"火人节"上的两个装置 | 仙女座的重现与桑拿馆的蜕变

“仙女座的重现：荒漠中的避难所”是建筑师John Marx为2019年火人节（Burning Man festival）设计的一项非凡的装置作品。该项目呼应了“变形”的艺术主题，重新构思了仙女座的神话故事，在致敬女英雄形象的同时融入内华达州的沙漠景观。

▼装置外观，exterior view ©HANNU RYTKY

“Andromeda Reimagined: A Sanctuary in Deep Playa,” a striking installation designed by architect John Marx, AIA, pays homage to heroic women, while providing respite to fellow Burning Man participants in the Nevada desert.  Keeping with Burning Man’s art theme of “Metamorphosis,” Marx led the Bay Area art collective Playa Muses in a reimagining of the Andromeda myth, evolving the story from a classic male hero narrative to a story of female empowerment.  The structure challenges the Greek tale of Andromeda, who was saved by Perseus from a death sentence before attaining celestial immortality as a constellation.  In the reimagining, Andromeda—as a strong, independent woman—saves herself with the help of a supportive community.

▼由CNC切割板构成的金字塔， a five-sided pyramid structure boasts ornate CNC-cut patterned walls  ©HANNU RYTKY

这座五面的金字塔结构由刻有华丽图案的CNC切割板构成，旨在唤起星空的印象。由Mary Graham创作的四副椭圆形画作重新描述了Andromeda作为一个强大独立女性的形象。装置外部摆放着由Mischell Riley创作的8英尺高的青铜头像雕塑。在夜里，装置将从内部照亮，将美妙的光影投射到夜间的沙漠上。

▼外观细部，detailed view  ©HANNU RYTKY

Intended to provide introspection, the five-sided pyramid structure boasts ornate CNC-cut patterned walls meant to evoke the starry heavens.  Exterior fins line the pyramid’s vertices, mimicking the swirling trajectories of the cosmos.  When illuminated from within, the installation projects its whimsical light onto the nighttime desert floor. The structure beckons attendees to its plush interior, which pays homage to Andromeda with four oval paintings by Mary Graham depicting the reimagined narrative, and a fifth hanging panel displaying the structure’s thematic poem, “How Brightly.” An eight-foot-high bronze sculpture by Mischell Riley called “Freedom and Awaken” anchors the center.  Markers hang from the walls, prompting visitors to proclaim their own female heroes along the walls.

▼夜间视角，night view ©HANNU RYTKY

▼细部，detail ©HANNU RYTKY

“The structure itself relates to the infinite potential of the stars in the sky—specifically the Andromeda constellation, but not in any literal way,” says Marx.  “The white star-shaped cutouts and the dramatic swirls represent the arc of planets and stars as they move across the sky.”

▼平面图，plan

▼立面图，elevation

▼剖面图，section

▼灯光效果，night axon

这座圆形的“桑拿馆”由JKMM事务所和Sauna on Fire collective共同设计，并在今年的火人节上亮相。这座极简主义的木质结构在沙漠环境中创造了一个享受桑拿浴室的空间，而位于中央的庭院则提供了一个阴凉的绿洲，可供人们消暑、冥想和放松。

▼装置外观，exterior view ©HANNU RYTKY

Circle-shaped Steam of Life Pavilion, co-designed by JKMM architects and Sauna on Fire collective, will be built in Burning Man festival to offer the sequenced sauna experience, as a deconstructed art installation. “Sauna” is the only Finnish word used in the English language and it is probably one of the most common comparisons used in Finland to describe desert hot conditions. In a land of 5,5 million inhabitants and over 3,2 million saunas, the Finns’ approach to the sauna is profoundly philosophical and strangely straightforward and day-to-day. Deeply rooted in Finnish society, the tradition of sauna stems from the Finnish people’s closeness to nature and the country’s forests and lakes and has remained unchanged throughout the centuries. Even today, the sauna is at centre stage of all important events in life. It symbolises camaraderie, solidarity and the collective social domain. In addition to these social aspects, the sauna is a place for bathing and detoxing as well as private spiritual purging and peaceful meditation. A place of both physical and spiritual metamorphosis.

▼中央庭院，central courtyard ©HANNU RYTKY

“桑拿”（Sauna）是英语中唯一使用的芬兰词汇，同时也是芬兰人用来形容炎热沙漠气候的一个最常见的词汇。桑拿的传统根植于芬兰的社会，它源于芬兰人民自古以来与森林和湖泊的亲密关系。在今天，桑拿象征着聚集、清洁以及平静的心灵。这座场馆以人性化的体态拥抱周围的自然环境和光线，向人们展示了芬兰建筑与景观的设计精髓。

Marcus Kujala, Hannu Rytky, Päivi Aaltio and Samppa Lappalainen, three architects and the CEO of JKMM Architects will contribute to the unique participatory culture of Burning Man by joining the Sauna on Fire -collective, an interdisciplinery group of artists, thinkers, scholars and Burners with an ambition and curiosity for co-creation, volunteerism, positive spirit and inclusion of participants with diverse backgrounds; – by introducing the essence of Finnish mindscape in the physical form of a sauna pavilion at the Burning Man society in 2019.

▼桑拿设施，sauna facility ©HANNU RYTKY

“Steam of Life”, the co-created timber pavilion, embodies the typical physical elements of a Finnish sauna. It is a human scale wooden building, minimalistic in its aesthetic and focused on embracing ambient natural light and shade, in response to what will be a major gathering within a hot desert environment. A passageway will guide visitors to circulate through the round shaped sauna pavilion. Stepping in from the harsh desert light, visitors enter a low-lit passage that leads to the steam room, the heart of a Finnish Sauna, with wooden benches and the “kiuas” stove. After enjoying a sauna, visitors will enter a softly-lit space opening onto the atrium yard in the middle of the pavilion. In the absence of a lake, sea or a pile of snow to dip into, the atrium yard offers a shaded oasis for cooling down and meditative relaxing.

Just like saunas in Finland, Steam of Life -pavilion is about capturing the same ideal of a shared sense of humanity in a memorable and timeless way.

▼夜间的桑拿馆，night view ©HANNU RYTKY

▼设计概念图，design concept

▼轴测图，axon