项目背景

Project Background

深圳作为改革开放的先行区，随着城市化的高速发展，由原来的渔村发展成为滨海国际城市，村落也被城市包围慢慢形成了“城中村”。这些城中村是大多数到深圳打拼发展的人的第一个落脚点，也是深圳城市化快速发展的重要因素。

作为深圳的产业大区，宝安区外来务工者数量多、流动性大，城中村为城市环境的优化提升带来了一些难题。2018-2020 年宝安区全面开展“双宜小村”创建工作，进一步提升城中村的基础设施和环境。

深圳是客家文化、广府文化、工业文化、移民文化、海洋文化等多元文化并存的城市，这些文化在城中村得以延续和传承。宝安原居民以广府人和客家人居多，当地的主要语言是粤语和客家话，各街道和原村民仍然使用粤语和客家话。

宝安现有 491 个城中村，大致可以划分为三种类型：第一种是城村，如宝中片区，城市间杂城中村；第二种是厂村，如沙井、松岗片区，以城中村和村属工业为主；第三种是林中村，如石岩街道片区，以山林为主，村属工业区和城中村点缀其中。本项目的灶下村属于宝安城村类型，人口密度高。

▼面向街道开放的榕树广场，Old tree square open to the street ©深圳自组空间

Shenzhen, as a pioneering area for reform and opening up, has developed from a fishing village to an international coastal city with the rapid development of urbanization. The villages are also surrounded by cities and gradually form “urban villages”. Most of these urban villages are the first destination for people who come to Shenzhen to work hard for development, and the urban village is an important factor for the rapid development of Shenzhen’s urbanization.

As an industrial area in Shenzhen, Bao’an District has a large number of migrant workers and high mobility, which has brought some difficulties to the optimization and improvement of the urban environment. From 2018 to 2020, Bao’an District will fully carry out the creation of “Shuangyi Small Villages” to further improve the infrastructure and environment of urban villages.

Shenzhen is a city where Hakka culture, Cantonese culture, industrial culture, immigrant culture, marine culture and other multicultural cultures coexist. These cultures can be continued and inherited in urban villages. Most of the original residents of Bao’an are Cantonese and Hakka, and the main local language is Cantonese and Hakka, and the streets and original villagers still use Cantonese and Hakka.

Bao’an currently has 491 urban villages, which can be roughly divided into three types: the first is urban villages: Baozhong area, and urban villages between cities. The second is factory villages: Shajing and Songgang areas, mainly urban villages and village-owned industries. The third is the village in the forest: the Shiyan street area is dominated by mountains and forests, and the village belongs to the industrial area and the urban village is dotted. Zaoxia Village in this project belongs to the type of Bao’an urban village with high population density.

▼本项目位于深圳宝安区新安街道，The project is located in Xin’an Street, Bao’an District, Shenzhen ©深圳自组空间

场地概况 & 问题

Site Statement & Existed Issues

本项目位于深圳宝安区新安街道，宝民社区灶下村，西临宝民一路，东临创业二路，北临宝豪华庭小区。灶下村综合治理面积约为 76170 平方米，共有 278 栋建筑。灶下村处于宝安老城区与新兴宝安中心区的边缘，经过城市发展变迁，由原来的典型的岭南村落演变成现在被高密度城市包围的典型深圳城中村。乡村原有的文脉慢慢被切断，本土记忆逐渐消失。村内的街道也逐渐老化和公共空间缺失，使社区缺乏活力和参与，建筑立面老旧和底层商铺招牌凌乱，城中村整体环境比较杂乱和破旧。

The project is located in Xin’an Street, Bao’an District, Shenzhen, Zaoxia Village, Baomin Community. The comprehensive treatment area of Zaoxia Village is about 76,170 square meters, with a total of 278 buildings. Zaoxia Village is located on the edge of Bao’an old city and the new Bao’an central area. After urban development and changes, it has evolved from a typical Lingnan village to a typical Shenzhen urban village surrounded by high-density cities. The original context of the village is slowly cut off, and the local memory gradually disappears. The streets in the village are also gradually aging and the public space is missing, which makes the community lack vitality and participation. The building facades are old and the shop signs on the ground floor are messy. The overall environment of the urban village is relatively cluttered and dilapidated.

▼灶下现状图，Existed Issues ©深圳自组空间

回归日常的风景

Ordinary Scenery

城中村的多元人口和丰富的业态体现了城市的多样性和生命力。在灶下村，这里有开了 20 几年的老餐厅、缝衣店、洗衣店、杂货店和五金店等，拥有最接地气、最多元、最混杂的人间烟火气的城市生活场景。

The diverse population and rich business formats of urban villages reflect the diversity and vitality of the city. In Zaoxia Village, there are old restaurants, sewing shops, laundry shops, grocery stores and hardware stores that have been open for more than 20 years. The most diverse, the most mixed urban life scene in the world.

▼街区建筑立面与街区铺地修缮，Building facade renovation & Street paving repairs©深圳自组空间