开放式幼儿园 · 让孩子在阳光下成长丨中国北京丨非常建筑

鸟瞰|Bird’s eye view

社区幼儿园|Kindergarten in a Community

开放幼儿园是大牛坊社区回迁安置房的配套设施之一。该项目于 2021 年 7 月竣工，占地 4300 平方米，将容纳 12 个班级的 360 名儿童。

Open Kindergarten is a part of the amenities for the Daniufang housing community for relocated population. Completed in July 2021, with a site area of 4,300 square meters, this facility will accommodate 12 classes of 360 children.

从活动场看幼儿园

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View of the kindergarten from the playground

为何打开? |

Why Open?

孩子们不是被局限在自己的教室里，他们可以在不同的班级和年级之间进行集体活动，这将有助于提高他们的社交能力，从小学会融入集体。

Without being confined in their own classrooms only, children need space shared between different classes and levels for collective activities that will help them develop their social abilities and learn to be members of a community from an early age.

可开放的班级单元，共享楼层公共空间

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Open class units and sharing the floor public space©FCJZ

总体规划 | Master Plan

项目场地南面紧邻街道，东、北侧被大牛坊社区的高层住宅包围，西边除高层住宅外，是未来待建的一处公共绿地。因此，我们将建筑布局设置成扇形，使儿童生活空间面向阳光充沛及公共绿地的方向。

The south side of the project site is next to a street, the east and north sides are surrounded by high-rise residential buildings of the Daniufang community, and the west side, apart from more high-rise residential buildings will be a public green space to be built in the future. The site is enclosed by residential areas, with strict requirements on various set-backs. Therefore, we arranged the building programs in a fan-shaped layout, with the children’s living space facing the direction of the public green space with optimal sunshine.

楼翼间的弧形半室外阳台 | Curved semi-outdoor balcony between the wings

弧形的半室外阳台成为活动室间的柔性连接。|The curved semi-outdoor balcony becomes a flexible connection between the wings.

辅助用房朝向相对安静的东、北方。并利用屋顶作为绿化区域，补充了地面绿地的不足。屋顶的阶梯式露天小剧场将自然光从南面引入北侧的综合活动空间。

The auxiliary rooms are facing the relatively quiet east and north. Meanwhile, the roof is used as a green area to supplement the deficiency of the ground green space. A terraced amphitheater on the roof brings natural light from the south to the multi-activity room on the north side.

每个班级教室有两个朝向的采光为室内带来充沛的阳光|Every class unit has two sides facing the sun to bring in plenty of daylight

住宅区一侧采用实墙和镂空圆孔墙的组合以减少相互干扰|On the side facing the residential area, a combination of solid walls and perforated concrete blocks are used to reduce interference

楼层平面设计 |Floor Plans

出于对班级规模、安全和卫生等因素的考虑，传统的幼儿园设计通常采用封闭班级的模式。但是，这种设计往往不利于孩子身心的全面成长。我们的目标是把整层楼变成所有孩子共享的生活/活动区域。

Out of considerations of class size, safety, and health, the conventional kindergarten design typically adopts the closed class unit model. However, this kind of design is often not conducive to the comprehensive growth of children’s bodies and minds. Our goal is to turn an entire floor into the live/activity area for every child.

主入口 | Main entrance

主入口内的楼梯 | Stairs inside the main entrance

每层的房间都围绕着一个中央公共空间排布，班级单元可以通过一组门打开。当天气欠佳时，整层楼可以完全敞开，变成一个大房间。在班级单元内，辅助房间也在使用允许的范围内开放，并将午休区域融入到活动空间中。

On each floor, rooms are arranged around a central public space, onto which the class units can open with a series of partition-doors. When the weather is not agreeable, a whole floor can be fully opened and becomes a singular large room. Inside a class unit, auxiliary rooms are also open to the extent the usage would allow and the midday nap area is integrated into the activity space.

围绕中庭排布的班级单元 | Class units arranged around an atrium

闭合/开启的班级隔断门 | Closed/openedclass partition-doors

楼层中间的公共空间为可灵活使用的中庭，上方有天窗。

多功能阶梯可以兼作小剧场。

孩子们可以在这里聊天、玩耍、表演等等，与此同时发展他们的集体和社会意识。

The public space in the middle of the floor has a free plan with an atrium, a skylight above, and a multifunctional staircase that doubles as a small theater. Children are here to talk, play, perform, etc., developing their sense of community and social awareness at the same time.

三层共享活动空间|Shared activity space on the third floor

Left: 中庭天窗

The atrium skylight

Right: 从三层中庭俯瞰一层共享活动空间

The third-floor atrium overlooks the ground-floor public space

三层开放的多功能厅可兼做小剧场|The open multi-activity room on the third floor can be used as a small theater

屋顶上的阶梯剧场

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The terraced amphitheater on the roof

孩子们可以坐在露天阶梯上观看“小剧场”的表演和活动

|Children can sit on the outdoor steps watching performances and activities in the small theater

立面设计 |

Façade

幼儿园共为三层。十二个生活单元的窗户根据日照条件分布，使每个房间在获得最佳光照和朝向的同时，也在建筑立面上创造出一种有节奏的韵律。

The kindergarten consists of three floors. The windows of the twelve living units are distributed according to daylight conditions offering each room the best results in terms of daylight and orientation while creating a sense of formal rhythm on the building façades.

通过外遮阳帘减少西晒 | Reduce excessive sunlighting through external shades

幼儿园的六个体块都由半室外的曲线阳台连接，阳台墙面采用了镂空的混凝土砌块，为室内带来丰富的光影变化。

The kindergarten’s six volumes are all connected by semi-outdoor curvilinear balconies. For their enclosure, we chose a round hollow-out concrete block to bring rich light and shadows to the interior.

镂空圆孔墙面为半室外阳台营造出有趣的光影变化 | The perforated concrete block wall creates interesting light and shadows for the semi-outdoor balcony

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Site plan

Floor plans and section

项目信息

/Project Info

客户/Client：北京市海淀区教委/Education Committee of Beijing Haidian District

地点/Location：北京市海淀区/Haidian District, Beijing

项目主持设计/Principal Architect：张永和/ Yung Ho Chang

项目团队/Project Team：梁小宁，桞超，张鹤/Liang Xiaoning, Liu Chao, Zhang He

设计合作/Collaboration：北京维拓时代建筑设计股份有限公司/Beijing Victory Star Architectural & Civil Engineering Design CO., LTD.

基地面积/Site area：4300m2

建筑面积/Building Area：4980m2

建筑高度/Building Height：12.9m

建筑结构/Structure：钢筋混凝土结构/Reinforced concrete structure

设计周期/Design Period：2019 ~2020

建造时间/Build Time：2020~2021

竣工时间/Completion Time：2021

摄影师/Photographer：田方方/Tian Fangfang