在过去的一个世纪，建筑行业已成为材料消耗最为密集、对环境危害最大的人类活动之一。坐落在弗莱堡大学植物园中的 livMatS 展亭，为传统的建造方式提供了一种能够节约资源的替代方案，标志着建筑迈向可持续过程中的重要一步。livMatS 是有史以来第一座拥有完全以机器人缠绕亚麻纤维制成的承重结构的建筑。

Over the past century, the construction industry has become one of the most material-intensive and environmentally detrimental human activities. Located in the Botanical Garden of the University of Freiburg, the livMatS Pavilion offers a viable, resource-efficient alternative to conventional construction methods and therefore represents an important step towards sustainability in architecture. It constitutes the first building ever with a load-bearing structure that is entirely made of robotically wound flax fibre.

▼livMatS 展亭位于弗莱堡大学的植物园中，the livMatS Pavilion is located in the Botanical Garden of the University of Freiburg© ICD/ITKE/IntCDC University of Stuttgart, Rob Faulkner

livMatS 展亭由来自斯图加特大学 IntCDC（综合性计算设计和建造）精英集群、ITECH 研究生项目的建筑师和工程师，以及来自弗莱堡大学 livMatS（生命、适应力和能源自主材料系统）精英集群的生物学家合作完成，以新颖的方式对天然材料和先进的数字技术进行了结合。

Enabled by a novel combination of natural materials and advanced digital technologies, this pavilion stems from the successful collaboration of an interdisciplinary team of architects and engineers of the ITECH master`s programme at the Cluster of Excellence “Integrative Computational Design and Construction for Architecture (IntCDC)” at the University of Stuttgart and biologists from the Cluster of Excellence “Living, Adaptive and Energy-autonomous Material Systems (livMatS)” at the University of Freiburg.

▼鸟瞰，aerial view© ICD/ITKE/IntCDC University of Stuttgart, Rob Faulkner

天然纤维材料 Natural fibre materials

实现可持续建筑环境的先决条件是在深入研究自然可再生材料的同时，开发全新的、能够节约资源的设计和施工方法。

livMatS 展亭的结构部件采用亚麻纤维制造。这种材料被人类用于织物和服装生产已有数千年的时间，直到 18 世纪开始被棉花所取代。它们的机械性能堪比玻璃纤维，拥有与之相似的单位重量刚度，而生产过程中消耗的能量则要低得多。与玻璃纤维、碳纤维和许多其他天然纤维不同的是，亚麻纤维可以从中欧地区获得，并具备一年生的作物周期。此外，亚麻纤维还是一种完全天然可再生、可生物降解的材料，这为建筑行业开发创新的资源节约型替代方案提供了十分有利的基础，尤其是在与高效的轻质设计相结合时可以显著地减少建筑物的环境足迹。

A prerequisite for a sustainable built environment entails the development of new resource-efficient approaches to design and construction, together with continued research into the use of naturally renewable materials. The structural components of the livMatS pavilion are built with flax fibres. These fibers have been used for the production of linen fabrics and garments for millennia, until cotton began replacing them from the 18th century on. They are comparable in their mechanical properties to glass fibre rovings; they provide similar stiffness per weight, but with a much lower embodied energy. Unlike glass or carbon fibres as well as many other natural fibres, flax fibres are regionally available in Central Europe and grow in annual crop cycles. They are entirely renewable, biodegradable, and therefore provide an excellent basis for the development of innovative resource-saving alternatives for the construction industry. They offer the potential, especially in combination with efficient lightweight design, to significantly reduce the environmental footprint of buildings.

▼展亭外观，exterior view© ICD/ITKE/IntCDC University of Stuttgart, Rob Faulkner