CEIP LOS ARCOS学校丨西班牙卡塞雷斯

“如果杜尚宣称任何日常物品都可以被提升为艺术作品的尊严，那么我宣称对物品的使用本身就是一件艺术作品。”

“If Duchamp declared that any ordinary object could be elevated to the dignity of a work of art, I declare the use of the object as a work of art.” ——W. Vostell

W. 沃斯特尔所宣告的“使用的价值”，正如同他在1976年与马尔帕尔蒂达 - 德卡塞雷斯（Malpartida de Cáceres）的居民一起，在VOAEX中将其欧宝Admira汽车的内外部填满混凝土时所“封存”的价值——该作品如今成为马尔帕尔蒂达 - 德卡塞雷斯沃斯特尔美术馆的象征。由此，物品的使用被阻断，一个失去机械机能的独特“岩石”形态显现出来，揭示出人类创造中所嵌入的自然性的最终汇合。

The value of use declared by W. Vostell is the same that is blocked in the concrete when, in 1976, together with the residents of Malpartida de Cáceres, he filled the interior and exterior of his Opel Admira in VOAEX, an emblem of the Vostell Museum in Malpartida de Cáceres. Thus, the use of the object (Bettonages) is blocked, and a unique rock without the mechanism appears, revealing the final confluence with the nature embedded in human creations.

▼项目概览，overview of the project©DEL RIO BANI

从这一行动出发，作为21世纪的建筑师，可以作出两种解读。一方面，建筑师坚信与自然的汇合应当内在于建成环境之中；另一方面，也应当颂扬“使用价值”的生命性——颂扬建造的使用本身，以及公共建筑所带来的体验价值，并赞美那些促成这种价值的机制。基于此，建筑师提出一座通过其植入方式、构成逻辑与材料表达，回应上述两种解读的建筑。它应当淡化自身的人为痕迹，使其内在的自然汇合更加鲜明，并在整个生命周期内有利于建筑的可持续性。它应当是一块“空白画布”——一个具有暗示性而非结论性的空间——以最少的机制保障使用价值得以自由展开。

From this action, as 21st-century architects, we can draw two readings. On one hand, we do believe that the confluence with the nature should be intrinsic to the built environment. On the other hand, it should celebrate the vital aspect of the value in the use of the construction and in the experiential value of a public building, celebrating the mechanisms that facilitate it. With that, we propose a building that, through its implantation, composition, and materiality, addresses these two readings. It should blur its anthropization, with the intrinsic confluences with nature emerging more intensely, which should favor the sustainability of the building throughout its life cycle. It should be a blank canvas, a suggestive, non-conclusive space, with the minimum mechanisms for the freedom of development of the value of use.

▼项目概览，overview of the project©DEL RIO BANI

场地植入

IMPLEMENTATION

建筑被构建为一条“多孔的边界”，过滤邻近独栋住宅城市环境与自然环境之间的关系——后者由花岗岩露头的随机形态与农业用地所主导，共同界定了市镇的边界。该边界以一个略微解构的纵向体量填充了唯一的城市界面（北侧），并通过尺度调节回应周边环境。随后，建筑转折为一条短向的横向路径（自然采光与通风得以实现，同时通过一个中央大厅减少流线长度），并在两面主要且相对的立面上强化南北向朝向。

▼场地轴测，site axonometric©Paradigma Estudio

Configured as a porous boundary, the building filters the relationship between the urban environment of the nearby single-family homes and the natural surroundings dominated by the randomness of granite outcrops and agricultural extensions that define the perimeter of the municipality. This boundary fills the only urban edge (north) with a slightly decomposed longitudinal volume that adjusts its scale to the surroundings. Then, it turns into a short transversal path (facilitating naturally lit and ventilated interiors and reducing circulation through a single central hall) and favors the north-south orientation on its two main and opposing façades.

▼建筑被构建为“多孔的边界”，building is configured as a porous boundary©DEL RIO BANI

构成

COMPOSITION

设计追求紧凑体量与短向横向性，以利用主导风向，使建筑能够根据不同朝向作出回应，并充分利用各类功能所需的自然条件。南立面的特征是一条几何形态可变、尺度可观的廊架。它创造出一个出人意料的中介空间，延展、保护并容纳公共功能，模糊室内与室外的边界。上层设置了双层通高空间（体育馆与门厅），使内轴空间获得充足的自然直射光，从而为两层空间提供采光。

▼模型，model©Paradigma Estudio

We look for the compactness and short transversality to harness prevailing winds, adjusting the answer of the building to the different orientations, making use of the natural conditions that each use requires. The southern façade is characterized by a pergola of variable geometry and considerable length, that offers an unexpected intermediate space that extends, protects, and accommodates the public uses, blurring the boundary between interior and exterior.On the upper floor, we found double-height spaces (gymnasium and lobby) that help to bathe both floors with direct light in the inner axis.

