上海交运智慧湾 3D 打印景观桥 | 万年轮，创意与科技的完美结合

从过去到未来，人类在建造工程领域的3D打印探索从未停止，从地球到月球，从月球到火星。随着SPACEX一次又一次试飞成功，让整个世界充满想象。火星移民似乎成为了人类下一个征途的终点。然而，大部分的居住畅想也只是停留在纸上，3D打印在过去几年建造行业实现的绝大多数案例仅用于示范目的。3D打印工程应用能否不再作为一个静态展示，而是更具互动性与功能性？作为本案探索的一个起点，我们希望以此尝试新的智能建造可能性。

From the past to the future, the human 3D print exploration in construction engineering has never stopped, from the Earth to the Moon, from the Moon to Mars. With the success of the SPACE X test flight, the world fills the imagination. Martian immigrants seem to become the next step of humanity’s journey. However, most of the design concepts are only stay on paper; most 3D printed architectural cases in the past few years are only for demonstration purposes. Can 3D printing engineering applications no longer be static displays but more interactive and functional? As a starting point for the exploration, we hope to find some new intelligent construction possibilities.

▼桥闭合态东侧鸟瞰图 Bridge Closed Mode East Aerial View © BLUA

▼桥闭合态西侧人视图 Bridge Closed Mode West Perspective View © BLUA

本设计以一个机械油压联动转轴钢结构系统结合增材制造的面板形成一种全新形式的景观桥。该桥为世界首个运用3D打印技术制造的可伸缩景观人行桥。

The design is to create a new form of landscape bridge with mechanical oil pressure rotating system as a steel structure cover with 3d printing panels. The bridge is the world’s first 3D printing stretchable landscape pedestrian bridge.

▼桥开启全展开态西侧人视图 Bridge Full Open Mode West Perspective View © BLUA

▼桥闭合态东南侧人视图 Bridge Closed Mode South West Perspective View © BLUA

项目位于上海张庙街道辖区北部、沿蕰藻浜岸线的交运老码头——一号创新带交运智慧湾科创园。园区西门紧邻共和新路北端，距离轨交1号线呼兰路站仅有200米远。园区内的上海首个星空高架公园是与纽约高线公园类似的线型空中花园，里面保留了七个塔吊，分布位置恰好与北斗七星的形状一致。园区内湖位于高架公园下方，有锦鲤在湖中悠然嬉戏，3D打印的景观伸缩桥作为连接沿河步行道与高线廊道，跨越园内湖的必经之路。

The project is located at the north of Shanghai Zhangmiao Street, along the Wenzaobin Coastline — No.1 Innovation Belt Baoshan Wisdom Bay Science and Technology Park.

The park’s west gate is close to the north end of Gonghe New Road, only 200 meters away from Hulan Road Station of Metro Line 1. Shanghai’s first star Highline park is a linear air garden similar to New York Highline Park, retaining seven tower cranes just in the shape of the Big Dipper. The lake in the park is located below Highline park. There are Jin carp playing leisurely in the lake. The 3D printed stretchable landscaped pedestrian bridge is the only way connecting the walking road along the river and the Highline Park.

▼桥开启态西侧鸟瞰图 Bridge Full Open Mode West Aerial View © BLUA

▼桥开启态东侧鸟瞰图 Bridge Full Open Mode East Aerial View © BLUA

▼桥收缩态西南侧人视图， Bridge Rolling Mode South West Perspective view © BLUA

▼桥闭合态东侧人视渲染图 Bridge Closed Mode East Perspective Rendering © BLUA

该作品取名为《万年轮》，桥长9.34米，宽1.5米，高1.1米，桥仅重850公斤，分为9段可伸缩片段。桥2侧扶手共36片三角形面板，桥正反两面共17片四边形面板。3D打印面板有多重设计，各有不同的寓意。作为扶手的三角形装饰面板创造一个向外扩散水纹涟漪的旋涡聚气造型，水生万物，熠熠生辉。水平向的打印层纹肌理将涟漪起伏所呈现的渐变效果刻画的异常细腻。桥面开启时，9片面板一字排开，面板既作为桥的整体装饰，又作为安全护栏。桥面收起时，9片面板依次收拢呈满月形状，夜晚面板扶手里的LED灯点亮，倒影映射而出宛若一轮明月，美轮美奂；白昼之时，日光照射，波光潋滟，曲线的层次犹然而生，如同轮船涡轮，屹立在码头，鸣航启程。

