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鸟岛屋 · 瑞士湖畔的生态建筑奇迹丨瑞士洛桑丨LOCALARCHITECTURE
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发布时间:2021-06-23
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以鸟类世界优雅的树枝、鸟巢和羽毛为灵感,打造出与周围环境和谐共生的建筑,展现了卓越的生态设计理念。
2016年,洛桑鸟类俱乐部COL在Préverenges购得面向鸟岛的小木屋,该地是2001年围湖形成的人工生物区,如今被列为官方自然保护区。这里与流入日内瓦湖的Venoge河的天然河口相连,由于处在莱茵河谷轴线上独特的地理位置,该地也成为瑞士水鸟迁徙的关键停歇地之一。来自非洲的鸟类在飞往北极冻原的夏季栖息地前会在此停留。新鸟岛屋位于岛屿对面,位置绝佳,它旨在提高公众和该地区学童对自然保护、气候和人类活动对水鸟迁徙停歇地的破坏等问题的认识。
In 2016, the Lausanne ornithology club (COL: Cercle Ornithologique de Lausanne) acquired a small cabin facing Île aux Oiseaux (“Bird Island”) at Préverenges, an artificial biotope reclaimed from the lake in 2001 and now classified as an official nature reserve. Its location is connected to the natural estuary of the Venoge, a river that flows into Lake Geneva. This is one of the main stopping places for migratory waders in Switzerland, primarily due to its unique geographic situation in the axis of the Rhône valley. Birds arriving from Africa stop here before moving on to their distant summer quarters in the Arctic tundra. Ideally located opposite the island, the new Maison de l’Île aux Oiseaux (bird island house) aims to raise awareness among the public and the region’s schoolchildren of issues around nature protection, the climate and the impact of human activities on the loss of stopover sites for migratory waders.
▼项目概览,general view of the project © Matthieu Gafsou
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区位鸟瞰,aerial view of the site © Lionel Mamaury
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鸟岛屋灵感来自鸟类世界优雅的树枝、鸟巢和羽毛。其结构由坚固的竖直木板组装而成,它们弯曲成尖拱元素、构成网状结构,象征着鸟巢的精密。支撑屋顶的尖拱板环绕建筑,装饰了内部天花。室内为游客提供基本而温馨的空间,整体覆盖浅色天然松木,与建筑外部的深色构架形成鲜明的对比。屋顶庞大,带有大屋檐,它由多层薄交叉层积材组成,并覆有黑色镀锌层。薄木层的叠加使通风开放的屋顶结构变得轻盈,营造出悬浮和运动的效果,屋顶的弯折方式也增强了这种效果。轻巧的屋顶形式还经过面积设计,从而避开周围古老的苏格兰松树。就这样,小屋巧妙地融入环境,不会对原有的生态系统造成干扰。
The architecture of the bird island house draws inspiration from the elegance of the bird world (twig, nest, feather). Its structure is composed of solid vertical boards, assembled without glue, that have been bent to form a lacework structure of ogival elements suggesting the tension and delicacy of a nest. The ogival boards that support the roof run across the building, ornamenting the internal ceiling. Inside, visitors find a basic, warm space, covered with a light-coloured natural pine wood that contrasts with the darker framework of the building. The roof is generously sized, with large eaves. It consists of layers of wood formed of thin cross-laminated panels and covered with black zinc cladding. The superposition of thin layers of wood lightens the airy, open-to-view roof structure, creating an impression of suspension and movement – an effect accentuated by the way the roof shape curves. The light form of the roof also has a footprint designed so that it slips between the very old Scots pine trees standing on this plot of land. In this way the pavilion blends very sensitively with its surroundings, causing no disturbance to the pre-existing ecosystem.
▼项目外观,灵感来自树枝、鸟巢和羽毛,the appearance inspired by twig, nest and feather © Matthieu Gafsou
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小屋通过金属细柱从地面升起,如同鸟儿般立在湖边,记录着湖边的情况、水、时间以及旅途。闪光的金色支柱保护鸟岛屋不受恶劣天气的影响。鸟岛屋的主入口经由弯曲的长坡道,将小屋延伸至湖边的人行道,伸向岛对面的游客。坡道的竖直木板支撑在金属支柱上,如同木制码头,其曲线造型和迥异的颜色使人想起水鸟的尾巴。高出地面的木材和湿土通过混凝土基座过渡。
Standing by the lakeside like a bird, the pavilion is raised above the ground on delicate metal feet in a way that references its lakeside situation, water, time and travel. The gilded, shining feet protect the Maison de l’Île from bad weather. The main entrance to the house is via a large, curved ramp that extends the pavilion out towards the lakeside walkway, reaching out to visitors who are opposite the island. Made up of many vertical boards and raised on metal feet like a wooden pier, its curved shape and contrasting shades are reminiscent of a wader’s tail. A concrete base defines the transition between the damp earth and the wood raised above ground level.
▼背立面,建筑高于地面,rear facade, the building is raised above the ground © Matthieu Gafsou
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