澳门路廊桥 | 多元自由的城市景观桥梁

LDG兰斯凯普：澳门路廊桥是胶州市城市景观南中轴新增建设的慢行步道系统的一部分，亦即是首先启动的一期项目。是一座跨越澳门路的步行天桥，也是满足市民休闲慢行、健身跑步以及无障碍坡度的绿道，桥长90米，桥高约12米。桥梁设计以景观领域的相关理念为先导，通过景观和结构专业团队的协同合作，融合了结构“力”的美学和多方位空间的交通联通，在单一构筑设计中复合了交通、休闲、游戏、城市地标、商业、城市环卫管理等多元的功能。其设计目标在于创造一座“多元”、“自由”的景观桥梁，它的步行交通流线自由流畅，能承接城市多方向人流，全程满足无障碍要求，可以立体跨越东西向城市机动车道，在交通功能上复合多元的休闲功能，创新城市地标，和部分城市商业综合体无缝衔接，实现多高程自由转换的步行道路体系。

LDG: Aomen road gallery bridge is a part of newly-built pedestrian traffic system in south central axis, Jiaozhou and the firstly-started Phase I Project. It is the pedestrian overpass across the Aomen road and the greenway of meeting citizens’ recreation walk, fitness running and barrier-free ramp, with the length and height of 90m and 12m, respectively. The bridge design adopts the relevant concept in the field of landscape, integrates the aesthetics of structure “force” and the traffic connection of multidimensional space through the collaboration of professional team of landscape and structure, and recombines the traffic, recreation, game, urban landmark, business, urban environmental sanitation management, etc. in the single building design. The bridge design aims to create a “diversified” and “free” landscape bridge, and its pedestrian streamline is free and smooth and can bear the urban multi-directional people flow to meet the barrier-free requirements in the whole process. The bridge can span east-west urban motor lane, recombine the multiple recreation function to create the urban landmark, connect to part of the urban commercial complex and achieve the pedestrian system with free multi-elevation conversion.

廊桥俯瞰图 aerial view of gallery bridge

慢行步道系统Pedestrian Traffic System

为进一步提升城市的品质和活力，促进市民对公共空间的共享。2018年胶州市政府计划在三里河公园（2003年建成）、南中轴景观带（2014年建成）等城市重要公共景观项目的基础之上，打造一条慢行步道系统来进一步串联青年水库、体育中心、文化中心、会展中心、少海景区，以及南中轴两侧的商业综合体、南中轴地下商业空间等商业类型的公共建筑。三大中心、商业综合体、南中轴景观带的空间布局和结构遵循着市政府办公大楼南北向统一的城市轴线，规则的大草坪、行列的树阵、整齐划一的建筑布局给市民一种“高大上”的感受，但同时缺乏较丰富的细节和“生动、可参与”的体验。新建的步道系统既要尊重原有轴线序列，又希望在形态上有所突破，通过呈现一种“流动”的自由感，来打破这种轴线序列，同时在空间的变化中为市民创造更多参与和体验的机会。几座天桥在形式上希望结合桥体体量、功能、结构、表皮、亮化等多种元素手法的运用来创建区域地标。

In order to further boost the quality and vitality of city and promote citizens’ sharing of public space, Jiaozhou Municipal Government planned to build a pedestrian traffic system in urban important public landscape projects, including Sanlihe Park (completed in 2003), South Central Axis Landscape Belt, (completed in 2014), etc., to further connect the Youth Reservoir, Sports Center, Cultural Center, Conference and Exhibition Center, Shaohai Scenic Spot, Commercial Complex on both sides of South Central Axis, underground commercial space of South Central Axis, and other public buildings. The spatial layout and structure of three centers, commercial complex and South Central Axis landscape belt comply with the north-south uniform urban axis of Municipal Government Office Building, and the regular grand lawn, queuing tree array and orderly and uniform building layout bring people a kind of “high-end, magnificent and classy” feeling, but the rich details and “vivid and participatory” experiences are lacked. New pedestrian traffic system not only complies with the original axial sequence, but also hopes to break through the original form and such axial sequence by presenting a kind of “moving” sense of freedom. In the meantime, the traffic system creates more opportunities for citizens in participation and experience in the change of space. Several overpasses bridge combine the volume, function, structure, surface, lighting, etc. to create the regional landmark.

