剑桥大学国王学院 Cranmer 路研究生宿舍丨英国剑桥丨Allies and Morrison 事务所

位于国王学院Cranmer路的研究生宿舍由Allies and Morrison事务所设计，该方案于项目的设计竞赛中胜出并于近日落成。作为剑桥大学内首批主要被动式建筑，本项目为剑桥大学的研究生们创造了一个新家。项目共由两栋新建筑组成，一栋为花园式住宅，另一栋为别墅式住宅，共提供了59间研究生宿舍公寓。

The first major Passivhaus buildings in Cambridge, we have recently completed new graduate student accommodation for King’s College at Cranmer Road. Won through a design competition, the project creates ‘graduate campus’ for the College, delivering 59 graduate rooms within two new distinct buildings: a Garden Building and a Villa Building.

▼项目概览，Overall of the project

根据设计，建筑的寿命将高达100年，因此，建筑的质量与使用年限至关重要。新建筑位于剑桥西侧保护区内，除了关注校园的历史与环境背景外，设计还展示出极高的开创性与杰出的建筑表现。

With a design life of 100 years, quality and longevity are of paramount importance. Located within the West Cambridge Conservation Area, the new buildings are contextual and quietly assured in their design, but nevertheless outstanding and pioneering in their performance.

▼毗邻Cranmer路的别墅式公寓，The Villa Building on Cranmer Road

▼别墅式公寓在规模、体量以及红砖材质方面与周边建筑相呼应，

The villa building echos the surrounding buildings in scale, volume and red brick

毗邻Cranmer路的别墅式公寓在规模、体量以及红砖材质方面，都与场地内现有的两座具有极高工艺美学价值的别墅建筑相互呼应。基地南侧的花园公寓则呈现出纤细的线性结构，并围合出一座全新的室外花园，这处花园如今也成为了国王学院研究生校区的社交核心。

The Villa Building on Cranmer Road is a response to two existing Arts & Crafts villas within the site in terms of its scale, massing and palette of red brick. The Garden Building on the south side of the site is a slim, linear structure that defines a new generous garden at the heart of what is now a cohesive graduate campus for the College.

▼基地南侧的花园公寓，The Garden Building on the south side of the site

在项目设计与汇报的过程中，设计团队积极征求了研究生团体的意见。有趣的是，在征求他们的意见后，建筑师在宿舍内设置了19间非套间公寓，并为这些公寓配置了公共浴室。这种规划布局使得公寓的租金更便宜，同时也为安排更多宿舍公寓提供了可能。

The graduate community were closely consulted as part of the briefing process. Their involvement led, rather unusually, to the inclusion of 19 non-ensuite rooms, instead with shared bathrooms. This created rooms with lower rents and allowed more rooms to be delivered overall.

▼室外花园，outdoor garden

剑桥大学首批主要被动式建筑

Cambridge’s First Major Passivhaus Buildings

两栋公寓住宅均获得了被动式节能建筑认证。被动式节能策略大大降低了建筑的能源消耗和运营成本，以实现其更加长期的价值。项目中采用了一种创新式的直流电动供暖系统，简单、高效且易于维护。点式电热水器可将配电损失降至最低，淋浴设备则采用综合热回收技术，将水加热所需的能耗降至最低。

The two new buildings achieve Passivhaus certification. This significantly reduces their energy consumption and operational costs to deliver long-term value. An innovative direct-electric approach has been adopted, in line with a services strategy that is simple, efficient and easy to maintain. Distribution losses are minimised by point-of-use electric water heaters. The showers benefit from integrated heat recovery to minimise energy to heat the water.

▼花园公寓入口，Entrance of the garden building

此外，项目优秀的节能表现也得益于全木材CLT结构（交叉层压木材），这种材料能够有效减少隐含碳，并加速施工建设的进程。同时，CLT材料还助于建筑达到每小时0.16 – 0.19次换气的显著气密性表现，相当于普通被动式建筑标准的四倍。优秀的节能表现使本项目获得两项剑桥设计和建造奖 —— 可持续性和工程奖、最佳新建筑奖（建造费用超过200万英镑）。

The buildings benefit from an all-timber CLT structure (cross laminated timber), to reduce embodied carbon and deliver a rapid construction programme. This also helped achieve a remarkable airtightness of 0.16 – 0.19 air changes per hour (4 x better than the Passivhaus standards). The project was awarded two Cambridge Design and Construction Awards – the Sustainability and Engineering Award and Best New Building (over £2m construction).

▼花园公寓呈现出纤细的线性结构，The Garden Building presents a slim, linear structure

▼公共走廊，Hallway

▼公共休息室，Common room

Location: Cambridge, UK

Uses: Education, Housing

Client: King’s College, University of Cambridge

Status: Completed

Size: 2,174 sqm

Units: 59 residential

Expertise: Architecture

Collaborators: Faithful & Gould, Smith & Wallwork, Max Fordham, LDA, Warm, RG Carter, Beacon Planning