勒萨游泳池

自1966年完工以来，葡萄牙建筑师阿尔瓦罗·西扎(Alvaro Siza)建造的勒卡游泳池(Le A Swimming Pool)建筑群一直是一座国际公认的建筑。然而，近半个世纪后，它仍然优雅地保持了它的建筑完整性，并仍然是一个受欢迎的撤退。勒萨游泳池已经确立了自己作为西扎最伟大的早期作品之一，并作为一个例子，他的精心协调的自然和他的设计。

Since its completion in 1966 the Leça Swimming Pool complex, by Portuguese architect Alvaro Siza, has been an internationally recognized building. Still almost half a century later, it has gracefully retained its architectural integrity and remained a popular retreat. The Leça Swimming Pools has established itself as one of Siza’s greatest early works, and as an example of his careful reconciliation between nature and his design.

Le a游泳池是Alvaro Siza的第一批个人项目之一。1955年从波尔图大学毕业后，他曾与建筑师费尔南多·塔沃拉(Fernando Tavora)合作过一段时间，然后作为一名独立建筑师成立了一个工作室。他仍然在练习，并因他的工作获得了各种奖项和荣誉，包括1992年的普利茨克建筑奖。

The Leça Swimming Pools were one of Alvaro Siza’s first solo projects. After graduating from the University of Porto in 1955, he worked briefly with architect Fernando Tavora before setting up a studio as an independent architect. He is still practicing and has received various awards and accolades for his work, including the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1992.

Le a de Palmeira海滩位于Matosinhos北部的海岸线上，这是波尔图以北的一个小镇，也是Siza的出生地。这也是西扎的另一个早期工作地点，博阿新星茶馆。

The Leça de Palmeira beaches are on the northern coastline of Matosinhos, a small town to the north of Porto, as well as Siza’s birthplace. It is also the site of another early work of Siza’s, the Boa Nova Tea House.

Le a游泳池和Boa Nova茶馆都是在20世纪60年代中期建造并完工的。他们都使用混凝土，对西扎家附近的天然岩石海岸线也有类似的尊重。

Both the Leça Swimming Pools and the Boa Nova Tea House were constructed and completed around the same time in the mid 1960s. They both use concrete and have a similar respect for the natural rocky coastline near Siza's home.

勒卡游泳池建筑群由更衣室、一家咖啡馆和两个游泳池组成，一个是成人游泳池，一个是儿童游泳池。它位于大西洋和沿着海岸线的通道之间，但几乎完全消失在视线之外。通过沉入道路后面的建筑物，西扎促进了他的游泳池和城市基础设施之间的脱节。他也很体谅马路上的海景。

The Leça Swimming Pool complex consists of changing rooms, a café and two swimming pools, one for adults and one for children. It is located between the Atlantic Ocean and the access road that follows the coastline, but positioned almost completely out of sight.  By sinking the building behind the road Siza promotes a disconnect between his pools and the infrastructure of the city.  He is also considerate of the ocean views from the roadway.

西扎在规划他对景观的现代干预时，非常小心地保存了大部分现存的岩层。他所创建的水池延伸到海洋中，很容易与大西洋沿岸的天然水池形成交融。

Siza was careful to preserve a large portion of the existing rock formations when planning his modern interventions into the landscape. The pools he created reach out into the ocean and blend easily with the natural pool formations along the coast of the Atlantic.

前往勒萨游泳池的游客沿着一条与道路平行的光滑混凝土坡道进入。当他们走向走廊到淋浴亭和更衣室时，粗糙的混凝土墙开始模糊了后面和前方海洋的视野。在没有视野的情况下，远处的海洋变得可以听到，道路和海洋之间的过渡在建筑物内的感官体验中被捕捉下来。

Visitors to the Leça Swimming Pools enter down a smooth concrete ramp parallel to the road. As they walk towards the corridors to shower stalls and changing rooms, the rough concrete walls begin to obscure the views of both the traffic behind and the ocean ahead. With no views, the ocean beyond becomes audible and the transition between roadway and ocean is captured in an sensory experience within the building.

游客离开更衣室进入一系列平台。回首过去，这座建筑以前看不见的景色现在出现在街道下面。直墙紧靠周围的石头，而建筑物则是从上面的道路上来的一道很有吸引力的屏障。混凝土墙的颜色比天然石材的颜色要轻一些，这种平行材料的观点体现了西扎对自然环境的欣赏和克制，以避免模仿。

Visitors exit the changing rooms onto a series of platforms. Looking back, a previously unseen view of the building emerges now below the street level. The straight walls hold their own against the surrounding stone and the building acts as an attractive barrier from the road above. The color of the concrete walls is a shade lighter than that of the natural stone, and this view of the juxtaposed materials demonstrates Siza’s appreciation of the natural setting with his restraint to avoid imitation.

回到大海，水再次成为主要的景观，游泳池能够依偎在广阔的开阔海洋和游泳池综合体之间。孩子们的水池被弯曲的混凝土墙、桥和另一处的大石头绑在一边。它位于更远的内陆，而成人游泳池似乎设置在大西洋内。

Turned back towards the ocean, water again becomes the dominant view and the swimming pools are able to nestle themselves between the vast open ocean and the pool complex. The children’s pool is bound on one edge by a curving concrete wall, a bridge and large rocks on another. It is located further inland whereas the adult swimming pool seems to be set inside the Atlantic Ocean.

成人游泳池是由低混凝土墙和自然岩石形成沿其边缘。从几乎所有的角度来看，游泳池和邻近的海洋的水位似乎是相等的，视觉上把西扎的水池和广阔的大西洋连接起来。

The adult swimming pool is made with low concrete walls and natural rock formations are spread along its edges.  From almost every angle the water levels of both the pool and the adjacent ocean appear to be equal, visually connecting Siza's pool with the vast Atlantic Ocean.

这种有意模糊的海洋边缘，不仅增强了游泳者对茫茫大海的感受，也模糊了他们对这个人的理解的极限。在勒萨游泳池，Siza展示了与自然的联系，同时保持了它作为现代建筑的个性。这些水池被认为是建筑学中的一个重要时刻，因为西扎在使自己的设计与不断变化的海潮原理相协调方面具有惊人的机智。

This intentional blurring of the ocean’s edge not only enhances the swimmer’s feelings of the expanse, but also blurs their understanding of this man made limit.  In the Leça Swimming Pools, Siza demonstrates a connection with the natural while maintaining its individuality as a modern construction.  The pools have been recognized as an important moment in architecture because of Siza's incredible tact in reconciling his own design with the principles of the changing ocean tide.