relationship between foundation and pedestrian traffic system

▼慢行步道系统交通分析图 analysis diagram of pedestrian traffic system

▼慢行步道系统轴侧图，澳门路廊桥是其中的一部分 axonometric drawing of pedestrian traffic system, with a part of Aomen road gallery bridge

廊桥与城市的复合Recombination of Gallery Bridge and City

澳门路廊桥是整个慢行步道系统的先期启动部分，按照全体系的整体思路，廊桥的设计不是简单地修建一座天桥，跨越机动车道即可。而是以“以人为本”、“群众参与”等景观理念为先导，来达到景观和结构的复合、功能和空间的复合、行为和资源的复合；因地制宜地将廊桥融合并渗透进现状整体环境，并能够整合好现状资源，进而推陈出新创造出南中轴公共空间的地标核心，以激发区域发展的活力。

Aomen road gallery bridge is launched earlier in the whole pedestrian traffic system. As per the overall idea of the whole system, the gallery bridge is not a simple overpass. It spans the motor lane, and recombines the landscape and structure, the function and space, and the behavior and resources as per the landscape concepts of “human centered”, “mass participation”, etc. The gallery bridge is integrated and penetrated into the present integrated environment as per the local condition, and integrates the present resources to create the landmark core of public space in south central axis and to motivate the regional development vitality.

west aerial view of gallery bridge, by virtue of the plane structure with multiple entrances, contributes to the “city” form of gallery bridge instead of the centralized bridge building form

▼廊桥用“延展”的方式整合了基地周围较零碎的环境gallery bridge integrates the relatively fragmentary environment around the foundation in the method of “extension”

从总体上来说，慢行步道系统首先是一条休闲绿道，可以为市民提供总长度约5公里的健身跑步道，同时它也是一条多功能复合道，在交通慢行的基础功能之上可以叠加多元的城市休闲功能。由于城市中心单一高程（纯地面或纯高架）的步道系统往往容易导致“强制”行走，反而并不显得 “自由”、 “休闲”，这样会影响市民健身运动最大的参与度，能否少使用楼梯，自由方便地出入步道体系是成功吸纳沿线居民参与、进而提升城市生活的关键。因此南中轴的慢行步道系统需要进行反复的桥上桥下的高程转换，并且在全路段满足小于12%的无障碍坡道要求。

Generally speaking, the pedestrian traffic system, as a recreational greenway, provides the citizens with a fitness running road with the total length of about 5km. In the meantime, as a multi-function composite road, it can superpose multiple urban recreational functions on the basis of pedestrian traffic. The traffic system with the single elevation (pure ground or pure viaduct) in urban center often causes the “mandatory” walking and lacks the “freedom” and “recreation”, so the maximum participation of residents in fitness exercises would be influenced. It is the key to use stairs as less as possible and go in and out of traffic system freely and conveniently for successfully absorbing the residents along the traffic line in participation and further boosting the city life. Hence, the repeated elevation conversion on the bridge and under the bridge is needed for the pedestrian traffic system in south central axis, and the whole section meets the barrier-free ramp requirements less than 12%.

▼廊桥功能分析图，景观和结构的复合，功能和空间的复合 function analysis diagram of gallery bridge, recombination of landscape and structure, recombination of function and space

▼廊桥演变示意图动图 schematic diagram dynamic figure of evolution for gallery bridge

由于要在二层对接南面的城市商业综合体，而公共的慢行步道需要避开南北建筑独立贯通，因此桥梁运用“生长”的方式，用自由“延展”的桥段来对接建筑和城市环境，因此澳门路廊桥不仅是一座形式或功能单一的人行天桥。为保证“自由”流畅的交通特征，在澳门路以北，它有北、西、东、垂直电梯四个入口；澳门路以南也有南、北、中间二层商业、垂直电梯四个入口，因此多入口的平面结构造就了廊桥的“城市”形态，通过延展的桥段来“串联”各个位置、竖向都有很大差异的入口，而不是集中的桥梁建筑形式。为了充分展现“流动”的自由和绿道的连贯，红色聚脲作为唯一的地面材料，覆盖了全部桥面，包括为了较快速通行设置的台阶和部分地面。

