更新：乡村住宅的弹性

Re-generation: Resilience in Rural Residence

洙凤村是浙江省上虞市下管镇有名的知青村，拥有独特的知青文化。早在 1965 年，洙凤村就迎来第一批次的知识青年在此插队落户，之后的 1973 年、1974 年、1976 年、1977 年又迎接到四个批次的知青来此落户。自 2020 年开始，在下管镇的委托下，洙凤村知青记忆收藏馆、知青食堂、知青医疗馆、这些由村居改造的小型文化设施项目逐步设计建成。作为面向全社会开放的公共文化活动空间，设计以微观尺度上的更新策略将改造的建筑群微妙的介入到原有乡村聚落当中。

▼洙凤村鸟瞰图，Bird eye view ofZhu Feng Village

Zhu Feng Village is a famous Zhi-Qing village in Shangyu city, ZheJiang Province, with a unique Zhi-Qing culture. As early as 1965, Zhu Feng Village welcomed the first batch of Zhi-Qing to settle here, followed by four more batches in 1973, 1974, 1976 and 1977. Since 2020, under the commission of XiaGuan Town, Zhi-Qing Memory Museum For-All, Zhi-Qing Dining Hall For-All, Zhi-Qing Medical Station For-All, these small cultural facilities transformed from village residence have been gradually designed and built. As a public cultural activity space open to the whole society, the design is a subtle intervention of the renovated building group into the original village settlement with a renewal strategy on a microscopic scale.

▼洙凤村轴测图，Axonometric drawing of the Zhu Feng Village

这样的构思，主要是基于以下两个方面的思考。一方面，虽然预计到乡村民居保留和翻新的施工过程会遭遇特别困难，但设计仍然尽可能地延续了乡村住宅的尺度、保留部分原有构件、通过内部空间和功能的重新组织、弹性的转换了民居从私密到公共的属性；另一方面，业主对于工期的严格控制决定了建筑空间和细部的定案需要在现场与多个工种的工匠们一起协同合作，于是就产生了建筑构造设计的弹性策略。既要考虑造价的合理性又要尽量地体现出新旧要素之间的融合性。

This concept is mainly based on the following two aspects. On the one hand, although the construction process of preserving and renovating rural dwellings was expected to be particularly difficult, the design continues the scale of rural dwellings as far as possible, retaining some of the original elements, and flexibly transforming them from private to public through the reorganization of internal spaces and functions. On the other hand, the owner’s strict control of the construction schedule dictates that the finalization of spaces and details needs to be carried out on site in collaboration with a number of craftsmen. It is important to consider both the cost and the integration of old and new elements.

▼洙凤村建筑群鸟瞰图，Bird eye view of Zhu Feng Village’s local houses

改造：小改动中的格局变迁

Remodeling: Evolution of Spatial Pattern under the Influence of Small Changes

根据我们以往的研究，江南地区传统民居的自发性改造，通常伴随着不同阶段中家庭成员结构变化而通过局部空间改造来加以协调和适应。在村居土地权属十分有限的条件下，民居改造只有通过小尺度的投入和调整来获得较大程度的空间扩张来适应新的家庭生活——这是来自乡村空间演变过程的朴素智慧。

于是，我们认为设计既要尊重传统村落的空间特点，也需要介入新的轻钢结构、石笼墙等现代材料，因地制宜地介入乡村改造，从而达到新旧交融互相渗透，进而展现出新时代乡村空间格局的作品。

▼乡村民居调研轴侧示意图（常州市焦溪古镇），Axonometric drawing of Changzhou Jiaoxi Town’s local house