阿那亚金山岭中心小镇景观（山境）丨中国河北丨致舍景观

2023/11/03 16:19:41

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北京位于华北平原北部，被群山环绕；五环内的市区却基本是一片平坦的地貌，正南正北的布局，宽阔的街道，林立的高楼，展现了现代都市的高效繁华和快节奏。

然而，当人们在市区生活久了，往往会越发地向往大自然，渴望被山林所环抱和滋养。

金山岭位于北京与河北承德之间，距离北京市约 150 公里。阿那亚金山岭项目坐落在群山之中，被北方中国所特有一种的层峦叠嶂和峻峭山色所环绕。

山脊上，历经数百年风霜金山岭长城壮观而绵延，大拙至美。

Beijing is located in the northern part of the North China Plain, surrounded by mountains. The urban area within the fifth ring road is mostly flat, with a north-south layout, wide streets, and towering buildings, showcasing the high efficiency and fast pace of modern cities. However, people who have lived in the city for a long time often yearn for nature,mountains and forests. Jinshanling is located between Beijing and Chengde in Hebei Province, about 150 kilometers from Beijing. The Aranya Jinshanling project is located in the mountains, surrounded by the unique layer upon layer of mountains and steep mountain colors of northern China. On the ridge, the magnificent Jinshanling Great Wall has been through wind and frost for hundreds of years, which is magnificent and beautiful.

▼山林和金山岭长城，Mountains and Jinshanling Great Wall © 栾祺

既在群山之中，到达，便不会很直接。进入京郊山区，窗外的山峦连绵起伏，乡村、溪谷渐渐映入眼帘。随着车行的深入，一条盘山路逐渐变得崎岖和蜿蜒曲折，翻过陡峭的山峦和林间，沿着这条“最美回家路”到达山顶，便来到阿那亚金山岭。在途中，从宏大的城市空间渐渐来到被群山环抱的庇护所，视野被山野所洗涤，心灵得以宁静。

It’s not straightforward to reach Jinshanling as it’s located in the mountains. When entering the suburban mountainous area of Beijing, you will see continuous mountain ranges outside the window, and gradually see villages and streams. As you go deeper into the mountains by car, a winding mountain road gradually becomes rugged and winding. After crossing steep mountains and forests along this “most beautiful way home” to reach the top of the mountain, you will arrive at Aranya Jinshanling. On the way, you gradually move from a grand urban space to a shelter surrounded by mountains. Your vision is washed by the mountains and your mind is peaceful.

▼“最美回家路”，”The most beautiful way Home” © 栾祺

致舍景观设计的金山岭中心小镇部分位于项目的山谷中心，占地约六公顷，由山境 LOFT、艺术家工作室、社区大草坪组成。它象是一颗被包裹的新芽，周围是半山别墅和精神建筑，再外围是绵延起伏的山体和金山岭长城。中心小镇承载着项目主要的公共配套功能，包括：食堂、餐厅、市集、亲子中心、汤泉、酒店、书店、小商业等。它服务于全社区，容纳社区生活日常，以基础的绿色空间为基底，为邻里聚会社交、运动休憩、亲子游乐等提供场所。

▼金山岭中心小镇，The central town of Jinshanling ©Z’scape

The central town of Jinshanling designed by Z’scape is located in the valley center of the project, covering an area of about six hectares. It consists of Shanjing LOFT, Artist Studios, and Community Lawn. It’s like a new bud wrapped around it. Surrounding it are villas and spiritual buildings, and outside are undulating mountains and Jinshanling Great Wall. The central town has the main public supporting functions of the project, including cafeteria, restaurants, market, Children’s Center, Onsen, hotels, bookstores, small businesses, etc. It serves the entire community and accommodates daily life in the community. Based on basic green space, it provides places for neighborhood gatherings, socializing, sports and leisure activities for children.