Since the urban commercial complex in the south is connected to the floor two and the public pedestrian traffic needs to avoid the north-south building for independent extension, the bridge connects the building and urban environment with the free “extension” bridge in the method of “growth”. Hence, the Aomen road gallery bridge is not only a pedestrian overpass with single form or function. In order to guarantee the “free” and smooth traffic, there are four entrances (in the north, west and east, elevator) in the north of Aomen road; there are also four entrances (in the south and north, the middle business elevator on floor 2 and the elevator) in the south of Aomen road. Hence, the plane structure with multiple entrances contributes to the “city” form of gallery bridge, and the extension bridge connects all entrances with great differences in the position and vertical direction, instead of the centralized bridge building form. In order to sufficiently reveal the freedom of “moving” and the coherence of greenway, the red polyurea as the unique ground material covers all bridge decks, including the step and part of ground set for the faster passage.

bridge deck has free extension and doesn’t completely coincide with the continuous arch，ramp creates the vertical change and rich walk experience

▼桥面自由延展，和儿童游戏区串联起来，儿童游戏区是桥面延展的“衍生”物。bridge deck has free extension and connects the children’s game zone，children’s game zone is the “derivatives” of bridge deck extension.

▼桥面延展后产生优美的弧线 bridge deck after extension generates the graceful arc

▼延展的桥面下部“衍生”出公厕的空间，公厕的墙面也延展出统一的曲面 the space of public toilet is “derived” below the extension bridge deck ，uniform curved surface is also extended on the wall surface of public toilet

▼延展的桥面可以串联更多的入口，多入口可以使慢行更便捷方便 extension bridge deck can connect more entrances ，multiple entrances make the slow traffic more convenient

▼连续的无障碍坡道 continuous barrier-free ramp

▼红色聚脲覆盖了全部桥面和部分地面，未来还要不断延伸到整个慢行步道系统 red polyurea covers all bridge decks and part of ground and will constantly extend to the whole pedestrian traffic system in the future

廊桥“自由生长”的“城市”形态决定了主体桥身也是自由曲线化的，因此廊桥的立体形态需要在曲线或曲面上来继续呼应这种自由的感觉。在慢行系统的规划构思之初，“廊桥”是一个可以为宽大的曲线桥面提供遮荫功能的“棚子”，因此这个棚子是一个双曲面的形态特征，同时设计团队还希望这个棚子不是一个“封闭体”，可以为市民提供观赏周边城市景观的视窗，这也可以看作是“复合设计”的要求。因此随着景观和结构的深入设计，它最后展现为一个连续拱和一个“旋转”覆盖的综合体。七跨连续拱是结构受力的简约方式，其有张力的结构和自由伸展的桥面相得益彰，共同促成了澳门路廊桥成为区域级的城市地标。在桥身内部行走，“旋转”的覆盖由于变化的视角为桥梁提供了灵动的感觉。

The “city” form of gallery bridge with “free growth” decides the main bridge also presents the free curve. Hence, the three-dimensional shape of gallery bridge needs to continue corresponding to such kind of feeling of freedom in the curve or curved surface.

At the beginning of planning and conceiving the pedestrian traffic system, the “gallery bridge” as a “shed” can provide the shade for the wide curve bridge deck. such shed has the hyperboloid form. In the meantime, the design team also hopes such shed is not a “closed body” and provides the citizens with the window of watching the landscape of the surrounding cities, which is regarded as the requirement of “composite design”.

Hence, as the landscape and structure are designed deeply, the Gallery Bridge finally presents a continuous arch and a complex with “rotation” coverage. The seven-span continuous arch is simple in the structural force, and its structure with tension complements the bridge deck with free extension to jointly contribute to the urban landmark at regional level for the Aomen road gallery bridge.

The “rotation” coverage provides the bridge with the feeling of flexibility due to the change of angle when walking in the bridge.

▼连续拱鸟瞰，拱下是双层桁架拱，内部嵌玻璃片 ,参数化导致每一片玻璃片都是规律性地渐变 for the aerial view of continuous arch, there is double-deck trussed arch below the arch which is embedded with the glass sheet，the parameterization causes the regular gradual change of each piece of glass sheet

▼廊桥立面图elevation view of gallery bridge

▼桥身内部“旋转”的错觉为桥架提供了灵动的感觉 the “rotation” illusion in bridge provides the bridge with the feeling of flexibility

连续拱和“旋转”的棚子 continuous arch and “rotation” shed

▼廊桥的大视窗，同时体现了结构“力”的美学 the big window of gallery bridge reflects the aesthetics of structure “force” at the same time

