苏黎世美术馆新馆 · 传统与现代的融合

由瑞士建筑师Karl Moser设计的苏黎世美术馆修建于1904年至1910年间，位于苏黎世市中心的Heimplatz广场，在这座广场对面，David Chipperfield Architects位于柏林的事务所修建了一座新的建筑，作为既有美术馆的延伸。新的建筑将展出一系列经典现代主义作品，包括Bührle系列收藏、临时展览以及1960年代以来的当代艺术作品，并将与广场东侧的Schauspielhaus剧院共同构成一座“艺术之门”，同时也为北面的大学城提供新的城市路径。

The Kunsthaus Zürich, designed by the Swiss architect Karl Moser, was built between 1904 and 1910 and is situated on Heimplatz, a square in Zurich’s city centre. The existing museum is to be expanded with a new building on the opposite side of the square, designed by David Chipperfield Architects Berlin. The new extension will display a collection of classic modernism, the Bührle Collection, temporary exhibitions and a contemporary art collection starting from the 1960s. Together with the Schauspielhaus (theatre) on the eastern side of the square, the museum buildings will form a ‘gateway to the arts’, an urban entry to the education mile leading to the university buildings to the north.

▼建筑概览，exterior overview

设计方案意图在广场的北边构建一个清晰的几何体量，从而定义出两个全新的公共空间：由朝向南面的建筑围合而成的城市广场，以及与之相对的、朝向北面的艺术花园。向公众开放的大厅横跨了整个建筑的长度，将这两个城市空间连接起来。面向广场和花园的大型入口与其周围环境建立了密切的联系，并通过分布在每个立面上的巨大窗户得到进一步强调。新建筑的立面选择了传统的石砌表面，与既有的美术馆和苏黎世其他重要的公共建筑形成了呼应。细长的壁柱有规律地间隔排布，经过切割的石灰石砖料使传统与现代风格相互交织，将建筑嵌入其所在的城市环境当中。

The urban concept envisages the placement of a clear geometric volume on the north edge of the square, resulting in the definition of two new public spaces – an urban square framed by architecture to the south and the art garden acting as a natural counterpoint to the north. A publicly accessible hall, which spans the full length of the building, creates a link between these two new urban spaces. The large entrances facing the square and garden create a strong relationship with the surrounding city, while large windows on all sides of the building strengthen this connection. The façade of the extension is determined by traditional stone façades, which can be found in the existing museum as well as other significant, public buildings in Zurich. Slender pilaster strips placed at regular intervals and the sawn limestone surface interweave tradition with the present and embed the building in its urban context.

▼从广场望向建筑，view from Heimplatz

▼从艺术花园望向建筑，view from the garden

建筑平面的设计遵循了“由房间构成房子”的思路，将所有公共设施，如咖啡厅/餐吧、活动大厅、美术馆商店和教育服务空间等，均安排在一楼的中央入口大厅周围。公众既可以从花园进入美术馆，也可从活跃的广场进入。美术馆上方的两个楼层用作展览空间，并分为一系列大小不一的房间。在二层，日光从侧面的窗户射入内部，三层的光照则来自于顶部的天窗，能够起到指示方向和时间的作用。

The floor plan of the building is based on the idea of a ‘house of rooms’. All public facilities, such as café/bar, event hall, museum shop and education services, are arranged at ground floor level around the central entrance hall. The hall is accessible to the public from both the garden and Heimplatz, breathing new life into the square. The two upper floors are reserved for the display of art, with the exhibition spaces forming a sequence of rooms of varying size. Daylight enters the building from the side on the first floor and through skylight openings on the second floor, giving the visitor orientation in terms of both time and space.

▼中央大厅一层，Central hall, Ground floor

▼中央大厅二层，Central hall, First floor

▼美术馆商店立面，Shop façade

▼商店内部，Museum shop

▼餐吧入口，Bar entrance

▼餐吧内部，Bar interior view

▼总平面图，master plan

▼一层平面图，ground floor plan

▼立面图，elevations

▼剖面图，sections

Competition: 2008

Project start: 2009

Construction start: 2013

Completion due: 2020

Opening due: 2020

Gross floor area: 23,300 ㎡

Client: Einfache Gesellschaft Kunsthaus Erweiterung – EGKE

Architect: David Chipperfield Architects Berlin

Partners: David Chipperfield, Christoph Felger (Design lead), Harald Müller

Project architects: Hans Krause (Competition), Barbara Koller (2009 – 2017), Jan Parth (Site design supervision)Project team: Markus Bauer, Wolfgang Baumeister, Leander Bulst, Kristen Finke, Pavel Frank, Ludwig Jahn, Guido Kappius, Ahmad Moutad, Jan Philip Neuer, Mariska Rohde, Diana Schaffrannek, Eva-Maria Stadelmann, Marc Warrington, Robert Westphal

Competition team: Ivan Dimitrov, Kristen Finke, Annette Flohrschütz, Pavel Frank, Gesche Gerber, Dalia Liksaite, Peter von Matuschka, Sebastian von Oppen, Mariska Rohde, Franziska Rusch, Lilli Scherner, Antonia Schlegel, Lani Tran Duc, Marc Warrington

In collaboration with

Executive architect: b+p baurealisation ag, Zurich

Structural engineer: IGB Ingenieurgruppe Bauen, Karlsruhedsp – Ingenieure & Planer AG, Greifensee Ingenieurgemeinschaft Kunsthauserweiterung, Zurich

Services engineer: Polke, Ziege, von Moos AG, ZurichHefti. Hess. Martignoni. Holding AG, Aarau

Building physics: Kopitsis Bauphysik AG, Wohlen

Fire consultant: Gruner AG, BaselContiSwiss, Zurich

Façade consultant: Emmer Pfenninger Partner AG, Münchenstein

Lighting consultant: matí AG Lichtgestaltung, Adliswil (Arti cial light) Institut für Tageslichttechnik, Stuttgart (Daylight)

Landscape architect: Wirtz International nv, SchotenKOLB Landschaftsarchitektur GmbH, Zurich