伊朗沙里夫哈住宅

Iran sharif housing

设计方：Nextoffice – Alireza Taghaboni

位置：伊朗 德黑兰

分类：居住建筑

内容：实景照片

建筑设计负责人：Alireza Taghaboni

结构工程师：Sohrab Falahi

景观设计师：Babak Mostofi Sadri, Omid Abbas Fardi

项目合作伙伴：Mojtaba Moradi, Negar Rahnamazadeh, Asal Karami, Majid Jahangiri, Masoud Saghi, Hossein Naghavi, Fat

合作人：Roohollah Rasouli, Farideh Aghamohammadi

建筑公司：Imen Sazeh Fadak Consulting Eng

图片：39张

摄影师：Parham Taghioff, Mandana Mansouri, Salar Motahari, Majid Jah

这是由Nextoffice – Alireza Taghaboni设计的沙里夫哈住宅。该项目的设计核心理念就是不确定性和灵活性。室内的高品质，以及外观的理性，盒子的移动设置从而营造或开放或封闭、或内向或外向的建筑体的变化。这些变化可能会根据季节或功能的调节而更改。建筑师将这个二维的立面转化成三维的立面，在这里，建筑体的开放型或封闭性，是参考了伊朗传统住宅的形式，根据季节变换模式而更改住宅功能，为居民同时提供Zemestan-Neshin（冬季用的起居室）和Taabestan-Neshin（夏季用的起居室）。在夏季，沙里夫哈住宅提供了一个开放、透明、穿孔的空间，与宽敞的大阳台。而在德美兰的寒冷冬季里，该住宅变得封闭，仅提供最少的开口，没有夏季常用的阳台。在这个项目中，对内向性和外向型的建筑形式的处理，形成了令人兴奋的空间变化，是一个千变万化的住宅建筑。

译者： 艾比

Uncertainty and flexibility lie at the heart of this project’s design concept. The sensational, spatial qualities of the interiors, as well as the formal configuration of its exterior, directly respond to the displacement of turning boxes that lead the building’s volume to become open or closed, introverted or extroverted. These changes may occur according to changing seasons or functional scenarios.

Like many other urban plots, the land for this project had a noticeably narrow façade-width compared with its depth of its length. Consequently, our expertise in transforming a two-dimensional façade to a three-dimensional one became indispensable. Here, the openness /closure of the building’s volume is a reference to traditional Iranian houses, which would dynamically serve as seasonal modes of habitation by offering both a Zemestan-Neshin (a winter living room) and Taabestan-Neshin (a summer living room) to their residents.

In summertime, Sharifi-ha House offers an open /transparent /perforated volume with wide, large terraces. In contrast, during Tehran’s cold, snowy winters the volume closes down, offering minimal openings and a total absence of those wide summer terraces. In this project, the challenges to the concepts of introverted/extroverted typology led to an exciting spatial transformation of an ever-changing residential building.

The House is distributed over seven floors: the two basement floors are allocated to family conviviality, fitness facilities, and wellness areas, while the ground floor hosts parking and housekeeping rooms. Public activities all happen on the first and second floors, and the family’s private life takes place on the third and fourth floors.The project consisted of four major parts; the fixed volume of the structure, the void, and the fixed volume and the mobile volume, respectively. When the turning boxes are closed, the building captures sunlight throughout the space of the central void, which also connects the two fixed volumes by suspended bridges.

The house adapts to the functional needs of its users. For instance, depending on whether there is a guest or not, the guest room (located on the second floor) can be reconfigured for different purposes. Similarly, home offices and breakfast rooms (turning rooms on the first and third floors) can change the formality of their appearance according to their residents’ desires. In the other words, there is always the possibility of having different seasonal or lighting scenarios, some of which have been already considered in the BMS program of the project.

From the initial design steps, we noticed that three pine trees outside could be incorporated into the spaces of the interior. Now, in the open mode of the house, the trees are pleasantly captured by the window frames.Stepping back for about three meters from the permitted construction boundary line allowed us to provide splendid daylight for the basement floors by inserting a glass fountain. The fitness and wellness areas are accommodated between the fountain’s two small basins, whose mirrored sculptures reflect the water’s radiance throughout the space.

The applied manufacturing technique for the turning mechanism was in fact a simple one the same method employed in turning theatrical scenes, turning the floor of car exhibitions, and employed by steel companies and the shipping industry in Iran. But as our client himself was into importing CNC and other similar industrial German machines, he preferred the structural system to be fabricated in Germany. In doing so, he could engage his employees in the manufacturing process and thus train them for future maintenance purposes.Details of the handrails and air-penetration controlling methods were major issues considered in developing the design of the turning boxes. Designing foldable handrails and refining the boxes’ edges happened to be our feasible solutions.

Considering the specialties of this kind of architecture, the structural system was inevitably irregular. After digitally modeling the structure, a series of SAP2000 analyses were undertaken to examine static/dynamic performance of the proposed system. Being partially moveable is the dominant feature of this structural assembly, which was contemplated throughout the fabrication process by the German manufacturer company. The main loads all rest on the beams of the living rooms.Due to the various configurations the turning boxes may take, the loading calculation has been estimated based on the largest possible loading value applied to the system. Additionally, controlling the probable vibrations to prevent structural deformation in the turning boxes was taken into account during the design of the house.

伊朗沙里夫哈住宅外观图

伊朗沙里夫哈住宅外部图

伊朗沙里夫哈住宅内部局部图

伊朗沙里夫哈住宅

伊朗沙里夫哈住宅图解