▼中心小镇服务于全社区，容纳社区生活日常，The central town serves the whole community and accommodates the daily life of the community ©周婷、栾祺

这里是大山中的小世界，根植在长城山谷中，有远山近邻，质朴而温情。

金山岭中心小镇景观的设计目标是在被山环抱的自然场域中构建一个能满足社区公共活动需求的公共空间。通过营造多种尺度的、灵活使用的景观场所，实现并促进人与自然、邻里之间的联系和互动交流，增大人们分享和参与的意愿，进一步激发社区的公共活力；让阿那亚金山岭成为山居生活的温暖家园，让安静的艺术文化气息和温情的邻里烟火气并存。

This is a small world in the mountains,rooted in the valley of the Great Wall,with distant mountains nearby that are simple yet warm-hearted.The design goal of Jinshanling Central Town Landscape is to build a public space that can meet community public activity needs in a natural field surrounded by mountains.By creating landscape places of various scales that are flexible to use,it realizes and promotes interaction between people and nature and between neighbors to increase people’s willingness to share and participate,further stimulate public vitality in communities;let Aranya Jinshanling become a warm home for mountain living where quiet artistic culture coexists with warm neighborhood.

▼山居生活的温暖家园，A warm home for mountain life ©周婷、栾祺

▼言 YANBOOKS，YANBOOKS © 栾祺

▼山谷酒吧，Valley Bar © 栾祺

▼He BURGER、拾味山谷中餐厅，He BURGER, Chinese Restaurant © 栾祺

山境 LOFT Shanjing LOFT

中心小镇已建成的——山境 LOFT，建筑高约 20 米，用围合曲折的方式来回应周围群山、长城与场地的关系；红色敦实的砖墙立面给来到金山岭的人们留下了深刻的印象。原场地的高差超过十米，景观设计因地就势，发挥场地的高差价值，将建筑围合的景观空间分成了三个至上而下的台地。用纵向的“长城走廊”从高到低串联起景观节点：“溪流园”——“长城聚会花园”——亲子中心儿童游乐园——“树桌花园”——“草丘园”，不同的节点空间承载多样性的社群生活。

▼中心小镇原场地高差，Central town original site height difference ©Z’scape

▼山境景观结构，Mountain landscape structure©Z’scape

The Shanjing LOFT is a part of the central town that has already been built. The building is about 20 meters high and responds to the surrounding mountains, the Great Wall, and the site by enclosing it in a winding way. The solid red brick wall facade leaves a deep impression on people who come to Jinshanling.

The original site had a height difference of more than ten meters. The landscape design made use of the value of the height difference of the site and divided the landscape space enclosed by the building into three terraces from top to bottom. The vertical “Great Wall Corridor” connects landscape nodes from high to low: “Stream Garden” – “Great Wall Gathering Garden” – Children’s Center Playground – “Tree Table Garden” – “Grass Mound Garden”, and different node spaces carry diverse community life.

▼山境鸟瞰，A bird’s-eye view of Shanjing LOFT © 栾祺

▼山境鸟瞰，A bird ‘s-eye view of Shanjing LOFT © 栾祺

▼山境与山的关系，The relationship between Shanjing LOFT and mountain © 阿那亚

“长城走廊”的这一纵贯山境的步行通道，以线穿点，不仅是山境 LOFT 居民的归家之路，同时也是连接不同区域间的公共步行通廊。既有林下弯曲的漫步归家道，也有更能突出山地项目特色的台阶步道：一道折型和一道直线型台阶。它们既解决场地三个台地之间五米和六米的高差，也体现了设计语汇的简洁和有力。

The “Great Wall Corridor,” a vertical walking path that traverses the mountainous area, not only serves as a homecoming road for Shanjing LOFT residents but also connects public walking corridors between different areas. It has both a winding path under the forest and a stepped path that highlights the characteristics of mountain projects: a folded step and a straight step. They not only solve the height difference of five meters and six meters between the three terraces but also reflect the simplicity and strength of design vocabulary.

