桂头镇湿地公园丨中国广东丨有限设计工作室

Guitou Wetland Park: Reclaiming Public Space for the Rural Forgotten | YXDesigners

项目陈述

PROJECT STATEMENT

改项目直面城乡公共资源分配不均的问题，将一片被废弃的河岸湿地修复为面向华南瑶族与客家社区的韧性公共空间。通过可适应洪水的栈道与滞洪湿地区系统，场地既提升了生物多样性，也成为生态教学的户外课堂。当地居民参与建造过程，重拾河石砌筑等传统手艺，用于基础设施营建，在创造收入的同时，也通过社区公约推动自我管理与长期运维。

设计充分贴合乡村日常使用方式，整条游线支持电动车与摩托车通行，并在空间中融入地方文化意象，提供适合多代人共同使用的活动场所。项目不只是一个乡村公园，更是一套以气候适应、文化复兴与社区共建为核心、弥补系统性资源落差的实践框架。

Addressing urban-rural public resource disparities, the project regenerates abandoned wetland into a resilient and inclusive public space for South China’s Yao-Hakka communities. Flood-adaptive boardwalks and basins boost biodiversity as ecological classrooms. Locals restore craft traditions like river-stone masonry through self-built infrastructure, generating income and fostering self-sustaining governance via community covenants.

Seamlessly woven into local routines, the design enables full-route e-bike and motorcycle access while celebrating cultural motifs and supporting multi-generational spaces. Beyond a rural park, it offers a framework bridging systemic gaps through climate adaptation, cultural resurgence, and community-led equity.

▲曾经被荒置的河岸滩地被改造为区域内首个具备防洪韧性的公共空间，在生态修复、社区使用与自我维持之间取得平衡。Once-neglected wasteland is transformed into the region’s first flood-resilient public space, balancing ecology, community, and self-sustainability. © YXDesigners

项目说明

PROJECT NARRATIVE

桂头镇位于华南地区经济差距最显著的省份之一的欠发达区域，当地乡村社区长期缺乏高质量公共空间与公共服务。项目场地约8英亩，紧邻河道，长期受岸坡侵蚀与季节性洪水影响，最高洪水位可达4米，既危险又难以进入。在缺乏公共管理机制的前提下，常规做法往往是修建硬质护岸、简单整地，但这类一次性工程很容易在后期被弃用，也难以长期维持。设计团队的核心挑战，是在应对洪水风险的同时，引入贴合在地生活与文化结构的功能体系，使场地具备自我维持能力，并重新连接瑶族、客家以自然为中心的生活传统与乡村节律。

通过台地分级、架空栈道与滞洪湿地的组合，公园在不同水位条件下都能保持可达性：在常水位（68m）时，连续的滨水平台可正常使用；在洪泛水位（70m）时，三处滞洪区转化为湿地生境，促进物种栖息；在二十年一遇的洪泛水位（72m）时，抬高的栈道系统仍可保障安全通行。这一分层体系既保证了公共使用的连续性，也强化了整体生态功能。

完成必要的地形整治后，项目引入本土植物种子，推动植被按自然演替过程自行恢复。岸线采用块石护坡与石笼结构稳定边界，形成可渗透的水陆过渡界面，避免大面积混凝土硬化。洪水退去后，滞洪区形成阶段性湿地，为两栖类、无脊椎动物与水生植物提供栖息环境；分布式湿地斑块也吸引候鸟停歇。建成后已新增两种水鸟记录，表明湿地生境质量明显改善。整个场地同时作为面向本地学生的生态教学场所，展示可持续洪泛区管理策略。

跨水亭廊的形态借鉴瑶族干栏式建筑，柱廊厚重的石构语言呼应客家民居特征，使空间与地域传统建立直接联系。路径中嵌入发光石材，隐喻瑶族宇宙观中的星象意象。项目通过参与式建造过程邀请本地匠人加入，恢复河石砌筑工艺，带动跨代手艺传承。

