巴塞尔kHaus军营主楼改造丨瑞士丨FOCKETYN DEL RIO STUDIO

项目将一栋大楼改造成了一座新的文化中心，成为了圆形建筑再利用的范例。原建筑是一座军营，建造于 150 年前。经过创造性改造，建筑变成了巴塞尔市中心一个新的公共节点。

2013 年，Miquel del Rio 和 Hans Focketyn 获得了巴塞尔军营主楼概念重构国际竞赛的优胜，创造了一座文化灯塔。经过八年的设计建造，建筑终于可以面向公众、城市和未来开放。

The transformation of a pre-existing building into a new cultural center has become a model for circular architecture and re-use. Built 150 years ago as a military barracks, this seminal building has just become a new public nexus in the heart of Basel. In 2013, Miquel del Rio and Hans Focketyn won the international competition to reconceptualize the existing Basel Barracks main building, creating a cultural beacon that, after an eight-year transformation process, is now open to the public, the city, and the future.

▼建筑内空间概览，overall view of the interior space

历史框架

Historical Framework

150 年前，瑞士军队在城市中央建造了一座军营综合体，形成了一片封闭的、不允许公众进入的区域。1966 年，基地结束了作为军营的历史。接下来的几十年间，基地上巨大的建筑和开阔的公共空间有机融入了巴塞尔市，成为了珍贵的社交和文化中心，被人们称为“Kaserne 区域”，即德语中的“军营”。市民公共活动逐渐将这里变成了一个颇受欢迎的文化、宗教和集体表达场所。场地上设有多个文化设施，多功能音乐和活动空间，以及数家餐厅和酒吧，均与巨大的公共公园邻接。

然而，综合体中最重要的建筑却从未经历这一变革。建筑位于基地尽端，挡在了场地与莱茵河之间。除了作为综合体的基础结构，它完全被社交改造忽视。考虑到建筑在巴塞尔市的核心位置，市政府在 2013 年启动了一场国际竞赛，希望让这座 9000 平米的建筑—现在名为 kHaus—重获生机。来自 FOCKETYN DEL RIO STUDIO 的 Hans Focketyn 和 Miquel del Río 提出的设计方案获得了优胜。

150 years ago, the Swiss army built a military barracks complex in the middle of the city, forming an enclosed area that excluded the general public. The site was consequently abandoned in 1966. Over the following decades, its vast buildings and a large open area became organically embedded in Basel as a cherished social and cultural hub called “Kaserne area”, being “Kaserne” the German word for “barracks”. This civic and communal pollination process turned the area into a popular locale for cultural, religious, and collective expression. It hosts several cultural facilities, multifunctional music and event spaces, and several restaurants and bars, all adjacent to a large public park.

However, the most prominent building of the complex never went through this evolution. Located at the far end of the site and blocking access to the river Rhein, it bypassed this social transformation, despite being the primary structure in the compound. Given its central location in Basel, the city launched an international competition in 2013 to renew the 9.000 m2 building, now rebranded as kHaus. The winning design was presented by Hans Focketyn and Miquel del Río of FOCKETYN DEL RIO STUDIO.

▼改造分析，renovation analysis

改造后外观

Current Exterior

改造升级后的 kHaus 在巴塞尔市历史中心提供了一个当代的多功能文化设施以及新的公共区域。设计整合了巴塞尔两处最具代表性的公共空间：河流和 Kaserne 庭院。二者第一次连接在了一起，让公众可以来往于两侧。这座新的城市中心促进了城市尺度上的连接，为社区创造了新的集会场所，被各种各样的活动激活。

The new and updated kHaus provides the city of Basel with a contemporary and multifunctional cultural facility and new public areas in a historic and central location. The conversion unites two of the most iconic public spaces in Basel: the river and the Kaserne courtyard, which are now linked for the first time and publicly accessible on both sides. This new urban hub facilitates connections on a city-wide scale, creating a new gathering place for the community, animated by multiple activities.

