湖北竹山五福山水龙家宴餐厅丨中国湖北丨小写建筑事务所

五福山水龙家宴餐厅位于湖北省竹山县宝丰镇龙井村。作为五福龙井智慧农创园的端头节点，业主希望有一个特色的餐饮空间，可以让游园、研学和乡民便于在此地尽享美食。项目同时紧邻龙井村的精神要地——古树龙井广场，业主希望新的建筑和场所可以与之关联，并形成视觉和动线上的某种契合。

Wufu Shanshui Dragon Family Banquet Restaurant is located in Longjing Village, Baofeng Town, Zhushan County, Hubei Province. As the head node of Wufu Longjing Smart Agricultural Innovation Park, the owner hopes to have a characteristic catering space, which can make it convenient for amusement, research and villagers to enjoy food here. The project is also close to the spiritual place of Longjing Village—- the ancient tree Longjing Square, and the owner hopes that the new buildings and places can be associated with it and form a certain fit between the visual and moving lines.

▼项目一瞥，Preview © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

龙井村，以古树、龙井、龙泉闻名，并盛产茶叶。社区风貌在上一轮的乡村振兴后，已经俨然一副白墙灰瓦的统一面孔；龙井广场同样焕然一新，成为村头唯一的聚集场所。

Longjing Village is famous for ancient trees, Longjing, Longquan, and is rich in tea. After the last round of rural revitalization, the community style has become like a unified face of white walls and gray tiles; Longjing Square has also been renovated and has become the only gathering place at the head of the village.

▼远景鸟瞰，Aerial view © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

▼近景鸟瞰，Close-up aerial view © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

▼半鸟瞰，Semi aerial view © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

设计任务要求可以同时容纳24桌，并具有大小不一、独立空间的就餐场所，可以适应临时的或者预订式的接待，包括聚会或者婚礼式餐饮服务。项目用地狭长，紧邻龙井广场，并无严格的方向性。村落的自由生长进一步削弱了新建建筑布局的秩序感，唯一的参照来自于龙井古树，作为某种不可见的“朝向”。

The design task required a dining space that could accommodate up to 24 tables at a time, with varying sizes and individual Spaces that could accommodate temporary or reservation-style receptions, including party or wedding catering services. The project site is narrow and long, close to Longjing Square, and there is no strict direction. The free growth of the village further weakens the sense of order in the layout of the new building, and the only reference comes from the ancient Longjing trees, serving as as some kind of invisible “orientation”.

▼夜间建筑立面，Exterior view by night © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

▼夜间建筑体量鸟瞰，Aerial view by night © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

零散的盒子 Scattered Boxes

根据功能需求，建筑被划分为20个相对独立的单元，包括餐厅、卫生间和接待空间等。每个餐饮空间面积各异，可以容纳一桌至四桌不等。它们线性排列，从一排到双排，从独立到连接，组合成丰富有效的巷道空间。北侧单元朝向逐渐变化，并最终组合成具有向心（古树）性的建筑界面。

According to functional requirements, the building is divided into 20 relatively independent units, including restaurants, bathrooms, and reception spaces. Each dining space varies in size and can accommodate from one to four tables. They are linearly arranged, from single rows to double rows, from independent to connected, and combined into a rich and effective laneway space. The north-facing units gradually change and eventually combine into a building interface with a centripetal nature (like buildings surround ancient tree).

▼顶视图，Rooftop view © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

每个盒子在面向景观方向开敞，在获得私密性保证的同时尽可能多的收纳乡野景观。接待单元紧邻入口布置，提供新的面向关系，有效破除了建筑单一的几何形态，形成丰富的入口视觉。

Each box is open towards the landscape, maximizing the inclusion of rural scenery while ensuring privacy. The reception units are located next to the entrance, providing new spatial relationships and effectively breaking the monotony of the building’s geometric form, creating a rich visual experience at the entrance.

▼人视局部，View from the ground level © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

▼檐下空间，The covered volumes © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

整个建筑并未设置严格的进入管理，这进一步加强了建筑的开放性特征。观者可以从多个方向进入，犹如抵达一处村落。不同大小的盒子，因为地形的关系起伏不定，并根据空间大小设置了不同盒子的内部层高，可以让使用者在相似的体量里产生不同的身体感受，进而获得体验的丰富性。

The entire building does not have strict access management, further emphasizing its openness. Viewers can enter from multiple directions, as if arriving at a village. Due to the variation in terrain, the different sizes of boxes have varying internal heights, allowing users to experience different bodily sensations within similar volumes, enriching the overall experience.