The bridge is named ” Eternal Wheel,” it is 9.34 meters long, 1.5 meters wide, and 1.1 m in height. It only weighs 850 kg which is divided into nine pieces. The two sides of the bridge have 36 triangular panels and 17 quadrangle panels on the positive and opposite sides of the bridge. The 3D print panels have multiple designs, each with different meanings. The triangular decorative panel as the armrest creates a vortex gathering pattern of water ripples. Water is the source of everything, catching the light of the sun. The horizontal print layer depicts the gradient effect of the waves. When the bridge deck is opened, the nine double-sided plates are arranged. The panel is not only as of the overall decoration but also as a safety guardrail. When the bridge deck closed, the nine double-sided boards, in turn, closed with a full moon shape. When the LED turns on at night, the reflection map turns out like a bright moon, stunning; in the daytime, glistening light of waves reflect the sunlight, the level of curves is alive, like a ship turbine, standing in the dock, whistle with departure.

▼3D打印面板细部 3D print panel detail © BLUA

▼桥收缩态西南侧人视图 Bridge Rolling Mode South West Perspective view © BLUA

▼桥收缩态西北侧人视图 Bridge Rolling Mode North West Perspective view © BLUA

▼桥身3D打印过程图 Panel 3D printing process © BLUA

园内湖的形状和高线廊道的观景平台边界酷似葫芦造型。由古至今葫芦都是中国祥兆的典型代表，桥面的正反两侧面板，描画的是国画大家齐白石与吴昌硕先生的名作。正面以齐白石先生1943年时所画的《葫芦万代》，背面以吴昌硕先生1921年时所画的《依样葫芦图轴》为创作元素，采用非线性算法将两位大师的画幅通过数字化编程并以3D打印的形式呈现，似旧画新生，在波光粼粼的水面如一幅卷轴乘风而起，以福禄永寿的葫芦万代图徐徐展开，以昌盛圆满的依样福禄图缓缓合卷。犹有紫气东来，一片祥和，渐变舒展的纹理既具有装饰性，同时又增加了人行走的摩擦稳定性，起到防滑的作用。

The shape of the lake and the viewing platform are similar to the gourd shape. From ancient times to nowadays, the gourd is the typical representative of a promising Chinese sign. The positive and opposite sides of the bridge deck depict the famous works of Qi Baishi and Wu Changshuo, the masters of traditional Chinese painting. The front is Mr. Qi Baishi’s painting in 1943 “gourd generation”, and the back is Mr. Wu Changshuo’s in 1921 according to the” gourd axis ” as creative elements. We use a nonlinear algorithm to 3D printing the two master’s pieces through digital programming, like the old new painting, in the sparkling water like a scroll by the wind, to FuLu longevity gourd generation figure slowly, to prosper the sample slowly roll. Still purple east, a peaceful, gradual stretch of the printing layer has both decorative and increased friction stability of people walking, playing anti-skid.

▼桥面设计概念及算法生成 Design Concept & Algorithm Process © BLUA

▼桥面3D打印过程图 Panel 3D printing process © BLUA

桥的开启状态可通过手机蓝牙可控制，按下按钮，只需一分钟就能将其打开，供人通行使用。桥可同时承载20人，安装有重力自动预警系统。以桥梁为载体，将装饰性与功能性结合，将中华传统文化艺术与数字化智造科技碰撞，产生了一场完美的视觉盛宴。

The opening state of the bridge can be controlled through Bluetooth. Press the button; the bridge can be opened in a minute. The bridge can carry 20 people at the same time, installed with an automatic gravity warning system. As a sample, the combination of decoration and functionality, the traditional Chinese culture and art, and intelligent digital manufacturing technology collision has produced a perfect visual feast.

