哥本哈根“城市沙丘”丨丹麦哥本哈根

SLA：受大自然进程的启发，我们将该项目设计成了一个瑞典式的山坡，其从街面延伸至二楼的地势，覆盖了银行停车场的侧面和屋顶；场地铺设的白色的混凝土不仅可以反射阳光，还可以收集所有的雨水，在夏天时用于灌溉和冷却城市空间；种植的北欧特色植被和树木可在炎热的夏天为人们提供阴凉，下雨时提供遮蔽，同时为SEB银行创造了一个强烈鲜明的北欧特色。

SLA：The City Dune is inspired by nature’s processes and built up as a Swedish hill side with a terrain that rises from street level to the second floor level, covering the side and the roof of the bank’s parking garage. The white concrete surfaces reflect the sun while all rainwater is collected and re-used for irrigation and cooling of the urban space in summer. The Nordic vegetation and trees provide shade on hot summer days and shelter when it rains. At the same time The City Dune provides SEB Bank and Pension with a strong and unique Nordic identity.

连接整个区域的绿色开放“门厅” A green open ‘foyer’ that ties the area together

多年来，哥本哈根的港口一直是低质量的办公大楼、冷寂的购物中心、糟糕的基础设施的代名词，几乎没有值得使用的公共空间，但瑞典SEB银行和养老金部(SEB Bank and Pension)选择在哥本哈根交通最繁忙的一个地下停车场上方建造其纳维亚总部后，委托给了SLA一个创建可将新总部与周边地区、港口和哥本哈根的其他地区连接起来的城市空间的任务。SLA认为银行前面的开放空间不一定要是寂寂无名的灰色肃清空间，相反，应该设计成一个绿色宜人的迎宾“开放大厅”。

其结果就是创建了一个占地7300平方米的可持续的无障碍城市空间。它就像一个在建筑之间流动的巨大沙丘，在设计中创造出空间连贯性，同时，其高出周围7米的城市空间从SEB和港口向前延伸，经过丹麦国家档案馆，一直延伸到蒂沃利会议中心，保证了行人和自行车的畅通。

The harbor front of Copenhagen has through the years been widely criticized for being the site of low-quality office buildings, introvert shopping malls, bad infrastructure, and few – if any – public spaces worth using. Here, above an underground car park on the most traffic-heavy corner of Copenhagen, the Swedish SEB Bank and Pension has chosen to build its Scandinavian headquarters. SLA got the assignment to create an urban space that could tie the new headquarter together with the surrounding area, the harbor, and the rest of Copenhagen. An open space in front of a bank does not necessarily need to be anonymous, grey, and void of people. On the contrary, SLA designed the area as a green and welcoming ‘open foyer’ for the public and employees of the bank alike.

The result is a sustainable and fully accessible urban space covering an area of 7,300 square meters. Like a giant dune of sand or snow it slips in between the buildings, thereby creating a spatial coherence in the design. Simultaneously, the urban space, elevated 7 meters above the surroundings, ensures the mobility of pedestrians and cyclists, leading from SEB and the harbor past The Danish National Archives and on to the Tivoli Congress Center.

从丹麦北部沙丘和斯堪的纳维亚冬季雪丘汲取灵感 Inspiration from the sand dunes of Northern Denmark and snow dunes of the Scandinavian winter

该城市空间之所以简称为城市沙丘，是因为其白色混凝土，源自丹麦北部沙丘和斯堪的纳维亚冬季雪堆的褶皱形态。其褶皱和地形的轮廓不仅满足了从排水、可达性和照明到种植的功能和技术要求，还创造了一个千变万化的城市空间，为SEB的客户和员工以及普通哥本哈根市民提供多种交通路线。

想要充分体验这个城市沙丘空间，你必须亲身穿过它才行。在你穿过这些区域时，向不同方向发散和开放的空间，会创造一种新的空间连接，当你走上伯恩斯坦广场，空间又会随着你行走的300米长而蜿蜒的斜面，逐渐变得开阔。回望这座城市时，这些建筑勾勒出哥本哈根的立体轮廓，再走上更短更陡的Kalvebod Brygge上坡，你会看到这海港的壮丽景色。

