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景德镇丙丁柴窑 | 传统工艺与现代建筑的完美融合
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发布时间:2019-06-05
设计亮点
将传统柴窑工艺与现代化建筑相结合,展现了独特的美学魅力和工匠精神。
浮梁曾经是景德镇管辖地,被称作瓷都之源,高岭古矿遗址也是国际陶瓷文化圣地。丙丁柴窑位于浮梁县前程村,距景德镇市区不到一小时车程,基地四面环山,竹林环绕,有溪水从基地中间流过,环境清幽。
The county of Fuliang was once under the administrative jurisdiction of Jingdezhen, the Porcelain Capital of China, and is known as the origin of the Porcelain Capital. The Gaoling Ancient Mine Ruins in Fuliang is also a holy place for international ceramics culture. Located in Fuliang’s Qiancheng Village, BingDing Wood kiln is less than an hour’s drive from the urban area of Jingdezhen. The site is surrounded by mountains and bamboo forests in a tranquil environment.
▼建筑入口立面,entrance facade ©姚力
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景德镇柴窑因其以马尾松为燃料而得名,是当地流传近两千年烧瓷传统的行业象征。柴窑又称作景德镇窑或镇窑,如同任何历经千年积淀的传统手工艺,正遭遇现代技术和新的烧制方式的冲击。作为传统制瓷工艺,柴窑由于对林木资源的消耗和烧制效果难以把控等特性,发展受到限制。近年来更由于煤、天然气燃料等工业化技术的普遍采用,以及环保要求的冲击,正面临消亡威胁。目前景德镇蛋形柴窑挛窑技术的传承人只有 70 多岁的余和柱先生,和他带的三、四个徒弟。
▼传统木结构窑房,the traditionalkilnbuilding with a wooden structure©张雷联合建筑事务所
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Jingdezhen wood kiln is named after the locals’ preference of using the Chinese “Horsetail” red pine wood as a form of fuel, and has been the symbol of the industry for nearly 2,000 years. Like any traditional craftsmanship that has survived over more than one millennium’s history, it is suffering from the impact of modern technology and new ways of firing. Due to the difficulty in controlling the wood consumption and the firing effects, the development of wood kiln is hindered. In recent years, with the widespread adoption of coal and natural gas fuels in the newer industrial technologies, as well as the impact of environmental protection requirements, wood kiln is facing a threat of extinction. At present, the construction technology for Jingdezhen egg-shaped wood kiln is only inherited by the 70-years-old Mr. Yu Hezhu and his three or four apprentices. This gives rise to the threat that the construction technology may soon be abandoned in the long history of humanity.
▼新建成的混凝土窑房,the new kiln building with a concrete structure ©董素宏
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相对于大规模气窑产品,柴窑烧制成本高火候难把握成品率低,但柴窑烧制的瓷器胎骨细腻油润,釉色温润肥厚,色泽含而不露。据说用永和宣的丰收碗会有喝茶清香,喝酒不醉,喝咖啡醇厚的感觉。像柴窑这些我们还没有真正了解的传统手工技艺,或许将很快湮灭在人类历史长河之中。“瓷器之成,窑火是魂”。业主黄女士给柴窑取名丙丁,丙火阳盛,似太阳光芒,充满向外放射的能量;丁火阴柔,似月光烛光,内敛昭融,柔而得其中。丙丁之火相合,寓意阴阳相济,灵气共生,万物皆宁。
▼柴窑立面,building facade©张雷联合建筑事务所
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