▼折线型的 “长城走廊”，Curved “Great Wall corridor”

©周婷、栾祺

▼直线型的 “长城走廊”，Rectilinear “Great Wall corridor” © 栾祺

▼直线型的 “长城走廊”，Rectilinear “Great Wall corridor” © 栾祺

溪流园位于山境的入口，也是中心小镇的最高处。结合整个中心小镇的竖向设计和水策略，将山林间的溪流、置石等自然情境在此呈现，表达“小桥流水人家”的意境。

在水景端头设置一处山石和涌泉，用“清泉石上流”的潺潺流水声，引人入胜，强调山林间归家的自然感受。

溪流园池底是用片岩拼贴而成，工法细致，用流动感的肌理表达韵律和趣味。

在北方寒冷漫长的冬季没有水的时候，“水落石出”也能成为一处景致。

The Stream Garden is located at the entrance of Shanjing LOFT and is also the highest point of the central town. Combining with the vertical design and water strategy of the entire central town, it presents natural situations such as streams and stones in the mountains and forests, expressing an artistic conception of “small bridge, flowing water, and people’s homes.” A mountain stone and spring are set at the end of the water scene, using the sound of gurgling water to attract people, emphasizing the natural feeling of returning home in mountains and forests. The bottom of Stream Garden pool is made of slate collage with delicate workmanship, expressing rhythm and interest with flowing texture. In winter when there is no water in cold northern China, it can also become a scenic spot.

▼山境的入口——溪流园，The Stream Garden at the entrance of Shanjing LOFT © 栾祺

▼清泉石上流，clear spring © 河狸景观摄影

长城聚会花园形式感源于长城烽火台，我们在亲子中心的屋顶上方设置了一处方形的座椅围合空间，用围合来体现“聚”，人们可以在此交谈和休憩；也可以在旁边的草坪空间上运动玩耍。

受覆土的限制不能种植乔木，所以此处开敞没有树荫，也正好为人们在秋冬的午间营造一处晒太阳的花园角落；在冬日，花园中也可以生起温暖的篝火供居民来享用户外的空间。

红砖在矮墙上的应用，界定了这个花园的入口，也呼应了建筑的语言，让景观元素的表达上有了新的组合和呈现。

The Great Wall Gathering Garden is inspired by the Great Wall beacon tower. We have set up a square seat enclosure space above the roof of the Children’s Center to reflect “gathering” and people can talk and rest here. They can also exercise and play on the lawn space. Due to the limitation of soil cover, trees cannot be planted here, so it’s open without shade, which is just right for creating a sunbathing garden corner for people in autumn and winter afternoons. In winter, a warm bonfire can also be lit in the garden for residents to enjoy outdoor space. The application of red bricks on the low wall defines the entrance of this garden and echoes the language of the building, giving new combinations and presentations to the expression of landscape elements.

▼长城聚会花园，TheGreat Wall Gathering Garden © 栾祺

▼长城聚会花园近景，TheGreat Wall Gathering Garden© 栾祺

亲子中心儿童游乐园，沿着曲折的台阶而下，便是山境台地的第二个标高面。在此处，我们将亲子中心和儿童游乐园的功能进行了有机结合。在这个户外空间中，我们设置了沙坑、蹦床等设施，为孩子们提供了一个理想的玩耍场所。此外还布置了弧形现浇混凝土座凳，为看护小孩的家长提供了便捷和舒适的休息环境。根据项目景观的整体调性，设计师挑选了游乐器具与之匹配，为孩子们提供了丰富的攀爬、滑梯、秋千等活动功能。

Children’s Center playground is located on the second rooftop of Shanjing LOFT along a winding staircase. Here, we have organically combined the functions of Children’s Center and playground. In this outdoor space, we have set up facilities such as sand pits and trampolines, providing an ideal place for children to play. In addition, we have arranged arc-shaped cast-in-place concrete benches to provide convenient and comfortable rest environment for parents who take care of their children. According to the overall tone of the project landscape, designers selected play equipment to match it, providing children with climbing, slides, swings and other activities.