▼建筑与河流之间的步道，walk way connecting the building and the river

庭园南侧的经典拱门和混凝土框架被开拓成为新的入口，与结构外围的两条附加通道一起，让公众可以在一年中的任意时刻去到河边。现在，丰富的路径穿过建筑，随时向游人开放。

FDRS 保留了建筑原本的组成和空间逻辑，将 kHaus 转变成了一座开放、多孔的社交中心，可供多种滨水活动使用。参照建筑和基地的历史，建筑师对建筑外观进行了细致的重新规划，保留了其原本的特征。设计将一层所有窗户扩展为门，使得建筑变成了一个开放可达的结构，迎接来自不同背景的游客，空间中回响着他们的欢声笑语。

At the south end of the courtyard, a classical arch with a concrete frame was carved out to serve as a new opening. Along with two additional passages on the periphery of the structure, these corridors provide permanent public access to the river throughout the year. Now, the building can be traversed via various paths at any time of the day.Retaining the building’s original composition and spatial logic, FDRS turned the kHaus into an open and porous social center for many activities at the riverfront. Referencing the building and the site’s history, the architects subtly reconfigured its exterior while keeping its character intact. Its facade was gently altered by enlarging all of the ground floor windows into doors, converting the building into an open and accessible structure, filled with life and the echoes of many different languages.▼拱门入口access formed by the arch

改造后的室内

Current Interior

广场是建筑的核心。它是一个宽敞的室内公共空间，位于河流与庭院立面之间。空间高度超过十三米，全年都会有活动在此进行。作为通向建筑的主要公共入口，广场为每个使用者在湿冷的冬日或炎热的夏季午后提供了一个舒适的去处。一座雕塑性的楼梯将庭院与下方的河流连接在一起。

The core of the building is the Plaza: an extensive, indoor public space which is located between the two facades, the river, and the courtyard. Over thirteen meters in height, it hosts activities year-round. Conceived as the primary public access to the building, the Plaza is intended for everyone: a place to go on wet winter days or hot summer afternoons. A sculptural stairway connects the courtyard down to the river.

▼广场，plaza

kHaus 的室内以多样性和泛用性为特征。空间中央是公共广场，广场正上方是活动和演出区域。再往上的五层楼内设置了艺术和彩排工作室，大量多功能房间、餐厅、就餐区和工作坊。所有空间均通过三座垂直楼梯与中央广场相连。

The interior of the kHaus is defined by plurality and versatility: In its center is the public Plaza, and directly above is an events and performance space. Spread throughout the upper five floors are art and rehearsal studios, a matrix of multifunctional rooms, restaurants, dining areas, and spaces for worship, all linked by the central Plaza and three vertical stairways.

▼大厅，lobby

▼中央楼梯细部 details of the central staircase

▼从楼梯看向扩展后的入口，view to the extended opening on the ground floor

▼仰望吊灯，look up at the pendant

从更大层面上来说，kHaus 的功能之复杂可以被理解为不同使用方式的集合体，每一种都以各自独特的方式体现在了空间、材料和技术之中，共存于同一个屋檐之下。面对着这样的特异性，建筑师将不同区域连结成了一个整体，每处都有属于自己的特征、色彩和声音，在保持整体和谐的情况下，挖掘各自的潜力。

More generally, the kHaus and its programmatic complexity can be understood as an assemblage of disparate uses, each with its own particular translation into space, materials, and techniques: all under one roof. Confronted with this disparity, the architects combined different areas into a cohesive whole – each with its own character, colors, and sounds, based on the dual logic of allowing each part to develop its distinct potential while maintaining a coherent ensemble.

▼空间公共性分析，space analysis

建筑师谨慎地对 Kaserne 主楼进行改造，使其在保留结构元素的同时满足二十一世纪建筑的不同使用需求，兼具功能性和灵活性。“聚合类型”房间的设计使得建筑可以进一步适应未来。房间可以变成走道，走道也可以变成房间，加强了室内空间的扩展性和可变性。开放的流线无处不在，通过两座垂直楼梯连接。

Retaining its structural elements and adapting them to the various uses of a building for the twenty-first century, the architects discreetly revolutionized the Kaserne main building to allow for functionality and flexibility, making it further adaptable and ready for the future through the means of a “poly-typology” of rooms. Rooms can become corridors, and corridors can become rooms, increasing the interior’s scalability and flexibility. Open circulation becomes ubiquitous and is channeled through two vertical stairways.

▼走道与房间可以互相转化，room can become corridor, corridor can become room

▼灵活的房间，flexible room

▼新楼梯间，new staircase

▼楼梯与不同空间的连接

connection between the staircase and different spaces

▼楼梯间看向室外景观 view to the outdoor landscape from the staircase

结构可持续建筑 A structurally sustainable building

Schnetzer Puskas ingenieure 在整栋建筑中严格执行了保留和改装这一首要策略。除了中部体量上的开口，项目保留了建筑厚重的石墙结构。主要的设计介入仅作用在中部的五个建筑截面以及靠近北塔和南塔的临河区域，为项目添加了两个新的核心通道。通过尽可能保留建筑结构，最小化材料消耗，项目维持了很高的结构效率，成功地将历史建筑改造成为了可以满足最新标准的可持续建筑。

The overarching strategy of preservation and retrofitting was carried out stringently throughout the entire building by Schnetzer Puskas Ingenieure. Apart from the opening in the intermediate wing, the completed project preserves the building structure with its massive quarry stone walls. Major interventions were only made in the middle of the five building sections and in the river-side zone neighboring the north and south towers, where two additional access cores were installed. By preserving the building structure as much as possible and minimizing the additional material consumption, a high structural efficiency is maintained. The project represents a successful conversion to a sustainable building according to today’s state of the art.