此次城市沙丘设计的重要原则之一就是适应环境。沙丘褶皱起伏的混凝土表面，可尽可能多的反射太阳辐射，从而在一年最热的几个月里创造一个更凉爽的小气候，且110个水喷雾器释放出潮湿的空气，通过风的传播，进一步加强了这一效果，最后就形成了这样一个仿佛置身于斯堪的纳维亚大自然的体验。狭窄的排水沟将雨水从混凝土表面引入两个大型储水罐，然后通过细网格管道网络被泵送到种植园和水雾化器，因此，基本没有雨水会流入下水道或道路。

我们将水平面之间的裂缝作为树木和草本植物的边界，这里的落叶林和常绿林除了利用风力和遮蔽物改善小气候环境外，还可用于保证全年的水分代谢。树木和种植园的布局是一种观察和体验城市自然的新方式，并不是为了模仿自然。我们的目标是通过设计阐明自然的存在过程，在支持适应环境和其他功能条件下，创造一个城市的自然景观。总而言之，城市沙丘项目不仅通过混凝土和种植园的可持续利用提供了适应性和实用性，还为长期被城市规划者忽视的哥本哈根部分地区创造了急需的娱乐价值。

The City Dune, as the urban space quickly came to be called, is made of white concrete, borrowing its big, folding movement from the sand dunes of Northern Denmark and the snow dunes of the Scandinavian winter. The folding movement and the contour of the terrain not only handle functional and technical demands from drainage, accessibility and lighting to plantation and the creation of a root-friendly bearing layer. It also offers a variety of routes for customers and employees of SEB as well as ordinary Copenhageners, creating an ever-changing urban space.

To fully experience The City Dune, you must physically move through it. When passing through the area, the space evolves and opens in different directions, creating new spatial connections in the process. When ascending from Bernstorffsgade, the space gradually unfolds as you walk along the 300 meter long and winding incline. Looking back against the city, the buildings frame a solid cut of Copenhagen. The ascent from Kalvebod Brygge is shorter and steeper. Here one will soon rise to a splendid view of the harbor.

Acclimatization is the single most important principle in the design of The City Dune. Through the folding movements of the concrete, the surface reflects as much of the incoming sun’s radiation as possible, thereby creating a cooler microclimate during the hot months of the year. This is further enhanced by 110 water atomizers emitting out moist air, spread by the wind. The result is the experience of being in the middle of the lush Scandinavian nature. Narrow drains lead the rainwater from the concrete surfaces and into two large rainwater tanks. From here it is pumped to the plantation and the water atomizers through a fine-meshed network of tubes. As such, no rainwater ends up in the sewers or on the roads.

The trees and herbaceous borders are placed in fissures between the horizontal planes. Both deciduous and evergreen plantation has been utilized to achieve the metabolism of water throughout the year in addition to enhancing the microclimatic environment with wind and shelter. The trees and plantations are not arranged to emulate nature. It is a new manner of seeing and experiencing nature in the city. The ambition is to create an urban view of nature through a design that clarifies the presence of nature as a process, while simultaneously supporting acclimatization and other functional conditions. All in all, The City Dune provides not only acclimatization and utility through the sustainable use of concrete and plantation – it also gives a much needed recreational value to a part of Copenhagen long neglected by city planners.

项目名称：城市沙丘

设计年份和竣工年份：2007年，2010年

景观设计：SLA Architects

合作伙伴：EFFEKT, COWI, Social Action, GAME和Boris Brorman Jensen

客户：SEB Bank and Pension

项目地点：丹麦哥本哈根

景观面积：7300平方米

图片：Jens Lindhe and Torben Petersen

Project name: The City Dune

Design year and completion year: 2007-2010

Landscape Design: SLA Architects

Partners: EFFEKT, COWI, Social Action, GAME and Boris Brorman Jensen

Clients: SEB Bank and Pension

Project location: Copenhagen, Denmark

Landscape area: 7300 square meters

Photo credits: Jens Lindhe and Torben Petersen