起源

Project origin

下拉堡村隶属云南省保山市隆阳区瓦马乡，当地政府希望盖一栋集合住宅来改善和解决本村孤寡老年人的住房需求，并将多余空闲的房间以低价出租的方式租赁给上学路途较远的留守儿童家庭进而方便其上下学，其租赁费用于集合住宅的日常维护及开销。当地政府要求必须以低成本建造且满足 22 个居住房间的功能。

Xialapu Village administratively subordinates to Wama Township, Longyang District, Baoshan City, Yunnan Province. The local government has always hoped to build a amalgamated dwelling to improve and solve the housing needs of the lonely elderly in the village. At the same time, it can also rent the spare rooms to the families of left-behind children who have a long way to go to school at a low price, so as to make it more convenient for them to go to and from school. These rental fees can be used as daily maintenance and related expenses of amalgamated dwellings. According to the local government, the construction cost of this conglomerate must be low, and it must have the function of 22 living rooms.

▼集合住宅正立面，Front facade of the collection Residence

下拉堡村于 2018 年响应国家易地扶贫搬迁政策，把分散的老百姓集中在此规划并建设了新村落。新村落的格局已从随机生长状态变为刻意规划的扇形带状布局，新村落的建筑也从传统土基房变为现代的框架商住楼，“标准”的现代新农村风貌。

集合住宅的选址位于新村落东侧角落，面对新农村清一色白墙黛瓦的包围，我们打算就地取材并延续当地传统建筑风貌设计一栋“土”房子来保留村民们的集体记忆。

此外，我们也邀请到一专一村团队作为设计合作机构共同参与该项目。

XialapuVillage responded to the national poverty alleviation and relocation policy in 2018. The scattered people are concentrated here, and a new village is planned and built. The pattern of the new village has changed from random growth to deliberately planned fan-shaped belt layout, and its architecture has also changed from traditional soil-based houses to modern frame commercial and residential buildings, which is a “standard” modern new rural style. The amalgamated dwelling is located in the east corner of the new village. Seeing that the existing new countryside is surrounded by white walls and tiles, we plan to design a “earthen” house with local materials and continuing the local traditional architectural style, so as to preserve the collective memory of the villagers. In addition, we also invited the “One Specialized Village” team as a design cooperation agency to participate in the project.

▼长方形用地决定了建筑形态，The rectangular land determines the building form

场地

Project site

建设用地近长方形，可建设范围仅有 280 平米，面宽 10 米，进深 28 米。为了满足 22 间房，效率最高的方式就是内走廊布局；如果建筑只做一层，单间房的轴线面宽 2.3 米，功能上使用空间受限；设计成三层的话不但超出投入，而且对土墙承重也有一定挑战；最为恰当的策略为设计两层，每层 11 间居住用房，建筑的尺度和体量也更为合适。

▼区位，Location

The construction land of this project is a rectangle with a width of 10 meters and a depth of 28 meters, so its construction area is only 280 square meters. In order to meet the functionality of its 22 rooms, we adopted the inner corridor layout, because this is the most efficient way to use it. If this building is only one floor, the axis width of its single room is 2.3 meters, so its functional space will be limited. However, if we design it as a three-story building, it will exceed the budget, and also exceed the maximum bearing capacity of the earth wall. Therefore, after much cogitation, we think that the most appropriate strategy is to design a two-story building with 11 residential rooms on each floor, and the scale and volume of such a building are also the most appropriate.

▼项目鸟瞰，Bird ‘s-eye view of the project