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2014年巴西世界杯成为万众瞩目的焦点，那么承载巴西世界杯的体育建筑又是怎么样的呢？继介绍了gmp的巴西世界杯体育场作品—

亚马逊竞

技场（FIFA WC 2014 Arena da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil）

之后，这里介绍gmp在2014年世界杯上的另一个体育场作品：“马内·加林沙”国家体育场（Estádio Nacional de Brasília “Mané Garrincha”, Brazil）。

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巴西利亚是20世纪建立的城市中唯一被联合国教科文组织宣布为世界文化遗产的城市。城市于1956年至1960年间以理想城市模型为蓝本建造，其中众多公共建筑均成为了现代主义的坐标和象征。在这一语境下gmp建筑师事务所和施莱希工程设计公司合作为卡斯特罗·梅洛建筑师事务所（圣保罗）提供了巴西国家体育场的设计方案。爱德华多·卡斯特罗·梅洛负责绘制了可容纳72000名观众的体育场碗状看台，gmp和sbp共同设计了体育场极富特色的“柱林”外观形象以及一座两层的悬挂式屋面。

Brasília is the only city dating from the 20th century that has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. With its range of public buildings, the “ideal city” built between 1956 and 1960 is one of the icons of the Moderne style. In this context gmp Architects, in cooperation with schlaich bergermann and partners (sbp), produced the design of the Brasília national stadium for Castro Mello Arquitetos (São Paulo). It was constructed in the place of the former Mané Garrincha stadium. Eduardo Castro Mello was responsible for the design of the 72,000-seat bowl; gmp and sbp produced the elevations of the esplanade as a characteristic “forest of columns”, and a double-skin suspension roof. The objective of the design was a solution that does justice to the architectural history of the place, with a clear reference to the city’s tradition, and yet has its own distinct contemporary style.

新体育场的设计宗旨在于提供一个理想的解决方案，在强调其历史传统的重大意义的同时赋予其独特、超越时代的建筑形象。做为巴西利亚城市轴线上最大体量的建筑，体育场以纪念碑式的庄严姿态被纳入城市规划的整体之内。体育场碗状看台由一个环形的广场围绕，全部交通连接设置于广场之内，广场的“柱林”之上由屋面覆盖。清晰简洁的设计表达通过极度简化的，几乎保留原初形态的结构元素加以强调。悬挂式屋面由双层结构组成，通过混凝土压力环固定。上层为半透明PTFE膜结构，下层为背面照明的膜结构。

As the city’s largest building, located on Brasília’s central axis, the composition was developed as a monumental building volume which integrates seamlessly into the urban design context. To achieve this, the stadium bowl is surrounded by an esplanade which comprises all access elements and supports the roof on its “forest of columns”. This clear gesture is emphasized by the minimalist, almost archetypal design of the components – the key material being concrete. The circular suspension roof is a doubleskin structure – the upper skin consists of a PTFE-coated glass fiber fabric while the lower membrane is made up of an openmesh, back-lit fabric.

巴西利亚国家体育场即将竣工。这座城市中最大的公共建筑坐落于奠定巴西利亚城市基本格局的中央轴线之上。“体育场碗状看台”由一个环形 的广场围绕，全部交通连接设置于广场之内，广场的“柱林”之上由屋面覆盖。

Brasília National Stadium shortly before completion. The city’s largest public building is located directly at the central axis dissecting Brasília’s basic urban layout. The stadium bowl is surrounded by a circular esplanade which contains all access elements and includes a “forest of columns” which supports the roof.

混凝土支柱直径1,20米，高度最高达59米。清晰简洁的设计通过季度简化的，几乎保留原始形态的结构元素加以强调，混凝土作为基本材料符合巴西的建造传统。

在由爱德华多·卡斯特罗·梅洛设计的“体育场碗状看台”中将悬挂起一座由德国体育场建筑师设计的精致屋面，其将为观众提供观赏赛事的良好视觉条件。

The concrete columns have a diameter of 1.20 meters and a height of up to 59 meters. The minimalist, almost archetypal design of the individual components, and concrete as the primary material, are representative of Brazilian construction methods.

In the stadium bowl designed by Eduardo Castro Mello, the filigree suspended roof construction created by the German stadium designers has a real presence and provides unrestricted views.

