Leopoldo 1201住宅楼与景观设计丨巴西圣保罗

在巴西圣保罗这座高度密集、快速城市化且绿地稀缺的超大都市中，将植被重新引入日常生活已成为一项重要的环境策略。随着建成密度不断提高，能够将自然带回城市空间的建筑解决方案愈发迫切。在这样的背景下，Leopoldo 1201住宅项目应运而生，实现了建筑与景观设计的有机融合。

In São Paulo — one of the largest and most densely populated metropolises in the Southern Hemisphere, marked by rapid urbanization and a scarcity of green spaces — reintegrating vegetation into daily life has become an essential environmental strategy. As the city’s built density continues to expand, the demand for architectural solutions that bring nature back into the urban environment grows. In this context emerges the Leopoldo 1201 Building, a residential development that harmoniously integrates architecture and landscape design.

▼项目概览，overall of the project© Evelyn Muller

▼建筑与景观设计的有机融合，

theorganic integration of architecture and landscape design© Evelyn Muller

项目位于Itaim Bibi区——这一以高层建筑密集和高价值房地产著称的片区，邻近城市主要金融轴线Faria Lima大道。建筑坐落于Leopoldo Couto de Magalhães Júnior街，距离Parque do Povo公园及JK Iguatemi商业综合体仅数步之遥。该项目由Nortis开发，aflalo/gasperini arquitetos负责建筑设计，于2021年竣工。建筑包含22层标准住宅单元（每户269平方米）及一套520平方米的复式顶层公寓，同时配备室内外泳池、休闲空间及完善的配套设施。公共区域与住宅阳台的景观设计由Rodrigo Oliveira Paisagismo完成。

Located in the Itaim Bibi district — a neighborhood known for its high-rise density and prime real estate value, near Avenida Faria Lima, the city’s main financial artery — the project stands on Leopoldo Couto de Magalhães Júnior Street, just a few meters from Parque do Povo and the JK Iguatemi corporate complex. Developed by Nortis, with architectural design by the firm Aflalo/Gasperini Arquitetos, the building was completed in 2021 and features 22 typical floors with 269 m² apartments, plus a 520 m² duplex penthouse. It also includes indoor and outdoor pools, leisure areas, and complete infrastructure. Rodrigo Oliveira Paisagismo designed the landscaping for the common areas and residential balconies.

▼建筑与周边城市环境，architecture and surrounding environment© Evelyn Muller

▼半鸟瞰，half-aerial view© Evelyn Muller

▼建筑包含22层标准住宅单元，

the building consists of 22 standard residential units© Evelyn Muller

▼建筑顶部，top part of the building© Evelyn Muller

建筑体量以其动态楼板设计为特征：外露的混凝土板面向不同方向倾斜，赋予塔楼以运动感；金属栏杆顺应这一几何变化，形成独特的立面语言。在用地受限、地面绿化空间不足的条件下，项目采用了在当地仍较少见的策略——垂直绿化。种植槽沿立面连续布置，随楼板轮廓在各层展开，使绿意在高度上不断叠加，形成一种连续且具有结构性的“绿色表皮”，弥补了地面景观的不足。

The building’s volumetry stands out for the dynamic design of its slabs, whose exposed concrete planes tilt in varying directions, giving the tower a sense of movement. Metal railings follow these gestures, creating a distinctive architectural language. On a site with limited dimensions and few possibilities for ground-level gardens, the project adopted a solution still uncommon in the city: vertical greening. Planters were integrated along the entire façade, following the contours of the slabs on every floor. This multiplication of greenery in height significantly increased the building’s vegetative presence, compensating for the scarcity of landscaped areas at ground level by making green a continuous and structuring layer of the architecture.

▼外露的混凝土板面向不同方向倾斜，theexposed concrete planes tilt in varying directions© Evelyn Muller

▼立面的垂直绿化，vertical greening of the facade© Evelyn Muller

▼立面近景，closer view of the facade© Evelyn Muller

▼立面局部，closer view of the facade© Evelyn Muller

这一策略也呼应了圣保罗《战略总体规划》中关于绿色基础设施与可持续发展的导向。景观设计在形式、功能与自然之间建立联系：尽管种植形式多样，所有花槽均经过精确设计，以适应高空种植对日照、风向及立面微气候的要求。植物选择在韧性与多样性之间取得平衡，以巴西本土热带植物为主，同时辅以适应城市环境的外来物种，通过强调肌理、密度与季节变化，构建出一个随时间演化的“活立面”。

This strategy aligns with São Paulo’s Strategic Master Plan — an urban planning instrument that encourages, among other aspects, the incorporation of green infrastructure and sustainable practices in new developments. The landscaping acts as a link between form, function, and nature. Although varied in design, the planters were dimensioned for adequate depth and width to support vegetation at height, taking into account factors such as sun exposure, wind patterns, and façade microclimates. The botanical selection balances resilience with diversity, predominantly featuring native Brazilian tropical plants alongside exotic species adapted to urban conditions. The compositions emphasize texture, density, and seasonal variation, creating a living façade that changes throughout the year.

