皮尼亚特利水库城市更新项目丨西班牙萨拉戈萨丨Héctor Fernández Elorza

该项目对萨拉戈萨原皮尼亚特利水库的城市开发，源于市政府发起的一项公共竞赛，旨在将这一城市“空白地带”重新纳入城市结构，并延伸既有的皮尼亚特利公园。皮尼亚特利水库建于19世纪末，最初用于从帝国运河向城市南部供水。基地面积约30,000平方米，原有四个露天蓄水池（每个约125×40米、深4米），总蓄水量达80,000立方米。此外，还保留并整合了若干与水处理和储存相关的历史构筑物，包括看守人住宅、地下过滤拱室以及由33个砖砌十字拱组成的清水蓄水池。

The urban development of the Former Pignatelli Reservoirs in Zaragoza is the result of a public competition organized by the Zaragoza City Council to incorporate this urban void into the city’s fabric, extending the existing Pignatelli Park.The Pignatelli Reservoirs were built in the late 19th century in response to the need to supply water to the southern part of the city of Zaragoza from the Imperial Canal. Within the site, covering 30,000 m², there were four large open-air water reservoirs measuring 125 × 40 m and 4 m deep, with a total storage capacity of 80,000 m³ among the four. In addition, there were other structures dedicated to water treatment and storage, which have been preserved and integrated into the development: the caretaker’s house, the underground filtration vault, and the cistern where clean water was stored, a space consisting of 33 brick groin vaults.

▼场地鸟瞰，aerial view of the site©Montse Zamorano

项目被构想为一个“水利系统”，以此组织整体空间结构。设计强调“水”这一原初媒介的身份，将昔日的供水功能转化为当代以水为核心的公共休闲空间，使场地在更新中延续其历史特质与记忆。原有水池的遗迹被转化为三个各具特征的空间区域，水在其中始终扮演主导角色。▼分析图，analysis diagram© Héctor Fernández Elorza

The project is conceived as a hydraulic system that organizes the different parts of the proposal. It is a space that emphasizes the identity of water as the medium that gave rise to the Reservoirs, where the former need for water supply is transformed into a contemporary recreational use of water, so that the site does not lose its original identity and character. The traces of the former reservoirs are transformed into three differentiated areas, each with a distinct manifestation of water, in which it always plays the leading role.

▼改造后水库公园，the reconstructed reservoir park©Montse Zamorano

第一水池：水景湖

First reservoir: the pond

一个99×41米的水体被打造为城市新的公共休闲场所。该区域围绕水展开多样活动，如码头、可航行水域及水上运动。水池分为两个层次：中央为深度约50厘米的可航行水面，并设有800个喷雾喷头以调节微气候；周边则布置平台与多个自然化小水池，内含水生植物与动物，提升生态多样性。

▼轴测图，axonometric drawing© Héctor Fernández Elorza

A body of water measuring 99 by 41 meters, conceived as a new leisure space for the city of Zaragoza. A landscape where programs related to water are developed, such as piers, navigable areas, and water sports. Two differentiated zones are proposed. The central area, occupying most of the basin, is a navigable water surface with a depth of 50 cm. At its center, 800 nozzles release misted water, cooling the urban environment. Along the perimeter, a band alternates platforms overlooking the central area with smaller ponds. These ponds, with a natural character, include aquatic vegetation and fauna, enhancing the park’s biodiversity.

▼第一水池：水景湖，first reservoir: the pond©Montse Zamorano

▼水景湖顶视图，top view of thethe pond©Montse Zamorano

第二水池：带状花园

Second reservoir: the banded garden

该区域尺度更为亲切，适合日常休闲。空间以不同宽度的条带组织，包括野生草甸景观、儿童活动区（铺设硅砂）、手工砖步道（呼应原水池挡墙材料）、以及一个以水与植被为核心的中央广场。广场内设有嵌入式喷泉装置，形成可变高度的水景效果，同时降低夏季温度；六个抬升种植池结合环形座椅，增强停留体验。两侧金属结构支架供攀缘植物生长，形成遮荫的绿色立面。整体种植以落叶果树为主，按网格系统交替布置。▼分析图，analysis diagram© Héctor Fernández Elorza

This space adopts a more domestic scale, ideal for leisurely use. The garden is organized into bands of varying width, including the following areas:– Landscaped zones with wild meadow vegetation at the northern and southern ends, acting as a transition between walkways and children’s play areas.– Two large children’s activity areas with silica sand paving.– Walkways paved with handmade brick, similar in appearance and tone to that used in the construction of the retaining walls of the former reservoirs.– A central square where, once again, vegetation and water take center stage. Two rectangular areas with water jets integrated into the brick paving create playful water effects of varying height, cooling the atmosphere during warm months. At the center, six raised planting beds are arranged, each with seating around its perimeter and shrub and flowering vegetation inside.– Flanking the central square are two metal structures that allow climbing vegetation to grow, forming green walls that provide shade. The entire space is densely planted with deciduous fruit trees, alternating species and arranged according to a grid.

▼金属结构雨棚，metal structure canopy©Montse Zamorano

▼泳池，the pool©Montse Zamorano

▼步道，the walkway©Montse Zamorano

第三水池：露天剧场

Third reservoir: the amphitheater

通过地形塑造，该空间被构建为一个露天剧场。种植表面经过精细建模，整合了四条主要步道以及多个通往不同观演席位的入口。树木以自然且多样的方式种植，体量高大、树冠开阔，营造出类似大型柱厅的空间氛围。水再次成为主导元素：在剧场最低点设置了一处种植睡莲类水生植物的水池，舞台平台仿佛漂浮其上，呈现出真正的“水上剧场”。舞台上方覆盖着一座具有大尺度悬挑的金属结构雨棚，其折板金属屋面强化了这一公园核心空间的标志性。

A topography is created to shape this space as an amphitheater. The planted surface is modeled, integrating four main walkways and multiple access points to the different seating areas arranged within. The trees, planted in a natural and varied manner, are large in scale with high canopies, creating a space reminiscent of a large hypostyle hall. Water once again plays a leading role, with a pond containing water-lily-type aquatic vegetation located at the lowest point of the amphitheater. The stage platform appears to float above the pond, like a true water theater. A canopy with a metal structure and folded metal sheet roofing, featuring a large cantilever, covers the stage, emphasizing one of the park’s main areas.