项目信息

设计：福尔克温·玛格和胡伯特·尼恩霍夫以及Knut Göppert, 2008年

项目负责人：马丁·格拉斯

巴西项目负责人：Robert Hormes

gmp巴西设计总监：Ralf Amann

设计人员(按字母排序)：Ante Bagaric, Holger Betz, Rebecca Bornhauser, Carsten Borucki, Lena Brögger, Martina Maurer-Brusius, Kacarzyna Ciruk, Laura Cruz Lima da Silva, Stefanie Eichelmann, Ruthie Gould, Florian Illenberger, Jochen Köhn, Martin Krebes, Helge Lezius, Tobias Mäscher, Adel Motamedi, Burkhard Pick, Jutta Rentsch Serpa, Lucia Martinez Rodriguez, Maryna Samolyuk, Florian Schwarthoff, Sara Taberner Bonastre

合作设计单位：施莱西结构事务所，斯图加特，Castro Mello arquitetos, 圣保罗

屋面和广场结构设计 ：施莱西结构事务所–Knut Göppert 以及 Knut Stockhusen 和 Miriam Sayeg

设计人员(按字母排序)：Andreas Bader, Tiago Carvalho, Arnaud Deillon, Uli Dillmann, Stefan Dziewas, Hansmartin Fritz, Alberto Goosen, Hartmut Grauer, Jochen Gugeler, Andreas Hahn, Achim Holl, Hubert Kunz, Christoph Paech, Jana Pavlovic, Bernd Ruhnke, Tilman Schober, Klaus Straub, Cornelia Striegan, Peter Szerzo, Hiroki Tamai, Augusto Tiezzi, Feridun Tomalak, Chih-Bin Tseng, Gerhard Weinrebe, Rüdiger Weitzmann, Andrzej Winkler, Markus Wöhrbach, Kai Zweigart

碗状看台结构设计：Etalp, 圣保罗

屋面照明设计：Conceptlicht, Taunreut; Peter Gaspar, 圣保罗; mha, 圣保罗

坐席数：约72.800

建设周期：2010年–2013年

Design: Volkwin Marg and Hubert Nienhoff with Knut Göppert, 2008

Project Manager: Martin Glass

Project Manager, Brazil: Robert Hormes

Director of gmp do Brazil: Ralf Amann

Team members (alphabetical): Ante Bagaric, Holger Betz, Rebecca Bornhauser, Carsten Borucki, Lena Brögger, Martina Maurer-Brusius, Kacarzyna Ciruk, Laura Cruz Lima da Silva, Stefanie Eichelmann, Ruthie Gould, Florian Illenberger, Jochen Köhn, Martin Krebes, Helge Lezius, Tobias Mäscher, Adel Motamedi, Burkhard Pick, Jutta Rentsch Serpa, Lucia Martinez Rodriguez, Maryna Samolyuk, Florian Schwarthoff, Sara Taberner Bonastre

In cooperation with schlaich bergermann and partners, Stuttgart; Castro Mello arquitetos, São Paulo

Structural design of roof and esplanade: schlaich bergermann and partners – Knut Göppert with Knut Stockhusen and Miriam Sayeg

Team members (alphabetical): Andreas Bader, Tiago Carvalho, Arnaud Deillon, Uli Dillmann, Stefan Dziewas, Hansmartin Fritz, Alberto Goosen, Hartmut Grauer, Jochen Gugeler, Andreas Hahn, Achim Holl, Hubert Kunz, Christoph Paech, Jana Pavlovic, Bernd Ruhnke, Tilman Schober, Klaus Straub, Cornelia Striegan, Peter Szerzo, Hiroki Tamai, Augusto Tiezzi, Feridun Tomalak, Chih-Bin Tseng, Gerhard Weinrebe, Rüdiger Weitzmann, Andrzej Winkler, Markus Wöhrbach, Kai Zweigart

Structural design of stadium bowl: Etalp, São Paulo

Light concept – roof (concept and scheme design): Conceptlicht, Taunreut; Peter Gaspar, São Paulo; mha, São Paulo,

Seats: approx. 72,800

Construction period: 2010–2013

Stadium: 309 m diameter; 50 m height

Roof: 40,500 sqm PTFE coated glas fibre membrane; 67,000 sqm total roof surface; 6,600 sqm polycarbonate; 20,000 sqm concrete compression ring

Roof supports: 288 concrete roof supports; 43 to 59 m high; 1.20 m diameter