以色列殡葬建筑的哀悼之美

来自

Ron Shenkin studio

位于以色列Pardesia一片墓地前的该构筑物是送葬者集合地，以及葬礼前和葬礼进行中诵读悼词之地。

The structure functions as a place of convergence of mourners and for the reading of eulogies prior to and during the burial. It’s essential nature is that of a pavilion or open sided shelter and is located next to the cemetery.

该建筑有两个入口，其中较小的供逝者家属使用。

另一个较大入口供其他送葬者使用，该入口可直达空旷建筑。此建筑正面朝北，此面为全开放式，它的位置也使一些追悼者可保持一定距离参与葬礼，同时在建筑外提供了一片荫蔽区域。共有两个出口通向葬礼区，其中一个方便进出，到达另一出口需经过一段楼梯。

The building is comprised of two entrances, the smaller of the two serves the family of the deceased.

The second and larger entrance serves the rest of the mourners, this entry allows easy access to the spacious building. One side of the front of the building remains open to the north. The positioning of the structure also allows, those mourners who prefer to remain at a distance, a sense of closeness to the proceedings and a shaded area that is not inside the structure itself.

There are two exits leading to the burial lots, one of which is easily accessible and the other is via a flight of stairs.

建筑西侧的一面坚固石墙，可挡住午后阳光的直射，墙上一扇狭长的窗户提供了必须的光照。

The structure has one solid stone wall to the west which serves to block any direct afternoon sunlight except what is allowed through via a long narrow window.

该建筑所在的区域被一片果园环绕，这片果园最初是为一个商住项目腾出空间栽种的。在设计过程中我们决定通过在乡村竖起一座纪念碑的方法融入周围环境。但纪念碑因城市改造已被拆除。

纪念碑由一块露石混凝土板构成，象征着结构的延伸。树形金属柱支撑着混凝土板，这块混凝土板现在已被砍掉。一棵橡树保留在了建筑内。开放式天花板展现了这棵活树和金属象征树之间的“对话”。

The area in which the structure is situated was surrounded by orchards which were originally raised to make space for new residential and commercial building projects. During the design process we decided to take the surroundings into consideration By erecting a monument to the rural surroundings that were demolished for urban repurposing.

The monument consists of an exposed concrete slab symbolizing the expansion of construction. The slab is stabilized by tree-shaped metal pillars denoting the trees that were cut down. One oak tree remains within the structure. The ceiling above the tree was left open to allow for the presence of the tree to create a dialogue between the living tree and the metal symbols.

建筑北侧有一条混凝土带，自西侧地下一直顺着窗户向上攀爬直到屋顶、天花板和墙上，最后又回到地面，就像人从尘土中来，最后又归于尘土。建筑的材质和色调是单色的，大部分为灰色，带来一种整洁、中性和悲伤之感。

On the northern side of the building there is a line of concrete, beginning in the ground on the west side and climbing up through the window. Ascending to the roof, ceilings and walls and making its final decent back to the ground – like a man who comes from dust and to dust returns.

The building materials and color pallet are Monochromatic consisting mostly of shades of grays and providing a sense of cleanliness, neutrality and sadness.

晚上，建筑内外均被点亮。

During the evening the building is lit from the inside and out.

计划和施工过程:通过电脑软件设计超过300块大小形状不一的板材，最终拼装出该建筑。将这些板材运送至工地由施工队拼装完成。将金属树结构运送至工地并按照设计进行拼装。利用剩余板材将墙筑好后，工程师对所有铁工和结构设计进行批复认可。混凝土浇筑墙体和屋顶在一天内完成。

Plans and construction process:

The structure is designed using more than 300 panels of differing sizes and shapes and fitted together by computer software.

The panels were brought to the construction site and assembled by a team of contractors.

The metal ‘tree’ structures were brought to the site and assembled as per the design.

All iron works and structural designs were approved by engineers after which the walls were constructed by the remaining pallets. The concrete for the walls and roof was poured in one day.

Location: Pardesia, Israel

Area: 3,465 .0 ft2

Project Year: 2014-2015

Photographs: Shai Epstein

Contractor: A.D. Haled

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