▼折板金属屋面，sheet metal roof panel©Montse Zamorano

为了将三个主要区域串联起来，设计构建了一套纵横交织的步道系统。南北两条纵向主路径贯穿整个公园，中央为采用Calatorao骨料的露骨料混凝土带，两侧则为Jaulín碎石铺装带，并结合种植高大的落叶乔木。四条横向路径连接纵向步道，同时划分三个主要空间。这些横向路径种植尺度较小的落叶树，并采用连续的Jaulín碎石铺装，延续纵向路径两侧的材料体系。

In order to stitch together the three main areas, a network of walkways is provided, organized longitudinally and transversely. The two north and south longitudinal paths run the full length of the park. They feature a central band of exposed aggregate concrete with Calatorao aggregate, and two side bands paved with crushed Jaulín stone. Large deciduous trees are integrated into these side bands. The four transverse paths connect the longitudinal ones and separate the three main spaces. They include deciduous trees of smaller scale than those along the longitudinal paths and continuous paving of crushed Jaulín stone, extending the side bands of the longitudinal paths.

▼露天剧场顶视图，top view of the amphitheater©Montse Zamorano

第一条横向路径与既有的皮尼亚特利公园相连接。为保证绿地系统的连续性，设计利用了场地0至5.75米的高差条件，对部分历史挡墙进行修复与加固，并设置连续栏杆以统一各段空间。栏杆中整合金属拉索结构，使攀缘植物得以生长，形成新的绿色立面。沿墙布置了一系列标志性节点，包括公园入口标识、连接看守人住宅对侧北向主路径的主楼梯，以及一个设有悬挑金属雨棚、俯瞰公园步道的阶梯式观景平台。

The first transverse path establishes a connection with the existing Pignatelli Park. To ensure continuity of the green area, one of the site’s opportunities is utilized: its change in elevation, ranging from 0 m to 5.75 m. Part of the historic retaining wall is restored and reinforced, incorporating a continuous railing that unifies the different sections. This railing integrates metal tension cables that allow climbing vegetation to grow, creating a new green wall. Along the wall, several distinctive elements appear: the park entrance sign, the main staircase connecting to the northern longitudinal path opposite the caretaker’s house, and a stepped viewing area with a metal canopy cantilevering over the Pignatelli Park walkway.

▼带状花园顶视图，top view of the banded garden©Montse Zamorano

在整体开发过程中，优先使用本地材料，以降低生态足迹。大部分铺装采用透水材料，促进雨水直接渗入地下。同时，将公园整体视为一个大型水文系统，特别强调将径流处理作为设计手段之一。项目通过将雨水引入地下碎石渗透沟，并借助两口渗井实现缓慢入渗，从而减轻城市排水系统的压力。最终，项目旨在将原本服务于蓄水的基础设施及其运行逻辑，转化为以水为核心的休闲与文化城市基础设施，构建具有当代意义的公共活动场所。

Throughout the development, the use of local materials is prioritized, reducing the ecological footprint. A large portion of the pavements used are porous, promoting direct infiltration into the ground. In addition, by understanding the park as a large hydraulic system, special attention is given to the treatment of runoff water as a design tool. The project seeks to relieve the sewage network by channeling rainwater into underground gravel infiltration trenches which, thanks to two wells, allow for the gradual infiltration of water into the soil. Ultimately, the project aims to transform the original infrastructures and processes of the reservoirs, linked to water storage, into recreational and cultural urban infrastructures with water-related urban programs.

▼夜景，night view©Montse Zamorano

▼区位图，location plan© Héctor Fernández Elorza

▼总平面图，master plan© Héctor Fernández Elorza

▼露天剧场平面图，plan of the amphitheater© Héctor Fernández Elorza

▼带状花园平面图，plan of the banded garden© Héctor Fernández Elorza

▼水景湖平面图，plan of thethe pond© Héctor Fernández Elorza

▼剖面图，sections© Héctor Fernández Elorza

Urban Development Project for Area G-33-2 “Former Pignatelli Reservoirs”, Zaragoza

DEPÓSITOS DE PIGNATELLI

PROJECT INFORMATION

Architects: Héctor Fernández Elorza

Collaborators: Javier Moraleda Perulero (Arquitecto), Ana Sebastià Puig (Arquitecta), Aitana San José Aguilera (Arquitecta), María Risueño Domínguez (Arquitecta), Ismael Medina Manzano (Arquitecto), Ignacio Delgado Conde (Arquitecto técnico), Félix Royo Millán (Ingeniero de Caminos), Inmaculada Urriés Ortiz (Ingeniera Industrial), Alejandro Bernabeu (Estructuras), Josué García (Estructuras)

Construction company: Grupo MLN

Site: Parque Depósitos de Torrero. C/ Santiago Guallar, 4. Zaragoza

Competition: 2018

Project: 2020

Start of construction: junio de 2021

End of construction: marzo de 2023

Client: Ayuntamiento de Zaragoza

Intervention surface: 27.394 m²

Budget: 4.853.493 euros

Picture credits: Montse Zamorano