澳门路廊桥的旋转覆盖在结构上是一个双层桁架拱，其本身是不旋转的，只是为了方便市民在桥面上驻足观赏周边景观，而留有大三角视窗，并由此变化出来的形式。为起到遮阳和视觉旋转的双重效果，在桁架拱上进行了“参数化”的玻璃模块设计，由于是双曲面，玻璃模块间的间距和角度都是渐变的参数。这种参数的变化“加剧”了旋转的效果。在复合设计中，单一的材料元素也往往可以承担多元的设计需求。为达到激发城市活力的目标，玻璃模块同时进行了夜景亮化的设计效果，通过在1400多片夹胶玻璃中嵌入微型LED灯珠，可以实现整体的晶莹剔透的灯光色彩控制，市民可以在桥面上观赏到繁星满天的艺术氛围。夜景和旋转的玻璃模块以艺术的形式、新颖的细节，进一步凸显了桥梁城市地标的地位和效果。

The rotation coverage of Aomen road gallery bridge has the double-deck trussed arch structure, but the bridge isn’t rotated. The grand triangle window is reserved only for the purpose of watching the surrounding landscape on the bridge deck for the citizens, and the form is from such change. For the purpose of double effect of sun shade and visual rotation, the “parameterization” glass module is designed on the trussed arch. Due to the hyperboloid, the distance and angle among the glass modules are the gradually-changed parameters. And such change “aggravates” the effect of rotation. In the complex design, the single material element often undertakes the multiple design requirements. In order to motivate the urban vitality, the glass module designs the lighting of night scene. The translucent colorful light is controlled as a whole by embedding the miniature LED lamp bead in over 1400 laminated glass. Citizens feel the artistic atmosphere in the star-filled sky on the bridge deck. The night scene and the rotated glass module further highlight the status and effect of bridge as urban landmark in the form and art and the novel details.

▼玻璃片细节 details of glass sheet

复合功能的儿童趣味设计Children’s Fun Design with Complex Function

在澳门路廊桥的设计中，北侧的儿童活动区无疑是整个廊桥设计中的又一亮点。北侧桥面步行坡道较长，按照复合设计的原理，其中较大型的交通平台被创新成有趣的“轻器械”儿童游戏平台。在儿童趣味活动区，通过运用多组滑梯、小剧场台地、趣味攀爬壁处理了2.55米的竖向高差问题；趣味数字坐凳看似自由但有序的散落在台阶和地面之上，不锈钢穿孔板的包边，材质上与不锈钢滑梯相呼应，晚间点点灯光穿透其中不但凸显了数字的造型特点，而且活跃了游玩气氛。趣味字母攀爬壁、儿童活力滑梯以及休闲坐凳等设施的合理布置使得儿童活动区空间十分丰富。在儿童活动区域，所有地面、坡面、台阶也都采用红色聚脲材料来铺设，在滑梯下部铺设了弹性性能更好的塑胶，这些良好的弹性材料可以对游戏玩耍的儿童起到很好的保护作用。整体的红色地面也可以让这座看似酷炫的城市地标充满了它独特的可爱与亲切。

In the design of Aomen road gallery bridge, the children’s playing space on the north side is another light spot in the whole design of the gallery bridge. The walk ramp of bridge deck on the north side is longer, and the larger traffic platform becomes the interesting “hand apparatus” children’s game platform through the composite design. In the children’s fun activity area, 2.55m vertical elevation difference is handled with by utilizing the multi-group children’s slide, small theatre platform and fun climbing wall; the fun digital bench seems to be free, but is orderly scattered on both the bench and the ground. The texture of package edge of stainless steel perforated plate is corresponding to that of stainless steel children’s slide. The light penetrates at night, which not only highlights the modeling features of digital, but also animates the play atmosphere. The children’s playing space is very rich due to the reasonable layout of the Alphabet Fun climbing wall, vitality children’s slide, leisure bench and other facilities. In the children’s playing space, all grounds, slopes and steps are paved with the red polyurea material, and the plastics with good elasticity are paved below the children’s slide. All of those good elastic materials protect the children in the game play greatly. The overall red ground makes such cool urban landmark filled with unique loveliness and kindness.

