城市绿洲 · 巴黎 Porte des Lilas 步行花园

为了让Porte des Lilas市民可以享受高质的生活和友好的城市环境，需要建设一个自然化的安静步行花园。Territoires在2005年的公开竞赛中夺得头筹。历经多年，这个位于繁忙交通枢纽之上的花园于2011年开放。花园内部允许人行和自行车通行，其外部未影响周围原有的交通，且避开交通噪音等不利影响。

这个环保的花园具有雨水收集的功能，植物按照路径布置。宽广平滑的线性人行道成为有效的流通路径。这个谦虚的花园以适当的姿态融入环境。

林荫大道直接通往花园中心，中心是一片开放区域，主要以低矮的草地植物为主，中心区域是茂密的较高植物。花园的池塘与地下的大型蓄水装置相通，为整个花园的水管理做出了生态有效的贡献。每个区域的树下都有着不同的功能：游戏，阅读，园艺。这些功能被线性的路径串联起来，适应着大家的各种需求。

这个新兴的花园能够让人们在里面找到自己的天地，并通过交互实现双向改变。这对人们的生活方式产生了影响。很多人们即便绕点园路，每天也会到这里走走停停。从早到晚，这里发生着各种各样的活动。

在夜晚，花园会被关闭。设计师设置了比巴黎通常景观光照强度要小的柔和灯光，人们可以在花园周围的设施休息。

The need to cover the ring road at the Porte des Lilas answers to a desire expressed by people to finally be able to enjoy a proper quality of life and a friendly urban environment. Basically the population wanted an area where it would be possible to walk, have a garden, play, and find both nature and quietness.

The city of Paris was willing to rebuild an urban link or relationship with neighbourhood cities of Lilas and Pré Saint Gervais, install a bus hub and host a permanent circus. The project is designed to connect the two sides of the ring road and focus on the use for pedestrians and bicycles, without removing car traffic from the périphérique.

The city of Paris has given the SEMAVIP (public and private company) the development mission of the area of the Porte des Lilas. A team of urban planners and landscape architects identified, in collaboration with the neighbourhood associations, a program that would fit for this area. They defined the position and size of the garden, the position of the bus hub and the location of the circus. They also defined the principles of pedestrian routes. A contest between several lanscape architects was launched in 2004. TERRITORIES won the contest in 2005.

The project argues that the nature lives within the city and that it is indeed feasible to further its development at several scales. The capstone of the ring road and the roofs of the buildings around become rain water providers for the garden by filling the center pond. The management of the garden will allow the plants brought by the wind of the ring road to expand and modify its composition. A wide and smooth footpath, that we called la ficelle (the thread), will connect the two sides following a simple and fluid route. Finally, a belvedere (viewpoint) of Paris geography and of the traffic on the ring road will be built. We didn’t want to hide. We wanted to reconciliate.

The project organizes the garden around a large open space in the center, that matches the layout of the device. The vegetation is concentrated on both sides. The central space is dedicated to the lawn and the meadow is left free. The gardens are located along the axis that links the boulevard to the point of view. The pond in the center is the place to harvest rainwater in addition to a large underground tank. Thanks to the pond, the garden can be grown and shown, and develop a living environment. On each side, under the trees, lay the other functions of the garden (children’s games, reading room, home of the gardeners…).

All these functions are connected by the “Ficelle” that draws many laces between Paris and Les Lilas. The nature in the garden is not decorative. It corresponds to a situation. The project implements the conditions for its development, as varied as possible. Each area of the garden is a new option to drag the plant, even on the walls along the “Ficelle”.

The garden is still young. For now people are discovering with delight the opportunity to find an area of peace close to their home. The gardens by themselves are a great experience. It is a real revolution for the residents lifestyle and lifespace. Everyday they go through the garden in order to cross the ring road, even if it lengthens their journey. People will try all sorts of activities, from dawn to dusk.

During the night, the garden is closed. There is only a very soft light. We asked to reduce the amount of light more than usual in Paris, i order to allow the garden, and the people around, to rest, above the “périph’”.

Landscape Designer: Territoires

Location: Porte des Lilas, Paris, France

Project Year: 2011

Photographs: Nicolas Waltefaugle

Architects: Matthieu Gelin & David Lafon Architecte

Project Area: 24000.0 sqm

Light Designer: Light Cible

Structure/Economy/Fluids Engineer: Integral 4

Road Engineer: ATPI

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