Republica街区丨荷兰阿姆斯特丹丨Marc Koehler Architects等多家

未来高密度城市中的可持续集体生活应当是什么样？这正是 Republica 项目所回应的核心问题。作为阿姆斯特丹北部 Buiksloterham 原工业区中的先锋项目之一，Republica 坐落于这一正转型为“循环城市”新片区的场所之中。项目给出的答案，是一个功能复合、彼此连通的“城市村落”：在容积率 FSI 3 的高密度条件下，依然实现了高品质的居住环境与公共空间。

What does sustainable collective living in the densified city of the future look like? That was the question behind Republica, one of the pioneer projects in the former industrial area of Buiksloterham in Amsterdam North, which is being transformed into a new piece of circular city. The answer is a functionally mixed and connected ‘urban village’ with a building density of FSI 3 and a remarkably high quality of housing and public realm.

▼街区鸟瞰，aerial view of the street block© Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

Republica 将住宅（出租与出售）、联合办公与灵活办公空间、休闲与餐饮、短住与长住功能，以及电动出行设施整合于一个步行化、可渗透的“超级街区”之中。高层建筑与尺度亲密的公共广场、小巷、台阶与露台相互交织，座椅巧妙地融入雨水花池，用于雨水滞留。最终形成的是一个功能高度混合、空间高度密集，却依然轻盈、开敞且以人为本的城市公共领域。

▼分析图，analysis diagram© Marc Koehler Associates

Republica uniquely integrates housing (built to rent and to buy) with co-work and flex office, leisure, hospitality, short and long stay, and E-mobility facilities in a pedestrianized ‘permeable super block’. Tall buildings are combined with intimate public squares, alleys, stairs, and terraces. Seats are well integrated into planters for rainwater retention. The result is a functionally hybrid, spatially densified, yet light, spacious, and human-centered urban public realm.

▼丰富的露台与阳台空间，various terrace and balconies© Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

阁楼式建筑语言

Loft architecture

项目采用的阁楼式建筑语言——大开窗、高层高、大跨度结构与坚固耐用的材料——呼应了阿姆斯特丹港区的工业传统。而天然石材铺就的广场与宏大的台阶，则营造出一种明快、近似南欧城市的氛围。餐厅建筑以纪念性砖立面呈现，并略微后退于建筑红线之外，由此形成一个朝南的开放空间，设置宽阔的阶梯式座席，被称为 Buiksloterham 的“西班牙台阶”。

The loft architecture, with large windows, high ceilings, large floor spans, and robust materials, references the industrial language of the Amsterdam harbors, while the natural stone plaza and grand stairs have a cheerful, almost Southern European quality. The restaurant building has a monumental brick facade and slightly recedes from the building line; the resulting space, facing south, is furnished with wide seating steps: the ‘Spanish steps’ of Buiksloterham.

▼街区尺度，street scale© Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

▼大开窗、高层高、大跨度结构与坚固耐用的材料，large windows, high floors, large-span structures and durable materials © Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

▼底层空间，ground floor space© Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

整个城市空间“架设”在一座半地下停车库之上，内部设有电动共享汽车充电点与大型自行车停车区。同时，项目积极实验多种可持续与循环技术，包括中水回用、自建电力公司、微电网系统、空气与污水热回收，以及垃圾分类系统。

All of this is ‘lifted’ on a half-submerged parking garage with charging points for electric shared cars and a large bicycle parking area. Furthermore, experimentation is being done with sustainable and circular materials and installation techniques such as greywater reuse, a self-established electric power company, a micro-grid, heat recovery from air and sewage water, and waste separation.

▼柔绿色混凝土塔楼，soft green concrete tower building © Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

▼阁楼式建筑语言，loft-style architectural language© Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

▼建筑外观，exterior view© Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

▼露台，terrace© Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

我们将原本封闭的 80×80 米工厂用地向周边打开，精心重组为由六栋建筑、广场与小巷构成的整体，并通过两座桥梁和一座纪念性楼梯与周边社区相连。这里汇集了多元而活跃的功能：面积在 60–130 平方米之间、可出租或出售的住宅（其中一栋塔楼内设有 10 套 Superloft）、商业与办公空间、健身房、两家咖啡餐厅，以及一栋中长期居住型公寓酒店。屋顶上还将设置一处带泳池的桑拿俱乐部，可俯瞰 IJ 湖。

“We ‘opened up’ the given closed factory plot of 80mx80m to the surroundings and carefully rearranged it into an ensemble of six buildings and squares and alleys, connecting them to the neighborhood via two bridges and a monumental stair. It includes a lively mix of functions: apartments (built to rent and to buy between 60-130m2) including a tower with ten Superlofts, commercial and office spaces, a gym, two café-restaurants, and a mid to long-stay apartment-hotel. On the roof, there will be a sauna club with a pool overlooking the IJ lake.”