▼几何形态可变、尺度可观的廊架，a pergola of variable geometry and considerable length©DEL RIO BANI

北侧将辅助功能收纳于若干有意识布置的“盒子”体量中，在城市与教育区域之间形成渗透性空间：主入口、幼儿园入口与食堂均位于此，并需直接与室外相连。一层北侧带状空间呈现出教室的节奏性排列，与楼梯、通高空间以及南侧的辅助功能形成对应。

On the north side, the complementary uses are enclosed in few boxes that are placed consciously, positioning the permeable spaces between the urban and educational areas: the main entrance, the kindergarten entrance, and the dining hall, all requiring immediate access from the exterior.On the first floor, the northern band features a rhythm of classrooms facing staircases, double heights, and complementary uses on the southern front.

▼北侧立面，north side elevation©DEL RIO BANI

▼北侧带状空间，the northern band©DEL RIO BANI

南向立面通过预制混凝土格栅保护内部空间；上层立面方案则被系统化处理，并根据朝向作出局部调整。

Towards the south, the façade protects the inner spaces with precast concrete screens. On the upper floor, the façade solution is systematized, with punctual alterations based on orientation.

▼预制混凝土格栅细部，precast concrete screens detail©DEL RIO BANI

材料性

MATERIALITY

在一组彼此对立却相互滋养的元素并置中，外部的裸露混凝土呈现出坚实的教育基础设施形象，仿佛渴望成为一块岩石，在其不抗拒自然过程的姿态中显露决心。内部空间则中性、朴素而亲切，如同一块等待学生展开个性发展的空白画布——他们将在其中探索空间，以衣物与围裙、书包与鞋履、图画与现实为其赋予色彩；这是一个允许他们自行作出决定，并亲自将建筑的使用宣告为艺术作品的场所。这些决定支撑着项目、建造过程以及其后续使用，坚定地推动建筑与自然之间的内在汇合，以及使用价值的暗示性表达——这一“空白画布”的提案延展了这座公共建筑的生命周期。

▼轴测图，axonometric©Paradigma Estudio

In a juxtaposition of opposing elements that feed each other, the raw concrete exterior presents a robust image of an educational infrastructure, eager to become a rock, in its determination of not resisting the natural processes. The interior is neutral, bare, and welcoming, like a blank canvas waiting for students to develop their personalities, discovering the spaces, and colonizing it with the colours of their clothes and aprons, backpacks and shoes, their drawings and their reality, a place where they can make their own decisions and declare the use of the building as a work of art themselves. These decisions hold the project, the work, and its subsequent use with a firm intention to promote the intrinsic convergence of architecture with nature and the suggestive value of use — the proposal of a blank canvas that extends the lifespan of this public building.

▼室内连通空间，indoor circulation space©DEL RIO BANI

▼体育馆，gym ©DEL RIO BANI

▼裸露混凝土天花，exposed concrete ceiling ©DEL RIO BANI

当被动策略不足以应对特定情境时，建筑配备了主动系统：通过CO₂探测器实现的自动自然通风系统、由空气源热泵驱动的辐射供暖与制冷地面系统，以及大规模太阳能板装置。由此，我们实现了一座与自然过程对话的自主性建筑——成为埃斯特雷马杜拉首座生物气候公共学校。

Equipped by active systems (automated natural ventilation through CO2 detectors, radiant and cooling floor system powered by aerothermal energy, and a significant installation of solar panels) to address situations in which the previously described passive responses are insufficient. We achieve an autonomous building, in dialogue with natural processes, becoming THE FIRST BIOCLIMATIC PUBLIC SCHOOL IN EXTREMADURA.

▼场地区位，site location©Paradigma Estudio

▼平面图，plan©Paradigma Estudio

▼立面图，elevation©Paradigma Estudio

▼剖面图，section©Paradigma Estudio

Author: Tenor (Álvaro Valverde + Luis Vacas) + Paradigma Estudio (María Navarro Cifuentes + Manuel Jesús Píriz Gil) + Buró4 + Gabriel Verd Arquitectos

Quanty surveyor: Carlos Rubio Manso (Obra), José Joaquín Escribano (Obra), Manuel Cansino (Proyecto)

Engineering: Miguel Sibón Roldán, Roberto Sepulveda.

Constructor: CONSTRUCCIONES DARO ROYO S.L

Promoter: Junta de Extremadura. Consejería de Educación, Ciencia y Formación Profesional

Photography: DEL RIO BANI

Location: Malpartida de Cáceres (Cáceres)

Year: 2024