Rwanda Cricket Stadium 土砖拱顶创新设计

© Paul Broadie

保罗·布罗迪

架构师提供的文本描述。该项目是光明地球设计公司为卢旺达板球体育场基金会进行的为期5年的工作的一部分，内容涉及卢旺达如何利用当地劳动密集型建筑技术从以农业为基础的经济向发展过渡，从而避免进口、降低碳、建设技能和经济。板球体育场的主要围护，即拱顶，通过在地层中使用土工格栅加固，并在地面上承载弯曲拱顶的弹跳点，使古老的地中海瓷砖拱顶(使用压缩的土水泥砖)适应中等的地震环境。金库遵循自然的力向地面的分辨率，密切模仿弹跳球的抛物线几何图形，唤起卢旺达珍贵的丘陵地形。

Text description provided by the architects. The project is part of work undertaken by Light Earth Designs for the Rwanda Cricket Stadium Foundation over a 5-year period on how Rwanda can transition from an agriculture-based economy to development using local labor-intensive construction techniques, thereby avoiding imports, lowering carbon, and building skills and economies. The primary enclosure of the cricket stadium, the vaults, adapts ancient Mediterranean tile-vaulting (using compressed soil-cement tiles) to a moderate seismic context by using geogrid reinforcing in the layers and bearing the springing points of the curved vaults on the ground. The vaults follow the natural resolution of forces toward the ground, closely mimicking the parabolic geometry of a bouncing ball and evoking the cherished hilly topography of Rwanda.

© Light Earth Designs

(三)轻地球设计

砖石拱顶完全在压缩，允许使用简单的分层薄壳复合材料的低强度瓷砖。这些瓷砖是由低技能和熟练的当地人在当地土壤上生产的-用少量水泥进行水压，不需要烧制。它们被层层放置在一个跨越16米的临时木材骨架上。在剑桥大学建筑和工程研究中增加了土工格栅以提供一些抗震保护。贝壳是防水的，然后顶部与当地破碎花岗岩，融合到自然的口感，而花岗岩增加了重量和稳定性。简单、高效和薄的混凝土桌子被插入地下室，为更封闭的功能提供空间：服务区、更衣室、办公室和餐厅。

The masonry vaults are completely in compression allowing the use of a simply layered thin shell composite of low strength tiles. The tiles are produced on site from the local soil by low skilled and skilled locals - hydraulically pressed with a small addition of cement and do not require firing. They are laid in layers onto a temporary timber skeleton which spans up to 16m. Geogrid is added to give some seismic protection, developed by research in architecture and engineering at Cambridge University. The shells are waterproofed then topped with local broken granite, blending into the natural palate while the granite adds weight and stability. Simple, efficient and thin concrete tables are inserted into the vaults, providing space for the more enclosed functions: the service areas, the changing rooms, an office and a restaurant.

© Light Earth Designs

(三)轻地球设计

这些桌子的顶部是天然的卢旺达农业废料烧砖，这些瓷砖是由常见的湿地黏土制成的。开放的梅扎宁-一间酒吧和一间会所-享受美妙的、清晰的俯瞰椭圆形和湿地山谷的全景。砖块被用来定义边缘和空间-通常是用穿孔键铺设-允许微风和光线穿过。这些砖头来自瑞士非政府组织SKAT咨询公司建立的企业，也是使用高效率窑的低碳农业废料烧砖，进一步减少了能源和碳。来自卢旺达花岗岩地板和工作台面的废料被用作地板。用于压制瓷砖的胶合板矩形被用作台面，而拱顶导向工作中的木材和胶合板被制成细木工和门，以确保最大限度的废料进入初级生产。

These tables are topped with natural Rwandan agro-waste-fired tiles made of commonly found wetland clay. The open mezzanines - a bar and a clubhouse - enjoy wonderful raised clear panoramic views over the Oval and wetland valley beyond. Bricks are used to define edges and spaces - often laid in perforate bond - allowing the breeze and light to filter through. These bricks are sourced from enterprises set up by Swiss NGO SKAT Consulting and are also low carbon agro-waste-fired bricks using high-efficiency kilns, further reducing energy and carbon. Waste stone from Rwandan granite floor and worktops are used for flooring. The plywood rectangles used to press the tiles are reused as countertops while timber and plywood from the vault guide work are made into joinery and doors, ensuring that a maximum of waste material goes into primary production.

Ground Floor Plan

© Light Earth Designs

(三)轻地球设计

局部石板被配置成允许雨水
渗透和渗透土壤。挡土墙要么是当地的花岗岩巨石，要么是空心的，以鼓励种植堤岸，创造了一个美妙的自然竞技场，俯瞰球场和湿地山谷。建筑的语言是通过极端的结构效率来表达进步和活力，而材料则是指自然、手工和人。这是卢旺达人用卢旺达材料建造的建筑。不完美是值得庆祝的-它们是人类的，美丽的-当与自然纹理的层次性结合在一起时，建筑就会变得充满活力，并庆祝这个美妙的地方。

Local slate is configured to allow rainwater
to permeate and infiltrate the soil. Retaining walls are either local granite boulders or are hollow to encourage planting The banking creates a wonderful natural amphitheater with great views of the pitch and wetland valley beyond. Whilst the language of the building speaks about progression and dynamism through extreme structural efficiency, the materials speak of the natural, the handmade and the human. It is a building made by Rwandans using Rwandan materials. The imperfections are celebrated - they are human and beautiful - and when combined with the layering of natural textures the building becomes imbues and celebrates this wonderful place.

© Light Earth Designs

(三)轻地球设计

Architects Light Earth Designs

Location Gahanga, Kigali, Rwanda

Partner and lead Tim Hall

Partner and vaults lead Michael Ramage

Project lead architectural engineer; on site lead Ana Gatóo

Area 650.0 m2

Project Year 2017

Photographs Johathan Gregson, Light Earth Designs, Paul Broadie

Category Stadiums

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