materiality is sober and locally © Luis Díaz Díaz

新建教学楼与体育馆共同纳入整体校园总图之中，重塑了校园内部的流线体系。尽管高层（高中与职业教育）与低层（小学与中学）在出入口与使用空间上彼此独立，但室外空间通过庭院、绿地与无障碍路径实现了整体连通。户外空间设计特别强调自行车与滑板车等可持续交通工具的停放区域，鼓励学生安全、独立地进入校园。

The new building and sports pavilion are integrated into the overall masterplan of the complex, creating new circulation patterns. Although the upper levels (high school and vocational training) and the lower levels (primary and secondary education) have independent access and spaces, the outdoor areas are connected through courtyards, green spaces and accessible pathways. The design of the outdoor spaces places special emphasis on areas designated for the parking of sustainable vehicles such as bicycles and scooters, promoting safe and autonomous access for students.

▼细节，Details © Luis Díaz Díaz

Typology: Cultural, Education

Location: Palma de Mallorca, Spain

Area: 6,200 m²

Client: Society of Jesus

Year: 2024

Budget: €7,660,700.00

Design Team

Architecture: GRAS Reynés Arquitectos

Project Team: Guillermo Reynés, Álvaro Pérez, Elena Gil del Val, Filip Szafalowicz, Laura Purlyte, Klaudia Sandecka, Marta Vracaris

Technical Architect: Juan Capó Puyol

Engineering: AMM Technical Group

Structure: AMM Technical Group

Construction: Constructora San José S.A.

Photography: Luis Díaz Díaz