罗朗景观：中国正跑步进入老龄化社会，研究表明，至 2030 年，我国六十岁以上人口将超过 4 亿。受传统儒家思想和伦理观念的影响，中国人也是全球最怕衰老的族群，害怕老无所养，老无所依。在这样的背景之下，“养老”已是当下在持续变化和发展过程中的社会议题。JYL 工作室以“研创未来”为研究创作的方向，将养老居住环境建设作为研究创作的方向之一。

LAURENT: China is running into an aging society. Studies have shown that by 2030, China’s population over 60 will exceed 400 million. Affected by traditional Confucianism and ethical concepts, the Chinese are also the most afraid of aging in the world. In this context, “old care” is now a social issue in the process of continuous change and development. JYL Studio takes “research and creation of the future” as its research and creation direction, and regards the construction of senior living environment as one of its research and creation directions.

项目概况 PROJECT SITUATION

南京颐养中心项目属于一个郊区新盘，选址于素有“绿都”美称的国家级生态文明建设示范区——南京溧水，场地本身专业配套完善，自然条件优越，坐拥秀山湖、原生海岸松林等，对望山色湖光，掩映疏影林境。与此同时，千百年来文人独爱金陵灵秀之气，著名诗人、美食家袁枚晚年寓居于此，纳芥子于须弥，落笔《随园诗话》，尽享性灵闲适。

项目有着得天独厚的自然与人文双重优势，但“郊区化”的老年专属社区同样也带来一些潜在不便，例如老人将远离子女与过去的邻里伙伴，曾经的社会关系逐渐减弱。如何创造一个身心俱养的科学养老社区，这是摆在我们面前的一道课题。

The Nanjing Pension Center project belongs to a new suburban area. It is located in Lishui, Nanjing, a national-level ecological civilization construction demonstration area known as the “Green Capital”. The site itself has complete professional facilities and superior natural conditions. It sits on Xiushan Lake and the original coast. At the same time, for thousands of years, literati love Jinling’s spirit and beauty. The famous poet and gourmet Yuan Mei lived here in his later years and wrote “Suiyuan Poetry Talk” to enjoy the leisurely spirit.

The project has unique natural and humanistic advantages, but the “suburbanized” exclusive community for the elderly also brings some potential inconveniences. For example, the elderly will stay away from their children and their neighbors in the past, and their social relations have gradually weakened. How to create a scientific elderly care community with both body and mind is a topic for us.

▼区位分析 Location analysis

设计策略 DESIGN STRATEGY

– 社会关系重构 -Reconstruction of social relations

老人社会关系的重构离不开社交，想要构建一个鼓励更多社交行为发生环境的前提条件是：真正做到以人为本，积极回应老年人的各方面需求（尤其是社交活动参与意愿的需求）。研究表明，对于老人而言，颐养活动需求分为三个层面：健康舒适安全便捷的养生健体需求、亲近自然提升自我的疗愈养性需求、回归社会联络情感的养心活动需求。团队通过对老人行为研究分析，穷举筛选出老人喜爱的三类社交活动的清单，并通过对场地的科学分析，完成养生、养心、养性多维活动圈的空间组织，鼓励不同活动需求的老人走出室外，重构社会关系。

▼社会关系重构——三环设计 Three-ring design

– 交往友好空间搭建 -Communicating friendly space construction

与此同时，团队首创性提出更适合中国老人的 HASINC 适老化景观标准。H 人性化原则，A 易于到达原则，S 安全性原则，I 易于识别原则，N 生态自然原则，前五点完成了一个真正适老化的物质环境建设，为第六点 C 易于交往原则提供了坚实基础，场地的非单一性让老人接触外界、参与公共活动的机会变得丰富，以得到情感抚慰与心理补偿，达成社会关系的重构。

▼交往友好空间搭建——HASINC 适老化原则 HASINC principle of proper aging