▼俯视建筑，overlooking the building© Evelyn Muller

▼细部，details© Evelyn Muller

▼仰视建筑，looking up to the building© Evelyn Muller

为确保绿化系统高效运作，项目配备了完整的技术体系：花槽内设有自动滴灌系统，通过垂直管网供水；基质经过专门配比，兼具良好的排水性、保水性与养分供给能力；排水系统设置防堵与检修节点，便于维护管理。绿植养护也被纳入公寓日常运营体系之中。除生态效益外，立面绿化亦提升了热工与声学性能：植物过滤过量日照、降低表面温度、缓解城市噪声并增强私密性。每户住宅通过大尺度阳台与悬挂花园直接相连，大面积滑动门将室内与绿化空间无缝衔接，使植物成为连接公共与私密空间的缓冲层，从而提升居住体验。

To ensure the gardens perform effectively, a comprehensive technical system was developed. The planters are equipped with automated micro-drip irrigation fed by vertical networks integrated into the building’s infrastructure. The substrate used in the planters is formulated for high drainage capacity, moisture retention, and nutrient supply, promoting root growth while minimizing maintenance needs. Protected drains and inspection points enable efficient water flow, preventing clogs and facilitating upkeep. Regular maintenance of the greenery is integrated into the condominium’s operational routine. Beyond their environmental function, the planters also provide thermal and acoustic comfort. They filter excess solar radiation, reduce surface temperatures, mitigate city noise, and enhance privacy. Each apartment has direct access to its suspended garden through wide balconies that extend almost the entire perimeter. Large sliding panels open onto the greenery, creating seamless transitions between interior and exterior. The vegetation acts as a buffer between private and public spaces, enhancing residents’ well-being.

▼立面绿化，vertical greening of the facade© Evelyn Muller

▼立面近景，closer view of the facade© Evelyn Muller

在首层，植物配置以适应过渡空间且易于维护的小型与中型物种为主。主要包括垂坠花序的白花Russelia（Russelia equisetiformis）、山羊须草（Aristida longiseta）以及作为地被的沿阶草（Liriope muscari）。紧凑型灌木如迷你香桃木（Myrtus communis）、海桐（Pittosporum tobira）与星花茉莉（Jasminum nitidum）为空间增添质感与香气，而蔓绿绒类植物（如Philodendron davidsonii与Philodendron xanadu）则提供更强的体量感与密度。从2层至22层，植被构成连续的“活立面”，以蔓绿绒（P. davidsonii与P. xanadu）、白花Russelia与山羊须草交替种植。地被植物如兔脚蕨（Davallia fejeensis）与沿阶草确保覆盖的完整性，而迷你香桃木、海桐与星花茉莉等灌木则进一步丰富了整体的肌理层次。

On the first floor, the vegetation consists of small and medium-sized species adapted to transitional spaces and low maintenance. Highlights include white russelia (Russelia equisetiformis) with its pendulous flowers, goat’s beard grass (Aristida longiseta), and Jamaica lily turf (Liriope muscari) as ground cover. Compact shrubs such as mini cherry (Myrtus communis), mini pittosporum (Pittosporum tobira), and star jasmine (Jasminum nitidum) add texture and fragrance, while philodendrons such as Philodendron davidsonii and Philodendron xanadu provide density and volume. From the 2nd to the 22nd floor, the vegetation creates a continuous living façade, alternating philodendrons (P. davidsonii and P. xanadu), white russelia, and goat’s beard grass. Ground covers like rabbit’s foot fern (Davallia fejeensis) and green lily turf ensure uniform coverage, while shrubs such as mini cherry, mini pittosporum, and star jasmine enhance textural diversity.