考虑到农村出行以电动车和摩托车为主，公园实现了全线可骑行通达，使其真正融入日常生活，而非孤立的景观设施。由回收管桩改造而成的儿童活动场，把闲置工程材料转化为可攀爬、可触摸的游戏结构，在游玩中传递材料循环利用的理念。开放式边界与连续动线鼓励日常使用，从晨练、散步到傍晚跳舞与聚会都可自然发生。可淹没的滨水亭在不同季节承担不同角色，既是皮划艇下水点，也是社区活动舞台；石砌岸线则为垂钓与亲水活动提供停留空间。

以社区为主体的管理机制确保了后续养护的持续性。整体生态系统以低维护、自我更新为目标，减少人工干预需求；设有太阳能屋顶的服务驿站为基础设施提供离网能源。传统养护方式——如季节性清沟与石料加固——由村民团队自行完成，维持地方自主性。

公园开放后几乎全天被村民使用。它不是一次性完成的“成品设计”，而是一片持续生长的共享景观——随着水位变化、社区参与和日常生活不断被重新塑造，也为长期缺乏公共空间的乡村社区提供了真正可用、可持续的公共场所。

▲由缓坡栈道、滨水亭廊与块石护岸构成的系统，在不同水位条件下仍保持可达性，同时不破坏自然水文过程。The network of ramped boardwalks, pavilions, and riprap ensures access across changing water levels while preserving natural hydrology. © YXDesigners

▲通过台地分级、栈道与滞洪湿地区的组合适应水位变化——68m平台常态开放，70m水位形成湿地生境，72m步道保障安全通行。Terraced elevations, boardwalks, and basins adapt to water levels—68m platforms stay open, 70m wetlands flourish, and 72m paths ensure safe access. © YXDesigners

▲连续缓坡栈道取代传统硬质护岸，将不同标高节点串联起来，形成可随洪水变化而运行的立体地形系统。The ramped boardwalk replaces conventional hard embankments, connecting multi-elevation nodes to form a flood-adaptive terrain. © YXDesigners, Tianchen YU

▲随水位涨落变化的河岸带上，水生植被与本土乔木自然生长，湿地岛状斑块在动态水位中逐步显现。Lush aquatic vegetation and native trees thrive along the dynamic river edge, where wetland islets emerge with shifting water levels. © YXDesigners

▲入口节点由太阳能屋顶驿站、层叠石墙与耐候钢标识共同构成，形成鲜明而贴合场地特征的门户界面。A solar-paneled station with stacked stone walls and a weathered steel marker forms a distinctive, site-responsive gateway. © YXDesigners

▲块石护坡、石笼挡墙、预制坐凳与滨水亭廊采用统一材料体系，塑造整体协调、可适应洪水的滨河空间形象。Riprap and gabion embankments, pre-cast block seating, and pavilion share a unified material language, shaping a cohesive, flood-adaptive riverfront. © YXDesigners

▲多层次的本土旱地、湿地与乔木群落共同构建稳定生境网络，展现区域生态特征。A diverse assemblage of native upland, wetland, and tree canopy species establishes a resilient habitat, showcasing the region’s ecological character. © YXDesigners

▲保留并修复的湿地生境支撑了多样物种栖息，其中新增观测到两种水鸟；雪松结构观景亭为安静的生态观察提供场所。Preserved wetland habitat supports diverse species, including 2 newly observed, while a cedar pavilion supports passive wildlife observation. © YXDesigners

▲丰富的自然环境增强了人与动植物之间的互动，为公众提供直观的生态认知与学习机会。Vibrant natural surroundings foster interaction with diverse flora and fauna, offering educational opportunities that enrich the visitor experience. © YXDesigners

▲全线无障碍缓坡骑行环线配合遮荫柱廊，采用耐冲刷材料建造，可抵御二十年一遇洪水。Fully accessible ramped cycling loop with shaded colonnades, built with erosion-resistant materials to withstand 20-year floods. © YXDesigners

▲顺应乡村生活方式，滨水亭成为日常交流、节庆活动与跨代聚会的核心场所。Embracing rural life, the waterside pavilion serves as a vibrant hub for daily interactions, seasonal festivities, and intergenerational gatherings. © YXDesigners