▼沿着台阶而下到达儿童游乐园，Children’s Center playground is located on the second rooftop of Shanjing LOFT © 栾祺

▼儿童游乐园，Children’s Center playground ©河狸景观摄影

▼亲子中心与儿童游乐园相邻，The parent-child center is adjacent to the children’s amusement park © 栾祺

树桌花园在儿童游乐园另一侧的微地形起伏之间，一片高大的枫树林下，树桌花园若隐若现。此处是户外阅读、办公、交谈休憩等活动的理想场所。

Tree Table Garden is located under a tall maple forest between undulating terrain on the other side of the children’s playground. It’s an ideal place for outdoor reading, outdoor work, conversation and relaxation.

▼树桌花园，Tree Table Garden©周婷、栾祺

▼户外阅读、办公、交谈休憩等活动的理想场所，Tree Table Garden©周婷、栾祺

拾阶而下，草丘园位于山境台地的最低处，被公寓和山谷汤泉的建筑围合成一个静谧的空间。我们用微地形起伏营造了一个圆形的草丘，作为临时的使用，明年将有野趣水乐园在此呈现。

Grass Mound Garden is located at the lowest point of Shanjing LOFT’s elevation surface and is enclosed by apartment buildings and mountain valley hot springs to form a quiet space. We have created a circular grass mound with undulating terrain as temporary use. Next year, it will be turned into a water park.

▼草丘园，Grass Mound Garden © 河狸景观摄影

▼儿童们在草丘园骑行玩耍，

Children ride and play in a grassy garden © 栾祺

言 YAN BOOKS YAN BOOKS

言书店和艺术家工作室样板间是一组坐落在坡地上的小建筑，景观设计的难点在于处理路面和建筑入户之间的高差和组织人行路线，形成能容纳多种类型活动的建筑户外区域。景观元素如地形绿坡、树、石、台阶、扶手等能与建筑立面相组合，形成一幅完整的画面。

▼山中选石 & 施工过程，Mountain rock selection & Construction process ©Z’scape

TheYAN BOOKSand Artist Studio model room is a small building located on a slope. The difficulty of landscape design lies in dealing with the height difference between the road surface and the building entrance and organizing pedestrian routes to form an outdoor area that can accommodate various types of activities. Landscape elements such as terrain green slopes, trees, stones, steps, handrails, etc. can be combined with the building facade to form a complete picture.

▼言书店，YAN BOOKS ©周婷、栾祺

▼言书店近景，YAN BOOKS ©周婷、栾祺

▼言书店细部，YAN BOOKS ©周婷、栾祺

第一食堂与山谷市集 Cafeteria 1 and Valley Market

这是山境 LOFT 旁的一处公共建筑，兼有食堂、山谷市集和酒吧的功能。因南北面所临道路的高差，形成了嵌入式的建筑结构。景观设计细致地处理了场地的高差，组织人流交通，也为市集门口留出可供停坐的平台空间。铺装材质延用了建筑特色的红砖肌理，整体中见细节。

This is a public building next to Shanjing LOFT that serves as the cafeteria, valley market, and Breeze Bar. Due to the height difference between the north and south sides facing the road, an embedded building structure is formed. The landscape design carefully handles the height difference of the site, organizes pedestrian traffic, and also leaves a platform space for sitting at the market entrance. The paving material continues the red brick texture of the building’s characteristics, and details can be seen throughout.

