Mill 19:具有催化作用的后工业景观丨美国匹兹堡丨TENxTEN + D.I.R.T. Studio

Mill 19: A Catalytic Postindustrial Landscape | TEN x TEN + D.I.R.T. Studio

项目陈述

PROJECT STATEMENT

Mill 19是匹兹堡从传统钢铁工业城市迈向可持续先进制造业的重要象征。项目通过大胆的适应性再利用策略，在一座已停用钢铁厂的遗址之中，将面向Hazelwood Green社区的公共空间与城市迅速发展的机器人产业紧密交织在一起。项目以一系列相互衔接的户外空间序列迎接公众，这些空间被长达1360英尺的钢结构厂房框架以及其中设置的三座多租户建筑共同界定。景观设计以富有前瞻性的可持续策略为核心，通过沉浸式的空间体验将生态功能与社会活动有机结合。由再生材料构建的多种景观设施为公众提供了聚会、游憩与沉思的场所，使工业遗址在新的城市语境中焕发出持续的公共活力。

Mill 19 is a living emblem of Pittsburgh’s transformation from its industrial steel-making past to a future of sustainable advanced manufacturing. Through a bold approach to adaptive reuse, the project viscerally interweaves new spaces for the Hazelwood Green community and the city’s robotics industry within the ruins of a decommissioned steel mill. The project welcomes the public through a series of linked exterior experiences framed between the 1,360-foot-long superstructure and three multi-tenant buildings sited within it. The visionary landscape celebrates experiential sustainable design strategies that support both ecological and social functions. Features made from reclaimed materials support public gathering, play, and reflection.

▲Mill 19是一项占地5英亩的更新项目，将原J&L钢铁厂改造为位于匹兹堡市中心南侧的可持续高科技创新区。Mill 19 is the 5-acre catalytic transformation of former J&L Steel into a sustainable, high-tech innovation district south of downtown Pittsburgh. © Gaffer Photography

项目说明

PROJECT NARRATIVE

愿景

Mill 19位项目于Hazelwood Green的核心位置——这里是匹兹堡规模最大的滨河开发区，坐落于莫农加希拉河与Hazelwood社区之间。作为推动区域更新的重要项目，Mill 19依托原J&L钢铁公司旧址转型为可持续先进制造研究中心的契机，带动了占地175英亩棕地的整体再开发。

项目以大胆的适应性再利用策略为核心，将这座长达四分之一英里的标志性钢结构骨架转化为沉浸式公共景观与绿色基础设施的骨架体系。景观设计团队在结构拆解与保留之间寻找平衡，通过尺度适宜的景观介入凸显结构的构造特征，并在开阔的碎石场地与湿地花园之间营造可供停留、探索与休憩的公共空间。

钢结构南端以South Porch为核心，这里是一处公共广场，可举办露天电影、音乐会和舞蹈演出。自此向北延伸的是一条连续的柱廊空间，将社区引入一系列公共活动空间，包括可停留的平台、设置L形钢梁秋千的内退式空间、再生混凝土台阶露台、社交休憩区、公共艺术装置以及漂浮式步道。

垂直交通系统以醒目的黄色桥梁、楼梯和观景平台构成，它们穿行于钢结构骨架之间，为游客提供俯瞰匹兹堡市中心的壮观视野。

韧性

项目通过多种可持续景观策略，助力实现LEED-NC v4金级认证目标，包括再利用场地材料、雨洪管理设施以及以本土植物为主的种植设计，从而最大化碳汇能力、传粉昆虫栖息地与生物多样性。

由于场地南端土壤受到污染，雨水无法直接渗透入地下，这一限制既是项目面临的最大挑战，也成为设计创新的重要契机。柱廊空间沿线设置了一条12英尺宽的水渠，将约110万加仑雨水通过一系列湿地滞留池与渗透池进行可视化输送与处理。在强降雨条件下，多余雨水会被收集至地下蓄水池，并在之后用于补充景观水体，通过蒸发再次回到环境中。通过渗透、储存、滞留与蒸发等多种策略的综合运用，项目实现了87%的雨水就地管理。

