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客家文化无疑是中国一大重要文化，客家人的祖先起源于中国东北部地区，逐步移居到南部并从此定居下来，距今已有几个世纪了。而他们一直都保持着迁移的传统，如今有多达4千万客家人定居海外。河源市是最重要的客家城市之一，2008年河源市政府决定在市内推广一个中央公园的建设计划，而计划的其中一项战略性举措就是建造一个公园内的市民图书馆而且政府认为这个市民图书馆应该充分代表“客家的文化”。

Hakka without question is one of the largest cultural groups within China whose well preserved traditions and culture are alive and well. Originating from central and northern parts of China, the Hakka ancestors migrated to southern China where they have been settled for centuries. Their tradition of migration remains and there are now more than 40 million Hakka people who reside overseas.

The mayor of He-Yuan, one of the most important permanent Hakka cities, spearheaded an effort to designate a central park within the city. One of the strategic projects would be the main civic library located within the park. The library in the mayor’s mind should be the very incarnation of Hakka culture. The library is designed to be locating at the center of the park, overlooking the entire artificial lake from a small mountain. This location is ideal from a ‘Feng-Sui’ point of view: the major façade will be facing a large open waterscape with small mountains ‘backing’ the building.

▼鸟瞰图，aerial view

为了寻找设计灵感，我们对客家建筑传统进行了考察研究，发现客家建筑文化是内向的，最典型的客家建筑往往具备防御性。常见的三种客家建筑类型分别是“土楼”、“围拢屋”和“五凤楼”。其中“五凤楼”被认为是最早建成的客家建筑类型。“五凤楼”的设计理念是一组由五个相互相连的房子组成的家庭院落，五间房子分别代表中国传统文化中的五行（金，木，水，火，土）。而五间房子的关系则像是古人所说的“五凤齐飞”那样形成各级高差。

With the intention of seeking inspiration for the architectural design, we conducted research of Hakka Architectural tradition. We found that Hakka architecture is rooted in an introverted perspective. The classic Hakka house was considered a defense system against possible intruders. Three typologies are usually seen which are ‘Yuan-Lou’, ‘Wei-Long-Wu’, and ‘Wu-Feng-Lou’ amongst which ‘Wu-Feng-Lou’ has been considered the earliest type developed by the Hakka ancestors. In Chinese ‘Wu’means ‘five’ while ‘Feng’ and ‘Lou’ mean ‘phoenix’ and ‘building complex’ respectively.In describing the typology of ‘Wu-Feng-Lou’ it is a large family house consists of 5 interconnected houses representing the 5 elements in ancient Chinese culture (gold, wood, water, fire and earth). In tradition, the 5 houses are designed in a way which they look like ascending from the ground floor that from the ancients’ viewpoint they resemble 5 flying phoenixes.

▼五凤楼结构图，Wu-Feng-Lou

▼远眺建筑，view from distance

五凤楼具有客家建筑之源的地位，同时富含象征意义，因此成为我们设计灵感的最主要来源，图书馆的建筑设计以客家五凤楼为原型，结合场地地形，并与周边环境高度融合，采用现代的设计手法重新诠释客家建筑文化，建筑在功能布局上也充分考虑到人性化，五个功能建筑体顺应倾斜的地势布局，既与传统建筑布局相呼应，又可俯瞰美丽的湖景。

客家建筑选址非常讲究，讲求与自然山水的契合，往往坐北朝南，背山面水。河源图书馆建筑遵照这一原则，选址于河源客家文化公园之中，建筑大环境极其优越，背山面湖，视野开阔，环境优美宁静。五凤楼的平面布局与客家建筑典型的门堂屋一致，不同的是两侧的横屋随厅堂从前往后步步升高，全宅屋宇参差有致层层跌落，图书馆建筑延续了这一特点，总体呈台地式布局，开放的内庭院和廊道将单一的体量切开，形成了错落的层次并与南北两侧的外部空间完全连通，使图书馆巨大的建筑体量得到溶解，层进式的空间特点使得图书馆犹如镶嵌在山体之中,体现了典型的客家建筑风水文化。

As the origin of Hakka architecture, rich in symbolism, and a building typology that goes well with the plan of a library, the Wu-Feng-Lou became our most important source of inspiration. Echoing the traditional form, the library was designed as five functional entities which develop a strong connection with the sloping landform and the waterscape.

▼建筑概念推演，evolution of concept