波罗的海水上飞机机库重生

架构师提供的文本描述。塔林海港的水上飞机机库是20世纪波罗的海国家最有价值的建筑之一。丹麦工程和建筑公司克里斯蒂安尼

Text description provided by the architects. The seaplane hangars at Tallinn Seaplane Harbour is one of the most valuable buildings of the 20th century in the Baltic States. The Danish engineering and construction company Christiani & Nielsen designed the hangars that were built in 1916–1917. The building is remarkable both in terms of construction science and technology, and their uniqueness stems from the structural solution.

Courtesy of Koko

科科

机库的主体由三个混凝土外壳(厚度8-12厘米)和支柱组成，支撑它们的角落和接缝。这是世界上第一座这种尺寸的钢混凝土壳结构-36.4×116米。

The main body of the hangars consists of three concrete shells (thickness 8–12 cm) and the pillars that support them at the corners and joints. This is the first known steel concrete shell construction of this size in the world – 36.4 by 116 metres.

由于水上飞机机库自建造以来就没有翻修过，它们濒临崩溃的边缘。2009年，KOKO赢得了建筑比赛，获奖作品成为重建的基础。爱沙尼亚海事博物馆的新展览设在机库内。恢复旧钢混凝土结构的复杂性要求与塔林技术大学的科学家密切合作，采用传统的建筑技术和高质量的材料。在重建老建筑的同时，KOKO特别强调了从博物馆的需求中产生的建筑设计。

As the seaplane hangars had not been renovated since their construction, they were on the verge of collapse. In 2009, KOKO won the architectural competition, and the winning entry became the basis for the reconstruction. The new exhibition of the Estonian Maritime Museum was established inside the hangars. The complexity of the restoration of the old steel concrete construction required close cooperation with scientists from Tallinn Technical University, conventional building skills and quality materials. Next to the reconstruction of the old building, KOKO put special emphasis on the architectural design which emerged from the needs of the museum.

Courtesy of Koko

科科

科科想要在为博物馆规划建筑增建和展览时保留整个空间的印象-这些附加物是精心设计的，同时也是为了纪念这座建筑的历史建筑而设计的。作为一项重大的建筑变革，建筑的两侧被日光照射着-静音墙被玻璃幕墙所取代，上面覆盖着巨大的滑动门，这些都是历史上的例子。机库内还计划了更多的空间：加农炮展厅和主入口。横跨整个空间并连接博物馆展览不同部分的钢人行桥受到了特别关注。

KOKO wanted to preserve the overall impression of the space when planning architectural additions and the exhibition for the museum – these additions were designed delicately while honouring the historic body of the construction. As a significant architectural change, two sides of the building were opened to the daylight – the mute walls were replaced with a glass facade, covered by massive sliding doors that follow historic examples. Additional spaces were planned inside the hangars: the gallery for the cannons and the main entrance. The steel footbridge that crosses the entire space and connects different parts of the museum exhibition received special attention.

Courtesy of Koko

科科

由KOKO设计的展览的主要理念在概念上是强大的，在空间上具有挑战性，同时也相当灵活。机库的内部被划分为三个“世界”-水下、水面和空中。这些“世界”使人们能够在一个独特的环境中展示海洋博物馆的大量藏品-水雷和水下世界中的潜艇“Lembit”、水面上的游艇、船只和大炮、飞机和混凝土外壳下的其他空中物体(例如短184型水上飞机)。

The main idea of the exhibition designed by KOKO is conceptually strong, spatially challenging and at the same time quite flexible. The interior of the hangars has been divided into three “worlds” – underwater, on the surface and in the air. These “worlds” made it possible to present a large amount of the collection of the Maritime Museum in a characteristic environment – sea mines and the submarine “Lembit” in an underwater world, yachts, boats and cannons on the water surface, aeroplanes and other air objects in the air under the concrete-shell roof (e.g. the Short 184 seaplane).

Courtesy of Koko

科科

多方面的叙述，多层次的信息，时间和空间的特点，展览在博物馆。它的焦点是游客，以及他们在整个空间的行为和行动。游客主要关注的是情感上的、即时的体验-他们可以在不同的层次上移动，也可以在流经展览空间的人行桥上移动。方便的多媒体屏幕帮助他们探索与机库、海军和军事历史以及爱沙尼亚历史有关的许多故事。

Manifold narratives, multi-layered information, time and space characterize the exhibition in the museum. Its focus is the visitors, and their behaviour and movement throughout the space. The main attention of visitors is on the emotional, immediate experience – they can move on the different levels, also on the footbridge that flows throughout the exposition space. Convenient multimedia screens help them explore the many stories associated with the hangars, marine and military history and the history of Estonia.

Courtesy of Koko

科科

水上飞机机库的建筑和展览首先讲述了我们这个时代使用过去的手工艺品的故事。无论是展览还是新建筑，无论是在历史的具体建筑中，都没有美化战争、爱沙尼亚历史或民族特性。参观者有自由和空间自己解释建筑物和展览。

The architecture of the seaplane hangars and the exhibition first and foremost tells the story of our own time using artefacts from the past. Neither the exhibition nor the new architecture, sensitively placed within the historic concrete construction, glorifies war, Estonian history or national identity. The visitor has the freedom and space to interpret the building and the exhibition on their own.

Architects KOKO architects

Location Tallinn, Estonia

Category Adaptive Reuse

Area 8000.0 sqm

Project Year 2012