▼棚下主入口，Main entrance © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

统一的屋面 Unified Roof

所有自由的盒子最终被统一在一个轻盈的屋面下。连续起伏的屋面顺应了盒子与地形，并最终为其提供遮阳和避雨作用。盒子以外的开敞空间则提供驻足、休憩、或者面面相觑。中部区域的高空间提示了出入口的仪式感，西侧下压的外廊部分，则可以有效收紧视线，成为接近民宅的外檐尺度。整个屋面和主体盒子严格脱开，完全不参与单元盒子的空间维护结构。在小屋面与大屋顶之间留出空隙，让风和视线穿过。

▼轴侧分解图，Exploded axon ©小写建筑事务所

▼棚下主入口，Canopy © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

All the free-standing boxes are ultimately unified under a lightweight roof. The undulating roof follows the contour of the boxes and the terrain, providing shade and shelter. Open spaces outside the boxes offer places to stop, rest, or meet each other’s gaze. The high space in the central area suggests the ritual sense of the entrance, and the outer corridor part of the west side can effectively tighten the line of sight and become the scale of the outer eaves close to the private house. The whole roof and the main box are strictly detached, and do not participate in the spatial maintenance structure of the unit box. Leave a gap between the small roof and the large roof to allow wind and sight to pass through.

▼棚下空间，Space sheltered by the canopy © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

▼巷道空间，Alleys  © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

▼小屋面与大屋顶之间留出空隙，让风和视线穿过，The gap between the small roof and the large roof allows wind and sight to pass through © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

选用油毡瓦作为屋面材料，除了考虑材料本身的重量外，便于施工、相对廉价和容易塑型也是其重要因素。

The selection of linoleum tile as a roofing material, in addition to considering the weight of the material itself, easy construction, relatively cheap and easy to shape is also an important factor.

▼屋顶局部，Roof structure © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

自由的结构 Free structure

整个建筑包含两种结构。规整的、几何的功能“盒子”以框架结构为主，便于当地工人识图，有一定的准确性保证。大屋顶则通过钢结构支撑，采用更为工业化的建造方式。考虑到柱子的长细比，为了尽可能缩小柱子截面，让相对小的（直径9公分）钢柱位于梁上，相对大的（直径10公分）钢柱落于地面，是一种有效举措。从而使得支撑体系在视觉表现上相对自由。180X90x4.5×4.5的钢梁作为主要横向支撑，依据屋顶高度搭接。采用半刚半铰的连接方式，是为了能够约束梁在支座的转动，并能递一定的弯矩和剪力。裸露的钢柱、钢梁和檩条构建，在木质底板的衬托下，逐步统一到结构的秩序里。

The entire building consists of two types of structures. The regular geometric functional “boxes” are primarily framed structures, making it easier for local workers to understand and ensure a certain level of accuracy. The large roof is supported by a steel structure and uses a more industrialized construction method. Considering the aspect ratio of the columns, an effective measure is taken to minimize the column cross-section by placing relatively small (9 cm diameter) steel columns on the beams and relatively large (10 cm diameter) steel columns on the ground. This allows the support system to have a relatively free visual expression. The main horizontal support is provided by steel beams measuring 180x90x4.5×4.5, which are overlapped based on the height of the roof. The semi-rigid and semi-hinged connection method is used to restrain the rotation of the beams on the supports and to transmit a certain bending moment and shear force. The exposed steel columns, beams, and purlins gradually integrate into the structural order with the support of the wooden floor.

▼檐下空间，The sheltered public space © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

低技的丰富 Low-tech richness

通过对乡村自建房的观察，类似的自由屋顶搭建成为近20年来乡村建筑的生长特点。这种自发的、半工业性的建造，重塑了21世纪乡村建筑的屋顶面貌，是城市化进程里的直接结果，是农村建造的工业性体现。钢结构公司、轻型金属屋面厂家逐渐成为乡镇建造体系里面的生力军。借助这种半工业化体系，真实的面对乡镇建造现状，克制对复杂节点的外部表现，合理处理建筑本身的内外关系，可以在紧张的预算里找到适量的平衡。

Through the observation of rural self-built houses, similar free roof construction has become the growth characteristics of rural buildings in the past 20 years. This spontaneous, semi-industrial construction, reshaping the roof of rural architecture in the 21st century, is a direct result of the process of urbanization, and is the industrial embodiment of rural construction. Steel structure companies and light metal roofing manufacturers have gradually become the new force in the township construction system. With the help of this semi-industrial system, we can truly face the status quo of township construction, restrain the external performance of complex nodes, and reasonably deal with the internal and external relations of the building itself, which can find an appropriate balance in the tight budget.

▼半工业性的建造，Semi-industrial construction © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

▼建筑夜景，Night view © 何炼 直译建筑摄影

▼总平面图，site plan ©小写建筑事务所

▼平面，plan ©小写建筑事务所

▼南立面图，south elevation ©小写建筑事务所

▼西立面图，west elevation ©小写建筑事务所

▼剖面，section ©小写建筑事务所