▼桥收缩态西侧夜景渲染图 Bridge Rolling Mode West Perspective Night Rendering © BLUA

该桥为我国独立自主研发的龙门式增减材6轴混合制造一体机加工而成。全部面板打印完成周期仅3天。该设备采用热熔FDM打印工艺，用现代的3D打印技术重新演绎中国古代《天工开物》花机针织的魅力。仅3毫米的打印层纹肌理如丝般细腻，流畅顺滑。打印材料为德国科思创Makrolon碳酸聚酯与多种高分子材料混合而成的PC复合材料。碳酸聚酯（阳光板材）作为一种高性能的户外建筑材料，其比重比钢轻却仍具有极高的结构抗拉性。在建材上使用碳酸聚酯搭配玻璃纤维混合形成PC复合材料同时具备玻璃纤维的抗拉性与碳酸聚酯的抗压性等优势。PC复合面板是目前少数可由多轴龙门机床全自动生产强度高于钢的建筑构件，此技术包含了数控机床，材料工程，有限元结构计算等为当今最先进的技术应用结晶。通过融合先进的增减材一体化技术，为建筑新材料、新结构、新工艺的探索和突破提供了无限的想象空间。

▼中国古代花机针织图 China Classic Knitting ©《天工开物》

The bridge is made of 6-axis hybrid Additive Manufacturing & CNC machining developed in China. All panels’ print completion is only three days. The device uses FDM 3D printing technology to reconstruct the charm of China classic knitting. The printing layer is only 3mm, very smooth. The printed material is a PC composite of German Covestro Makrolon carbonate mixed with a variety of polymer materials. Polycarbonate (sunshine plate) is a high-performance outdoor building material; its proportion is lighter than steel but highly structural. Using carbonate with glass fiber to form PC composite has tensile resistance of glass fiber and compression resistance of carbonate polyester. The PC composite panel is the few building components produced by multi-axis gantry type mechanical strength higher than steel. This technology includes CNC machine tools, material engineering, finite element structure calculation for the most advanced technology application crystallization. The integration of advanced integration technology of Additive Manufacturing & CNC provides infinite imagination space for the exploration and breakthrough of building new materials, new structures, and new technology.

▼热熔FDM龙门式增减材6轴混合制造一体机 6-axis Hybrid Additive Manufacturing & CNC Machining © BLUA

▼热熔FDM一体机打印过程 & 打印材料德国科思创Makrolon碳酸聚酯 FDM Printing Process & PC Composite of German Covestro Makrolon Carbonate © BLUA

市场价值：3D打印建造的伸缩桥既能作为景观雕塑，又能作为步行景观桥使用，一举两得。可以大量在公园，城市场景，湿地等河道相关区域应用。将非标准定制化快速标准化建造。造价经济。3D打印景观伸缩桥优势：1. 客户定制化大量生产；2.降低人工成本；3.轻量化设计；4.户外耐腐蚀性； 5.可快速安装，尺度延展便捷； 6.高强度；7.机能整合（可预埋感应器等）；8.增材制造逐层堆积，无材料浪费，绿色环保；9.造型设计自由度高。

Market Value: 3D printing stretchable landscaped pedestrian bridge can be used as both a landscape sculpture and a walking landscape bridge, two birds with one stone. It can be widely used in parks, urban scenes, wetlands, and other river-related areas. Make non-standard customization and fast standardization construction. Cost and economy. The advantages of 3D printing stretchable landscaped pedestrian bridge: 1. Customer customized massive production ;2. Reduce labor costs ;3. Lightweight design; 4. Outdoor corrosion resistance ;5. Fast installation, easy scale extension; 6. High strength ;7. Functional integration (embedded sensors, etc.); 8. additive manufacturing layer by layer accumulation, no material waste. It green environmental protection;9. High freedom of styling.

▼桥轴侧图、立面图、剖面图 Axial、Elevation、Section © BLUA