▼首层植物配置以适应过渡空间且易于维护的小型与中型物种为主，

the vegetation consists of small and medium-sized species adapted to transitional spaces and low maintenance© Evelyn Muller

▼底层的紧凑型灌木，the compact shrubs at the bottom© Evelyn Muller

▼景观细部，details of the landscape© Evelyn Muller

在街道层面，景观在建筑基座沿线形成一条线性花园，与入口大厅相结合，并通过木质遮阳构件加以保护。该花园作为城市空间与室内大堂之间的过渡界面，为行人提供更加柔和、宜人的街道体验。首层植物配置体现了对植物多样性、城市适应性以及视觉构成的综合考量。本土乔木如黄花风铃木（Handroanthus chrysotricha）、白花风铃木（H. roseo-alba）、紫花风铃木（H. heptaphyla）以及Mirindiba（Lafoensia glyptocarpa）不仅提升生物多样性，也提供必要的遮荫。果树如乌瓦亚（Eugenia pyriformis）、嘉宝果（Myciaria trunciflora）和巴西樱桃（Eugenia uniflora）则增强了居民的感官体验，并强化了与可食植物的联系。

At street level, landscaping intensifies in a linear garden along the building’s base, integrated with the entrance hall and protected by wooden brise-soleils. This garden serves as a transition between urban space and lobby, offering pedestrians a softer, more pleasant street experience. The plant selection at the ground level reflects a concern for botanical diversity, urban resilience, and visual composition. Native trees such as Golden Trumpet Tree (Handroanthus chrysotricha), White Ipê (H. roseo-alba), Purple Ipê (H. heptaphyla), and Mirindiba (Lafoensia glyptocarpa) contribute to biodiversity and shading. Fruit-bearing trees like uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis), jabuticaba (Myciaria trunciflora), and pitanga (Eugenia uniflora) foster a sensory connection for residents and reinforce the link to edible species.

▼入口，entrance© Evelyn Muller

▼入口绿化，landscape of the entrance© Evelyn Muller

▼花坛细部，details of the planter© Evelyn Muller

▼绿化，landscape© Evelyn Muller

▼无障碍设计，designed for the disabled people© Evelyn Muller

▼格柵，grille facade© Evelyn Muller

▼露台，terrace© Evelyn Muller

▼垂坠的绿幕，the flowing green screen© Evelyn Muller

▼细部，details© Evelyn Muller

▼仰视棚架，looking up to the canopy© Evelyn Muller

作为补充，小型与中型灌木丰富了整体层次，包括绿叶龙血树（Pleomele reflexa）、天堂鸟（Strelitzia augusta）、环花姜（Cyclanthus bipartitus）、毛竹（Phyllostachys edulis）、丛生竹（Bambusa multiplex）、红姜花（Etlingera elatior）、黄素馨（Jasminum mesnyi）以及多种蔓绿绒（如P. undulatum、P. davidsonii、P. bipinnatifidum），为空间带来多样的肌理与体量变化。地被植物如花生草（Arachis repens）、沿阶草与兔脚蕨则强化了景观系统的连续性。这一多层次的植物配置在尺度、生物多样性与视觉动态之间取得平衡，营造出更加丰富的地面环境体验。

Complementing the composition are small- and medium-sized shrubs such as green pleomele (Pleomele reflexa), strelitzia (Strelitzia augusta), cyclanthus (Cyclanthus bipartitus), moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), Bambusa multiplex, red torch ginger (Etlingera elatior), yellow jasmine (Jasminum mesnyi), and various philodendrons (P. undulatum, P. davidsonii, P. bipinnatifidum), adding texture and volumetric variation. Ground covers like peanut grass (Arachis repens), green lily turf, and rabbit’s foot fern reinforce the continuity of the landscaping system. This multi-layered palette balances scale, biodiversity, and visual dynamics, creating a richer environmental experience at the ground level.

▼室内泳池，indoor pool© Evelyn Muller

▼户外泳池，outdoor pool© Evelyn Muller

通过在立面上叠合与延展绿化系统，Leopoldo 1201提出了一种整合建筑、景观与城市的新方式。这一策略与当代国际实践相呼应，重新定义了高密度城市中植被的角色，也证明了在垂直建造的同时，依然可以让自然得以生长。

By bringing greenery to the façades through overlapping and continuous planes, Leopoldo 1201 proposes a new way of articulating architecture, landscape, and city. This approach aligns with contemporary international practices redefining the role of vegetation in dense urban contexts. Like globally recognized green buildings, the project demonstrates that it is possible to build vertically without sacrificing nature.▼立面夜景，night view of the facade© Evelyn Muller

▼底部楼层夜景，night view of the ground floors© Evelyn Muller

▼入口夜景，night view of the entrance© Evelyn Muller

Data Sheet

Project: Landscaping at Leopoldo 1201 Building

Location: São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Completion Year: 2021

Built Area: 10,974 m²

Architecture: aflalo/gasperini arquitetos

Landscape Design: Rodrigo Oliveira Paisagismo

Communications / Text: Matheus Pereira Comunicação

Photography: Evelyn Muller