框景之居 · 波兰山地自宅

这块基地位于高地之上，俯瞰着脚下开阔的山谷与城镇。建筑师希望打造一座能够框景的小住宅，让如画的风景也成为建筑的一部分。最终的建筑是点缀在山川草地上的一座单层小楼，开放式的立面让建筑内的每一个角落都能够欣赏到脚下的壮丽美景。

The highest value of the plot is a wonderful view stretching out. The idea was for the house to become its framework that crops it. The most appropriate building turned out to be a fully open on mountain landscape one-storey building, which gives the same view to all of the interiors.

▼ 建筑位于高地之上，俯瞰着脚下开阔的山谷与城镇，the highest value of the plot is a wonderful view stretching out.

鉴于建筑远离城镇，坐落在人迹罕至的山坡上，安全成为了设计的重点。建筑师将建筑体量微微旋转，长方形体量的西北角与坡地相接，而另外三角皆悬于半空之中，让远离西北角的卧室空间从一层变为了二层。同样出于安全的考虑，建筑北侧的通透落地玻璃窗也必须在需要时得到有效的遮蔽，建筑师在立面上安装了10米长的推拉门和一扇兼具通行和防护作用的吊门，而建筑也随需要呈现出开放或封闭两种不同的状态。

Because of the plot being located in an absolute wilderness a problem of security came out. The solution turned out to be “twisting” the building so as only its one corner touches the ground and the rest is hang over the edge of the hill. With this solution, part of the ground floor where the bedrooms were located was pulled up to the level of the first floor. Because of the fact that there are wide glass openings in the building, my wife asked me to effectivly close the entrance side of the house. A 10 meter wall and a drawbridge, which combines the function of stairs and a window shutter, appeared.

▼ 通透的落地玻璃，the wide glass openings

▼ 建筑随需要呈现出开放或封闭两种不同的状态，the entrance side of the house is effectively closed by  a 10 meter wall and a drawbridge

此外，常见于波兰山区的山体滑坡也威胁着建筑的安全。为了限制表层土壤的移动，建筑如同桥梁般支撑部位深埋于土迪，而其余体量微微悬浮于土地之上。雨水将顺着坡地自由的流淌，大大减少了山体滑坡的可能性。

Location of the house on a steep slope, was followed by high risk of landslip, more and more frequent in polish mountains. As to limit the movement of the subsoil the house was treated as a bridge, under which rain water flows naturally.

▼ 雨水将顺着坡地自由的流淌，rain water flows naturally under the building

▼ 建筑体量如桥梁般微微悬空，the house was treated as a bridge

双坡屋顶呼应着起伏的山川形态，同时也遵循了当地的建筑条例。建筑如同当地常见的谷仓一般，以三道薄薄的墙壁支撑着整个体量。

Realities of mountain landscape as well as the local law constrained a gable roof. House took the form of a typical barn standing on three thin walls.

▼ 框景， the house to become its framework that crops the view

为了将建筑的重力完全传导给支撑墙体，以保证建筑的稳固，如同翻转屋顶般的四道斜面墙体与支撑结构交错相接。倒棱柱形的体量看起来牢固稳定。上下两面“屋顶”让建筑不受雨水的干扰，如同一座方舟般漂浮在田野之中。如同开阔牧场般的花园，与牧场相同的围栏已经零星石块砌成的小径更是加深了这种印象。而为了保证较低的预算和施工的简易性，与温馨精致的室内不同，建筑的外部呈现为裸露而不加修饰的混凝土立面。天然去雕饰，仅用当地供应商提供的现浇混凝土制成。兼具防潮作用的闭孔结构的泡沫则是隔热保温材料的最佳选择。

To give rigidity to the building the walls were tensed by the planes of the ”inverted” roof, slightly lifted over gound. Their incline increased the feeling of security. And so, we basically created a house with two roofs that protect it from water, it began to resamble an arc floating over the fields. After some time I realized, that in order not to disturb this impression, the best garden design would be lack of it, the best fence would be a temporary herding fence, the best approach – few rocks. In the same time the building was supposed to be cheap and easy to construct. That is why I deciced on insulating it from the inside, the concrete structure became an finnished elevation. This is how I got rid of complicated details and finish, they were replaced by poured concrete from a local producer. Sprayed closed-cell-structure foam turned out to be the optimal insulation. It is also a vapour barrier.

▼ 俯瞰着脚下的山谷与城镇，the building overlooks the valley and town

▼ 夜晚的建筑，evening view

▼ 总平面图，site plan

▼ 开启与封闭平面，the open and closed plan

▼ 立面，elevation

▼ 剖面，section

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