▼山谷市集，Valley Market ©周婷、栾祺

▼山谷市集走道，Valley Market ©周婷、栾祺

▼红砖铺装 – 整体中见细节，Red brick paving – overall see details

探索与思考 Exploration and Thoughts

1）在自然环境如此独特的“山顶上的山谷”，中心小镇的景观设计秉持“纯粹而求极致”的理念，通过对北方山居自然情境的理解，去探索和发掘与其相宜的景观设计语汇。

作为山区小镇的公共空间，其必须满足社区群众的使用需求，既不能很野态过于粗犷，也不能沿用城市环境中常用的景观设计元素和手法。

我们在设计上追求的并非是华美的外观，而是力求与山谷自然环境和建筑相协调，在简洁、整体性很强的设计语汇中融入一些拙朴的元素、以呈现出自然的韵味。

一方面：不受任何“风格”和“式”的制约，关注点在营造合适且好用的景观空间。

另一方面：景观施工落地中设计上不断在做减法，那就保证凝练后的部分能更有品质的呈现。

在过程中，甲乙双方都积极地去试验新的材料和施工工艺，重视落地细节的极致表达。这两个坚持贯穿于整个设计过程。

The landscape design of the central town in the “mountain valley on the mountaintop” with such a unique natural environment adheres to the concept of “purity and ultimate” and explores and discovers landscape design vocabulary that is suitable for the natural environment of northern mountain dwellings. As a public space in a mountainous town, it must meet the needs of the community, not too wild or too rough, nor can it use landscape design elements and techniques commonly used in urban environments. What we pursue in design is not a gorgeous appearance but to coordinate with the natural environment and architecture of the mountain valley, and integrate some simple elements into a concise and highly integrated design vocabulary to present natural charm. On the one hand: unconstrained by any “style” or “form,” the focus is on creating suitable and usable landscape spaces. On the other hand: in the process of landscape construction, we keep doing subtraction in design, ensuring that the condensed part can be presented with better quality. During the process, both parties actively experimented with new materials and construction techniques, and attached great importance to the ultimate expression of landing details. These two principles run through the entire design process.

▼与山谷自然环境相协调，In harmony with the natural environment of the valley© 栾祺

▼顺应地势高差的溪流，A stream that follows a difference in elevation © 河狸景观摄影

▼景观的形式和材料与建筑相协调，The form and material of the landscape harmonizes with the architecture ©周婷

2）在寒冷且冬季较长的北方山区，植物的种类与季节效果都受到很大的影响。在这样的地理环境下，中心小镇的景观设计并未因此将重点放在制造人为的“视觉焦点”或装饰性的主题场景上。

软景的营造，设计师首先从植物品种的选择上着手。我们调研了金山岭村落和项目周边的优势树种，总结已栽种植物的越冬、成活及生长状况，结合金山岭的气候条件和项目调性筛选出能够抵抗风、旱、寒，较低维护且能越冬的植物。乔木类：元宝枫、五角枫、蒙古栎、美国红枫等；亚乔类：山楂、山杏、黄栌等；花灌木类：丁香、天目琼花、金银木等；地被类：沙地柏、丽色画眉草等。

生长的植物也拉近了人与自然的距离，使得中心小镇的景观能够以朴素、舒适的方式融入周围的自然环境中。

In cold and long winter northern mountainous areas, plant species and seasonal effects are greatly affected. In such a geographical environment, the landscape design of the central town does not focus on creating artificial “visual focus” or decorative theme scenes. For softscape creation, designers first start with plant species selection. We investigated advantageous tree species in Jinshanling villages and surrounding areas, summarized wintering, survival, and growth conditions of planted plants, combined with Jinshanling’s climate conditions and project tone to select plants that can resist wind, drought, cold, low maintenance, and wintering. Tree species: Acer truncatum Bunge, Acer pentaphyllum Diels., Quercus mongolica Fisch., Acer rubrum L., etc.; shrub species: Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge., Armeniaca sibirica (L.) Lam., Cotinus coggygria Scop., etc.; flower shrub species: Syringa oblata Lindl., Daphne retusa Hemsl., Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm., etc.; ground cover species: Juniperus chinensis L., Miscanthus sinensis Anderss., etc. The growing plants also bring people closer to nature, allowing the landscape of the central town to blend into the surrounding natural environment in a simple and comfortable way.