儿童游戏区鸟瞰图 aerial view of children’s play area

▼儿童游戏的复合，导致廊桥人气爆棚，高人气使得儿童游戏区成为设计的亮点 recombination of children’s game causes the gallery bridge is popular，high popularity makes the children’s play area become the highlight of design

▼滑梯等设施很好地利用了桥梁的竖向高差，数字坐凳、小剧场台地、滑梯等设施的合理布置使得儿童活动区的空间十分丰富。the children’s slide and other facilities utilize the vertical height difference of bridge very well ，the children’s playing space is very rich due to the reasonable layout of digital bench, small theater platform, children’s slide, and other facilities.

▼数字座椅区夜景 night scene of digital bench area

▼数字座椅细节 digital bench details

结语 Conclusions

进入新时代，中国城市化、都市化的水平不断提高，景观（园林）专业在城市、城乡各个层面都有着积极的作用。但由于近年来专业细分的认识，景观（园林）专业偏“农学”轻“工学”，重“艺术”避“结构”，由于专业之间的隔阂，导致景观设计师在都市设计中挑不起真正的“大梁”。澳门路廊桥的建成展示了城市建设中以景观为先导，加强景观和其它专业的深度合作，以及积极探索景观自身领域的重要性及其价值，探讨让“景观”更好地服务于都市建设。

In a new era, China’s urbanization level improves constantly, the Landscape (Garden) plays a positive role in all levels of cities and countryside. But due to the professional subdivision in recent years, the Landscape (Garden) focuses on “Agronomy” and ignores “Engineering”, and focuses on “Art” and avoids “Structure”. As a result, the Landscape Designers fail to become true “girder” in the urban design due to the major barrier. Aomen road gallery bridge displays the landscape-led urban construction to strengthen the deep cooperation of landscape and other majors, proactively explore the landscape importance and its value and discuss the method of making “landscape” serve the urban construction better.

项目名称：澳门路廊桥（胶州南中轴慢行步道系统1期）设计方：LDG兰斯凯普

主创设计师：刘立立，陈红

设计团队：刘立立, 陈红, 姜红政, 陈春媚, 黄应杰, 孔令军, 陈惟达,熊世宝, 黄彬辉, 曹金健

结构设计单位：上海良将景观结构设计工程有限公司/姜红政

施工单位：青岛市海德工程集团股份有限公司

业主：胶州市城乡建设局

项目地址：青岛胶州市南中轴

项目设计 & 完成年份：2016年09月–2019年10月

项目面积：0.35公顷

品牌：高密市万泰钢结构工程有限公司, 青岛晶泰塑胶铺装有限公司, 南京浩辉玻璃有限公司, 泰州市恒越不锈钢制品有限公司, 临朐国涛幕墙材料经销处, 临朐县世安玻璃制品有限公司

摄影版权：LDG/刘立立,陈红,熊世宝

主要材料:钢,聚脲涂料， LED发光玻璃片，不锈钢，彩色橡胶,木纹铝方通，菠萝格防腐木

Project name ：Aomen Road Gallery Bridge (Jiaozhou South Central Axis Pedestrian Traffic System Phase I)Designer ：LDG

Chief Designer ：Liu Lili and Chen Hong

Design Team ：Liu Lili, Chen Hong, Jiang Hongzheng, Chen Chunmei, Huang Yingjie, Kong Lingjun, Chen Weida, Xiong Shibao,Structure design：Shanghai Liangjiang Landscape Design Engineering Co., Ltd.

Construction ：Qingdao Haide Engineering Group Co., Ltd.

Customer ：Jiaozhou Urban and Rural Construction Bureau

Project address ：South Central Axis, Qingdao Jiaozhou City

Project design & completion year ：From Sep. 2016 to Oct. 2019

Project area ：0.35 hectares

Brand ：Gaomi City Wantai Steel Structure Engineering Co., Ltd., Qingdao Jingtai Plastic Pavement Co., Ltd., Nanjing Haohui Glass Co., Ltd., Taizhou Hengyue Stainless Steel Product Co., Ltd., Linqu Guotao Curtain Wall Materials Sales Agent, Linqu County Shi’an Glass Product Co., Ltd.

Photography copyright ：LDG/Liu Lili, Chen Hong and Xiong Shibao

Main materials: steel, polyurea paint, LED luminescence glass sheet, stainless steel sheet, colorful rubber, wood grain aluminum square tube, and merbau anticorrosive wood