▼封闭的 80×80 米工厂用地向周边打开，the given closed factory plot of 80mx80m was opened to the surroundings © Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

▼街巷，alley© Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

开放建筑与循环经济

Open building and circular economy

项目中的柔绿色混凝土塔楼采用可适应的核心筒与结构体系，内部为 Superloft 户型，使居民能够对室内空间进行高度个性化的改造。它标志着中央“村庄广场”，广场铺设可拆卸的天然石材。白色住宅楼采用永恒耐用、经特殊型材处理的混凝土（部分为再生材料）；公寓酒店建筑采用木立面，来源于可再生资源；仓库式办公楼则使用可回收、耐久的耐候钢（Corten steel），并因其额外的净高而具备制造业使用的可能性。咖啡馆与联合办公空间的砖立面则由回收砖砌成，通过不同的表面处理与砌筑方式呈现丰富肌理。

The soft green concrete tower with adaptable core and shell Superlofts allows residents to radically customize their interiors. It marks the central ‘village square’ paved with demountable natural stone. The white residential block is made of timeless, specially profiled (partly recycled) concrete. The apartment-hotel building has a wooden facade, coming from a source of renewable materials. The warehouse office building is made of recyclable and durable Corten steel and, due to its extra clear height, it is also suitable for manufacturing. The brick facade of the cafe and co-work is made of recycled bricks, which are manipulated in surface texture and laid in different patterns. Each building thus has its own story, structure, function, form, and sustainable facade finish, and can therefore be adapted independently of each other in function, layout, and expression (Open Cities).

▼台阶与广场，stairs and plaza© Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

▼广场铺设可拆卸的天然石材，the square is paved with removable natural stones© Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

因此，每一栋建筑都拥有自身的故事、结构、功能、形式与可持续立面系统，并能够在功能、布局与表达上独立调整（“开放城市”理念）。它们能够随时间“生长”，从而延长使用寿命，显著减少未来的拆除与建筑垃圾。得益于支撑系统与内装系统的分离、大跨度结构、高层高、大开窗以及可拆卸材料体系，大多数建筑都具备灵活分隔的可能性。这正是 MKA 所提出的“开放建筑与开放系统”理念，其灵感源自 20 世纪 60 年代由 John Habraken 发起的“开放建筑”运动。

They ‘grow’ with the times and thus last longer, likely resulting in significantly less demolition and construction waste in the future. Most buildings are flexibly divisible due to the separation of support and fit-out systems, large spans, high ceilings, large windows, and demountable material systems ( the results are what MKA calls Open Buildings and Open Systems). The timeless circular and social architecture that is the result that MKA strives for is inspired by the so-called ‘Open Building’ movement, founded by the late John Habraken in the 1960s.

▼屋顶泳池，rooftop pool© Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

能源合作社

Energy cooperative

作为循环型 Buiksloterham 的一部分，Republica 被阿姆斯特丹市政府选为可持续建造与生活方式的实验性示范项目，并获得欧盟资助。该地块实现了能源正产出——太阳能板与地热井产生的能源超过自身需求。项目还成立了一家创新型能源合作社，通过微电网、“社区电池”与地热系统，在居民之间实现可再生能源的生产、储存与共享。

As part of circular Buiksloterham, Republica is a testlab for sustainable construction and living, selected by the City of Amsterdam and subsidized by the EU. It is an energy-positive city plot (meaning the solar panels and ‘Geothermal well’ generate more power than is needed). An innovative energy cooperative has been established to generate, store, and exchange sustainable solar energy between residents using a micro-grid network, ‘neighborhood battery’, and Geothermal well.

▼改造后的工厂，renovated factory© Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

▼屋顶太阳能板，rooftop solar panels© Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

活力底层空间

Vibrant plinth

所有技术用房、停车空间、自行车停放、设备、储藏、垃圾分类以及酒店物流，均被整合并隐藏于半地下车库中，同时保证车库内的自然采光。这一策略使抬高后的首层界面及周边街道在各个方向上保持开放，从而提升空间活力、社会安全性与整体宜居度。

All technical rooms, parking spaces, bicycles, installations, storage, waste separation, and hotel logistics are concealed in the semi-underground garage, ensuring sufficient daylight in the parking area. This keeps the facades facing the raised ground level and the surrounding streets open on all sides, thus increasing liveliness, social safety, and livability.

▼活力底层空间，vibrant plinth© Sebastian van Damme, Maikel Samuels

▼细部，details© Marc Koehler Associates

▼项目图纸，drawings© Marc Koehler Associates

Technical sheet

Location: Amsterdam-Noord, Buiksloterham

Client: Republica VOF, (Banlieu BV & Vink Bouw), Machiel Brautigam, Bernlef de Vries

Year: 2015 – 2024

Total GFA 20.300 m2

UFA + RSF 18.300 m2

Design: Overall architecture Republica: Marc Koehler Architects Block 3 with mid-range rental apartments: Loer Architecten

Sustainability: EPC 0,2 | GPR 8,4 | Rainproof

Republica has received European funding to implement a sustainable energy supply; a smart grid.

Team: Marc Koehler Architects, Loer Architecten, Vink Bouw, Pieters Bouwtechniek, DPA, Dakdokters, Techniplan, INNAX, Spectral, Cauberg Huygen.