▼山境的植物，The plants of the mountain © 栾祺

3）该项目是山地项目，具有较大的高差。在景观落地的过程中，我们多次调整平面和细部设计以适应在施工中出现的各种问题，并探讨和推敲如何让设计更加简洁、尺度比例合适、场地更加好用。在处理好地形、消防通道、建筑出入关系后，景观上通过质朴的设计语言去塑造能灵活使用的活动场所。公共空间节点的设计也充分考虑了社区人群的特点和需求，营造了聚会、交流、休憩等动静相宜的空间；这些场所的公共性也取决于所能承载的多种活动。在材料应用方面，我们和阿那亚工程部的同事及施工方进行了金山岭景观材料做法的一系列试验，比如：拉槽混凝土路面、弧形砖墙、片岩的拼贴、碎砖块等。山境是个开始，将试验和实施效果不错的经验和工艺将在中心小镇的艺术家工作室区域里使用。

This project is a mountainous project with a large height difference. In the process of landscape landing, we have adjusted plane and detailed designs many times to adapt to various problems encountered during construction and explored how to make designs more concise, appropriate in scale proportion, and more usable. After handling terrain, fire-fighting passages, building entry-exit relationships, we use simple design language to create flexible activity places. The design of public space nodes also fully considers the characteristics and needs of community people to create spaces suitable for gatherings, communication, rest and other activities; The public nature of these places also depends on their ability to carry multiple activities. In terms of material application, we conducted a series of experiments on Jinshanling landscape materials with colleagues from Aranya Engineering Department and construction parties such as grooved concrete pavement, arc-shaped brick walls, slate collage, broken bricks blocks etc. Shanjing LOFT is just a beginning; experiences and techniques with good experimental results will be used in Artist Studio area of central town.

▼落地呈现的细节，Landing presentation details ©Z’scape

结语 Conclusion

一到秋天，北京就美成了北平；金山岭作为京山余脉的延续，十月也展现出最美丽的风姿。致舍自 2020 年参与到金山岭的景观设计和建设，经过三年的秋季，我们终于能完全摘下口罩、自由地呼吸和出行。

As autumn arrives, Beijing transforms into a picturesque city, reminiscent of the old days of Beiping. As an extension of the Jing Mountains, Jingshanling displays its most beautiful scenery in October.

今年九月，在进行景观施工巡场过程中，我们萌发了纪录疫情后的第一个金秋的想法，在中心小镇已建成的景观空间里，展示人们山居的公共生活状态。

阿那亚 aranya 出自梵语阿兰若, 本意为“人间寂静处，找回本我的地方”，阿那亚金山岭更是一处群山环抱的精神家园。

而在小镇的公共空间也有着邻里间温情的烟火气，这与金山岭的安静和艺术诗意共存而相依。

在广袤的北方大山里，阿那亚金山岭犹如一个温暖的庇护所；在这个大山中的小世界，远离城市的喧嚣，人与人之间、人与山与自然之间的联系却越发紧密，山居生活共同体正在悠然生长。

We would like to express our gratitude for being involved in the landscape design and construction of Jingshanling since 2020. After three years of autumn, we can finally take off our masks, breathe freely, and travel without restrictions. In September this year, during the landscape construction inspection process, we came up with the idea of recording the first golden autumn after the epidemic. In the landscape space already built in the central town, we showcased the public living conditions of people living in the mountains.

Aranya comes from the Sanskrit word “Araṇya”, which means “a place of silence in this world, where one finds oneself”. Aranya Jingshanling is a spiritual home nestled amidst a cluster of mountains. The public space in the small town also has a warm atmosphere between neighbors, coexisting and relying on the tranquility and artistic poetry of Jingshanling. In the vast northern mountains, Aranya Jingshanling is like a warm shelter; in this small world in the mountains, away from the hustle and bustle of the city, the connection between people, mountains and nature is becoming increasingly close-knit, and the mountain community is growing leisurely.