▲从清晨到正午再到黄昏，这片空间把不同年龄的人连接在一起，在玩耍、停留与相聚中融入日常生活的节奏变化。At dawn, noon, and dusk, the space weaves together generations—bridging play, reflection, and shared moments in the evolving rhythm of daily life. © YXDesigners

▲再利用建筑材料构成富有参与感的游戏场地，鼓励儿童攀爬与探索，在体验中理解再利用与循环理念。Repurposed construction materials form an engaging playscape, where children climb, explore, and intuitively learn about reuse and circularity. © YXDesigners

▲村民通过低技术、在地化的养护方式持续维护公园，延续河石砌筑工艺与地方手作传统，同时守护河道水质。Villagers sustain the park through low-tech upkeep, preserving river-stone masonry, local craftsmanship, and safeguarding the river’s clarity. © YXDesigners

▲具有瑶族意象的亭廊与朴实的客家石作共同奠定了场地的地域文化基底，暮色中，日常生活在此自然展开。Yao-inspired pavilions and rustic Hakka stonework ground the park in local traditions, with life unfolding at a steady pace as dusk falls. © YXDesigners

PROJECT NARRATIVE

Guitou lies in the poorest region of China’s most economically divided province, where rural communities have long lacked access to quality public resources. Spanning 8 acres, this riverside terrain faces erosion and seasonal floods up to 4m, making it hazardous and inaccessible. With no public space or management system, interventions risk abandonment, prompting the conventional hard embankment plan, which reclassified land while ignoring long-term viability. The challenge was to manage flooding while fostering self-sustainability through locally rooted functions and cultural relevance—reconnecting it with the Yao and Hakka nature-centered traditions and rural rhythms.

Terraced elevations, elevated boardwalks, and flood basins ensure continuous year-round accessibility. At a normal water level (68m), a continuous waterfront platform remains accessible. During annual floods (70m), three detention basins transform into lush wetland habitats, supporting biodiversity. In 20-year floods (72m), an elevated boardwalk allows safe movement above water. This approach provides continuous public access and strengthens ecology.

After necessary site work, native plant seeds were introduced to facilitate self-sustaining vegetation recovery, mirroring natural succession processes. Riprap embankments and gabion stabilize shorelines, ensuring a permeable land-water transition free of rigid concrete. As floodwaters recede, detention basins create temporary habitats for amphibians, invertebrates, and aquatic plants. Wetland pockets attract migratory birds. Since completion, 2 additional waterbird species have been observed, indicating improved wetland habitat quality. This evolving landscape applies sustainable floodplain management strategies and serves as an ecological classroom for local students.

Overwater pavilions reflect Yao stilt houses, while the colonnade’s robust stonework recalls Hakka dwellings, both anchoring the design in regional traditions. Embedded glow stones trace the paths, evoking Yao cosmology. A participatory process engaged local artisans, reviving river-stone techniques and strengthening intergenerational craftsmanship.

Seamless, full-route access for e-bikes and motorcycles—essential in rural China—integrates the park into daily life rather than making it a distant amenity. A reclaimed pipe-pile playground repurposes unused construction stock into a tactile playscape, inviting children to climb and explore while subtly educating visitors on material circularity. Unfenced edges and open circulation invite daily rhythms, from morning walks to evening strolls, dancing, and informal gatherings. A floodable pavilion shifts with the seasons, doubling as a kayak launch and communal stage, while stone embankments offer spaces for fishing and shellfishing along the water’s edge.

The community-managed framework ensures local participation in park maintenance. Low-maintenance, self-sustaining ecosystems require minimal human intervention, while a solar-roofed park station provides off-grid energy for basic site functions. Traditional upkeep methods—such as seasonal flood channel clearing and stone-filled reinforcement—are conducted by village teams, sustaining local autonomy.

Since opening, the park is used nearly 24 hours a day by villagers, not as a static design, but as a shared landscape that continues to evolve—shaped by shifting waters, collective hands, and the everyday life it sustains for a community long left without such spaces.