▼加建部分与原始建筑的衔接

connection between the extension and the original building

▼活动场所，event place

▼辅助设施隐藏在墙面后，service facilities hidden behind the wall

▼活动场地内的灯光效果，lighting effect in the event place

▼从活动空间看向室外环境

view to the outdoor environment from the event place

未来表现 Future Manifestations 曾经是屏障的建筑现在变得开放可达。改造花费了 4500 万瑞士法郎，是巴塞尔 Kleinbasel 地区第一个公共集资的大型文化设施。如今，这座 9000 平米的建筑成为了城市的磁石和灯塔。它形成了新的连接，激活了不同立面，将河流与庭院连在一起；建筑内空间丰富而灵活，可以容纳多种多样的功能。当下，它是一个文化中心，但未来它会变成什么无人知晓。Kaserne 有着超过百年的历史，它的主楼则将在未来继续焕发活力。

A building that used to be a barrier is now open and accessible. The 45 million Swiss Franc transformation is Basel’s first publicly funded investment of a large-scale cultural facility in the Kleinbasel district. It is a now a 9.000 m2 magnet for the city and a beacon of its inclusive and multicultural orientation. The new Kaserne has achieved everything it set out to do: it forges new connections, animates both facades, links the river to the courtyard, and, thanks to the various spaces in the building, is flexible enough to accommodate many uses. For now, it is a cultural center, but who knows what it will become. The Kaserne area has lived a hundred lives in the past and its main building will continue to reincarnate in the future.

▼大厅中的各种活动 various activities in the lobby

▼充满人气的演出活动，event venue filled with people

▼三层平面图，third floor plan

▼西立面图，west elevation

▼南立面图，south elevation

▼剖面图，sections

kHaus Basel: Transformation and refurbish of main building in Kaserne Barracks

Address: Kasernenhof 8, 4057 Basel

Client: City of Basel (Bau und Verkehrsdepartement des Kantons Basel-Stadt)

Architect: Focketyn del Rio Studio GmbH, Basel, Miquel del Rio + Hans Focketyn

Team: Letizia Fürer, Anna Kuhli, Alastair Lock, Aljoscha Lanz, Angela Brasanac, Christina Fernandez, Dalila Godbahne, Carolina Osorio, Francessco Maria di Giusepp, Hajdin, Draguscha, Iris Carratala, Jaime Pesio Suso, Jonathan Bürgel, Felipe Bermudez Murillo, Joshua Thomson, Juan Pablo Gallego, Juan Pablo Pineda Vergara, Manuela Navarro, Marco Bamberger, Marco Lenherr, Marion Cruz, Pierre Marmy, Raphael Rattier, Santiago Martinez, Tomas Eduardo Echeverri, Montoya, Tomas Guerra, Vida Amani, Xavier Uriach, Xenia Heid

Planing team

Generalplaner: Arge Kaserne Hauptbau (Focketyn del Rio Studio GmbH + CarettaWeidmann Baumanagement AG, Basel + SchnetzerPuskasIngenieure AG)

Site supervision: CarettaWeidmann Baumanagement AG, Basel

Structure: SchnetzerPuskasIngenieure AG

Building energy: EhrsamBeurretPartner AG, Pratteln

Fire regulations: af-brandschutz

Heating: Ingenieurbüro Stefan Graf, Basel

Ventilation: Treuthardt Haustech, Binningen

Plumbing: Unico Gebäudetechnik AG, Basel + Suiselectra Ingenieurunternehmen AG, Basel

Electrical systems: Hefti Hess Martignoni, Aarau

Acoustics: applied acoustics GmbH, Gelterkinden

Stage design: Ducks Scéno, Paris + Wibbeke &PendersGmbH, Berlin

Costs total (including taxes): CHF 46.000.000

Building Volume SIA 416: 36’000 m³

Gross area SIA 416: 9’394 m2

Chronology

Competition: 2013,

Planning start: 2014,

Construction site start: 2018

Finalisation: 2022