从原有钢结构中回收的钢材被重新加工为定制家具与场地构筑物。原有混凝土板被再利用为阶梯式露台；铁路枕木和破碎混凝土被用作非正式铺装与花园覆盖材料；而来自旧挡土墙的混凝土防护块与回收石灰岩巨石则构成了水渠的边界。

影响

匹兹堡最后一家钢铁厂的关闭，使当地居民一度对社区未来充满不确定感。Mill 19的设计目标之一，是创造一个面向社区、开放包容的公共空间，让曾在城市发展进程中感到被忽视的居民重新参与其中。

设计在宏大的工业结构之中融入以人为尺度的空间体验，既尊重工业遗产，也通过富有趣味与沉浸感的景观环境，为公众提供可游憩、可表演、可参与的公共空间，并创造更加清洁、安全的活动环境。

在社区参与式公共艺术遴选过程中，设计团队倾听了社区在经济转型中所经历的困难，并通过艺术装置强化居民对场地的共同归属感、疗愈与社区自豪感，使Mill 19成为连接工业历史与未来发展的重要公共象征。

▲景观中设置了下沉式休憩空间、L形钢梁秋千以及工作桌等设施，为人们提供多样化的交流、协作与停留场所。Sunken lounges, L-beam swings, and worktables are integrated throughout the landscape, offering a range of gathering areas to gather and work. © Gaffer Photography

▲种植设计体现了后工业景观顽强而自由生长的特质，在提供生态服务的同时保持低维护需求。The planting design embodies the unruly and tenacious qualities of post-industrial landscapes, providing low maintenance ecological services. © Gaffer Photography

▲磨坊建筑南侧与西侧边缘保留了通高的开放空间廊道，形成极具张力的公共活动空间，可供人们攀爬、停留与休憩。Full height corridors of open space along the south and west edges of the Mill create dramatic spaces for public engagement; to climb, hover and rest. © Gaffer Photography

▲设计延续并呈现工厂的工业遗产，通过使用再生材料构建新的景观空间，向劳动历史致敬。The design embodies the Mill’s industrial legacy and celebrates the history of labor through providing new landscapes made from reclaimed materials. © TEN x TEN

▲一条线性延展的柱廊空间沿建筑西侧展开，在两个以活动为核心的“门廊广场”之间串联起一系列独特的景观空间。A long linear Loggia weaves a diverse set of unique landscapes along the western edge of the Mill between two event-focused “porches”. © TEN x TEN

▲长达四分之一英里的水渠穿行其间，通过覆盖再生混凝土碎块的湿地花园，实现雨水的渗透、滞留与收集过程的可视化。A ¼-mile long water channel visibly infiltrates, retains, and collects rainwater through wetland gardens blanketed with recycled concrete rubble. © Gaffer Photography

▲South Porch是位于建筑南端的重要公共聚集空间，原有的装卸码头被改造为大型活动舞台。The South Porch is an iconic gathering space that anchors the southern end of the Mill. The former loading dock serves as a large stage for events. © Gaffer Photography

▲由社区遴选的艺术家Vanessa German创作了公共艺术作品《Spirit House》，以纪念那些希望在此留下生活印记的社区居民。Community-selected artist, Vanessa German, created “Spirit House” to honor neighbors who wanted the site to be marked with evidence of their lives. © TEN x TEN, Gaffer Photography

▲设计将巨型钢结构骨架纳入景观体系之中，在尊重工业历史的同时创造新的空间与体验。The design integrates the mammoth steel structure as part of the landscape, honoring a rich history while providing new spaces and experiences. © Gaffer Photography

▲钢材、混凝土及各类工业遗存被系统清点并回收，再利用为定制家具与场地设施。Steel, concrete, and industrial artifacts were inventoried and salvaged for reuse as custom furniture elements and features. © Gaffer Photography

▲项目的可持续策略包括材料再利用、雨洪管理以及适应扰动环境的花园设计，重点强化碳汇能力。Sustainability strategies include material reuse, stormwater management, and disturbance-adapted gardens focused on carbon sequestration. © TEN x TEN, Atelier Ten

