英国 Sartfell 山间住宅 | 融入自然的生态家园

“Sartfell山间住宅的特别之处在于，它仿佛是从地球上自然生长出来的一部分，长久地为住户提供着一片能与周围环境、气候和动植物和谐共生的栖息之地。”Foster Lomas的联合创始人Will Foster说道。

‘Sartfell Retreat is one of those rare projects which appears to emerge out of the earth, providing a sense of permanence and protection for the clients to live with, and amongst the elements of the weather, wildlife and local ecology’– Will Foster, Co-founder of Foster Lomas

▼项目概览，project overview

这座独特的住宅坐落于英国马恩岛Sartfell山的一块七英亩的土地，由客户委托建筑事务所Foster Lomas与当地慈善机构Manx Wildlife Trust共同打造。本次项目的客户是一对退休的科学家和教师夫妇，他们在昆虫神经学、动物学和生物科学方面拥有广泛的专业知识和兴趣。他们对项目的诉求是尽可能地维持场地内原有的生态环境，以尊重该岛作为联合国教科文组织世界生物圈地区的新地位。

该项目是山区总体规划的一部分，另一部分是同样由Foster Lomas设计的游客中心。作为生物多样性的重要教育平台，项目已于近日获得了当地政府规划局的批准。

The practice Foster Lomas has completed a unique house set in a 7-acre site on Sartfell Mountain, Isle of Man. The retreat is the result of a unique collaboration between the clients – a retired scientist and a retired teacher with a broad range of specialisms and interests in insect neurology, zoology and biological science, the architect Foster Lomas and the local charity Manx Wildlife Trust. The clients’ commitment to the project was borne out of their deep respect for the island’s new status as a UNESCO world biosphere region.

The project forms part of a master plan whose vision will see the addition of a Visitors’ Centre, serving as an important educational platform about biodiversity, recently granted planning permission.

▼厚度达620毫米的干石外墙，dry stone walls up to 620 mm thick

住宅的干石外墙由当地工匠手工堆砌而成。墙壁沿着地形的走势不断蜿蜒，为周遭动植物预留出了更多生存空间。由干草堆和原生野花构成的极具生物多样性的绿色屋顶，促进了住宅与环境的进一步融合。项目的每个设计细节都充分体现了对现有自然特征的细致关注。团队在正式施工的前一年将一个气象站安置在了场地内，以收集重要的天气数据，从而最终推动项目的实施。

▼墙体设计示意图，wall design diagram

The design of the retreat is constructed using drystone walls, meticulously executed by local craftsmen. The walls weave through the site and are embedded with a three quarter open bed to allow local ecology to inhabit the voids. Carbon-capturing hay base and native wildflower planting create the house’s biodiverse green roofs, complementing the drystone walls and further blending the dwelling with its environment. The careful attention to the characteristics of the existing nature can be seen in all aspects of the design. A weather station was installed on the site a year prior to construction to gather important data, ultimately driving the form of the building.

▼墙壁沿着地形的走势不断蜿蜒，为周遭动植物预留出了更多生存空间，the walls weave through the site and are embedded with a three quarter open bed to allow local ecology to inhabit the voids

▼石墙立面细部，details of the walls

卧室被设置在了住宅的底层空间，石墙的厚度从窗台和门框等地方均可窥见。位于上层的起居空间拥有沿着墙体蜿蜒、类似观鸟台的全景窗户带。在这里，整片山脉、甚至远至海岸的景色都能尽收眼底。带有耐候钢板边框的窗户内嵌于墙体之中，有效的防止了阳光的辐射。

▼沿着墙体蜿蜒、类似观鸟台的全景窗户带，the living floor engages with the expansive views across the landscape and as far as the coast

The new construction arranges the bedrooms on the lower ground level accommodation, where deep reveals puncture the walls demonstrating the mass of the 620 mm walls. On the upper ground level, the living floor engages with the expansive views across the landscape and as far as the coast, with a ribbon window reminiscent of a scaled up bird hide. The windows are set back and framed with Corten steel plate, preventing solar gain and reducing reflections.

▼整片山脉、甚至远至海岸的景色都能尽收眼底， the living floor engages with the expansive views across the landscape and as far as the coast

▼蜿蜒的窗户带还为室内带来了充足的日光，winding window belts also provide plenty of daylight

▼窗户带细部，details of the windows

▼窗外的自然风景，the natural scenery outside the window

所有空间都围绕楼梯区域排列，巧妙地形成了一个可以容纳图书馆的三角平面。被称为“知识中心”的图书馆贯穿了整个三层空间，是本次项目的核心。它代表了户主夫妇对这片土地以及未来几代科学家、教育家和野生动物爱好者的长期愿景。

All the spaces are ordered around a staircase core forming a triangular plan which cunningly houses the library. Running throughout the three levels, the ‘Knowledge Centre’, as the library has come to be known, is at the heart of the scheme. It signifies the long-term vision that the clients have for the place and for future generations of scientists, educators and wildlife enthusiasts.

▼从厨房看向图书馆区域，view from the kitchen to the library area

▼所有空间都围绕楼梯区域排列，巧妙地形成了一个可以容纳图书馆的三角平面，all the spaces are ordered around a staircase core forming a triangular plan which cunningly houses the library

楼梯顶部有一扇天窗。它在充当书房的天框的同时，将闪烁的光影引入室内核心区域，从而赋予空间更多的活力。楼梯的指向也极富诗意，将不同楼层的空间引向窗外不同的美景。

The drama of the staircase is topped with a clerestory which frames the study whilst capturing the shifting light of the island throwing shafts of luminescence into the core and animating the concrete interior. The poetic orientation of the staircase aligns the ascendance with views up to the mountain, whilst the descent directs views down into the valley.

▼楼梯顶部的天窗将闪烁的光影引入室内核心区域，a skylight at the top of the staircase brings flickering light into the interior core

▼图书馆空间细部，details of the library

▼卧室，the bedroom

▼卧室窗台细部，details of the bedroom window

▼傍晚的住宅景象，the evening scene of the house

Location: Upper Sartfell, Kirk Michael, Isle of Man, IM6 1BE

Site Area: 7.5 acres

Gross Floor area (House): 300m2

Value: £1m

Environmental rating: designed to be ‘A’ rated; zero carbon regulated energy use

Project period: June 2013 to August 2018

Project Credits

Architect: Foster Lomas

Client: Private

Main contractor: Organic Construction Solutions

Structural engineers: Conisbee

MEP engineer: XCO2

Environmental consultant: XCO2

Cost consultant: Corrigan Street Ltd (UK), Les Beardon (Isle of Man)

Landscape: Foster Lomas, Clients and Manx Wildlife Trust

Photographs: Edmund Sumner, Greg Lomas