▲地面空间通过简洁的设计介入进行组织，并利用再生材料构建结构框架。本土植物穿插其间，使景观随时间呈现动态变化。The ground is organized by simple interventions using reclaimed materials. Native planting interrupts the elements, seeding dynamic change over time. © TEN x TEN

▲通过对工业遗存的回收、筛选与克制运用，景观设计将这些材料转化为定制家具与空间构筑物。Through salvaging, editing, and restraint, the landscape design integrates custom furniture and features made from post-industrial remnants. © Gaffer Photography, TEN x TEN

▲醒目的黄色桥梁、楼梯与观景平台穿行于钢结构骨架与花园之间，为人们提供停留、探索与休憩的空间。Dynamic yellow bridges, stairs, and overlooks weave through the exoskeleton and gardens providing places to gather, explore, and relax. © Gaffer Photography

▲Mill 19项目已成为匹兹堡从钢铁之城向机器人之城转型的重要象征。Mill 19 is a living emblem of Pittsburgh’s transformation from a steel city to a robotics city. © Gaffer Photography

PROJECT NARRATIVE

VISION

Mill 19 sits at the heart of Hazelwood Green, Pittsburgh’s largest riverfront development nestled between the Monongahela River and the Hazelwood community. Mill 19 is a catalytic project that leverages the transformation of the former J&L Steel Company into a sustainable advanced manufacturing research center to spur redevelopment of an expansive 175-acre brownfield site.

The project celebrates a bold approach to adaptive reuse by exposing the iconic ¼ mile-long steel skeleton as a new immersive public landscape and green infrastructure armature. The landscape architects identified opportunities for deconstruction and preservation of the exoskeleton, scaling landscape interventions to celebrate the tectonics of the structure and provide opportunities to gather, explore, and relax amidst expansive wild rubble and wetland gardens.

Anchoring the southern end of the Mill is the South Porch, a public plaza that hosts outdoor movies, concerts, and dance performances. A continuous Loggia runs north from the South Porch, welcoming the community into a series of gathering spaces that include occupiable platforms, alcoves with L-beam swings, reclaimed concrete terraces, social lounges, public art installations, and floating walkways. Vertical circulation takes the form of dynamic yellow bridges, stairs, and overlooks that weave through the exoskeleton and provide spectacular views of Downtown.

RESILIENCE

A range of sustainable landscape strategies help the project meet LEED-NC v4 gold certification goals, including recycled site materials, stormwater management facilities, and native plantings designed to maximize carbon sequestration, pollinator habitat, and biodiversity. The inability to infiltrate stormwater above contaminated soils in the southern end of the Mill was the site’s most significant constraint and greatest opportunity. A new 12’-wide water channel runs along the Loggia and visibly conveys 1.1 million gallons of rainwater through a sequence of wetland retention basins and infiltration basins. Overflow from larger rain events is collected in an underground cistern to refill the water features for later evaporation. The combination of infiltration, storage, retention, and evaporation strategies allows 87% of the stormwater to be managed on-site.

Salvaged steel from the exoskeleton was reassembled as custom furniture and site elements. The design repurposed the original concrete slab for stepped terraces, rail ties, and crushed “rubble” for informal surfacing materials and garden mulch. Concrete bunker blocks and reclaimed limestone boulders from an old retaining wall frame the water channel.

IMPACT

The closure of the last operating steel mill in Pittsburgh left a wake of uncertainty about the future for the community’s residents. Mill 19’s design approach was to provide a community-facing space that engages and welcomes the residents who have felt excluded from progress happening in recent years. The design integrates human-scaled moments in a monumental setting, honoring industrial legacy while providing playful, immersive, and performative landscapes that offer a cleaner, safer environment for play and inhabitation. Through a community-engaged public art selection process, the design team listened to the struggles caused by changing economic conditions and provided art installations that uplifted communal ownership, healing, and pride in their community heritage at Mill 19.