法国雷恩 Ascension Paysagère 住宅综合体 | 绿色河畔的高密度建筑设计

Ascension Paysagère住宅综合体坐落于法国雷恩西部两条河流的汇合处，由MVRDV与房地产开发商Groupe Giboire的合作建筑事务所ALL共同设计完成。这座高12层、总面积达10550平方米的建筑综合体占据了雷恩市中心和郊区之间的重要过渡空间，在城市向外发展的背景趋势下，为当地带来了急需的住宅空间，增加了河畔的建筑密度，提供了138套不同大小和价格区间的公寓住宅。设计内容除了37个社会住房单元外，还包括为人们创造出迎合绿色水边环境的商业空间，以及供人社交休闲、放松身心的全新公共空间。

MVRDV, along with co-architects ALL for real estate developer Groupe Giboire, has completed Ascension Paysagère, a residential complex at the confluence of two rivers in the west of Rennes, France. Occupying a crucial transitional space between the Rennes’ centre and its outer reaches, the 12-storey, 10,550-square-metre complex brings much-needed density in the context of the city’s outward growth, providing 138 homes in a variety of sizes and price ranges – including 37 units of social housing – as well as commercial spaces and pleasant new public spaces in a green waterside environment.

▼项目概览，Overall view

2018年，雷恩被法国杂志《快报》评为国内最宜居的城市，而2017年新高铁的开通则进一步增强了雷恩的城市吸引力，进而导致了人口的持续增长。由于城市中心坐落着大量的建筑遗产，因此，当地市政希望将人口增长所带来的住宅压力向外转移，发展策略有两种，一种是向城市周边以及村农地区发展，而人们更倾向于另一种，即“向上”发展，力求以一种令人愉快的方式实现建筑的高密度化。项目坐落于伊勒河与维莱内河交汇处，对面是环境优美的Jardin de la Confluence绿色水上公园，此外，还处于François Mitterrand商场步行街的尽头。在如此市中心的场地背景下，Ascension Paysagère社会住宅以可观的高度与引人注目的存在感，实现了当地建筑密度的提升。

▼向上发展的高密度建筑形态，high density building form that develops upward

In 2018, French magazine l’Express called Rennes the most liveable city in France and, combined with the arrival of a new TGV connection in 2017, this attractiveness has led to a continued population growth. The many heritage buildings in the city’s centre have shifted this expansion pressure outwards, requiring the periphery to grow either outwards into the countryside or – preferably – upwards with a pleasant approach to densification. Positioned precisely where the Ille River joins the Vilaine, across from the green floating park of the Jardin de la Confluence, at the end of the now- pedestrianised thoroughfare of Mail François Mitterrand, Ascension Paysagère’s highly visible location required an exemplary approach to this perimeter densification.

▼项目与周围城市环境，project and surrounding urban environment

建筑设计的灵感来自地质构造，由一大一小两栋弯曲的体量组成，每栋住宅楼由下到上逐层后退，形成了错落的退台。沿河一侧，与周围地块临近的楼层都相对较矮，以形成低层建筑背景，为广阔的河畔视野让路。其他位置则逐渐上升，形成三处高峰，并在场地中心达到12层的最高高度。层层叠退的建筑形态创造出大量的露台空间，露台上布满郁郁葱葱的盆栽植物，宛如将河畔的绿色景观延伸到公寓甚至建筑最顶层一般。较大体量的西角位置，建筑的两个“山峰”之间，一座种满果树的花园进一步强调出生态自然在本项目中的重要性。

▼分析图，diagram

Ascension Paysagère takes inspiration from geological formations. The project comprises two curving buildings, one large and one small, with gradually receding slopes. By the river, and at points where the project approaches its neighbours, the buildings are low, acknowledging the expansive, low-rise context. Elsewhere, however, the design gradually steps up into three peaks, reaching the maximum 12-storey height in the centre of the site. The terraces created by these gradual step-backs are decked with pots filled with greenery, extending the lush atmosphere of the riverbank upwards to the apartments even at the very top of the building. On the western corner of the larger block, in between the building’s two ‘peaks’, a garden including fruit trees emphasises this green approach.

▼项目坐落于河畔，the project is located on the riverside

▼优美的自然景观环境，

beautiful natural landscape environment

▼由河畔看建筑，viewing the project from the river bank

▼河畔慢行系统，riverside walking system

建筑的立面表达加强了设计与地质的联系。五种不同色调的灰色哑光和带有光泽的陶瓷面板成为立面最鲜明的特色，且这些饰面板还根据不同色调进行了分层，接近地面的位置颜色较暗，且大部分材料为哑光的，而建筑顶部的颜色则较浅，材料看上去也更富有光泽。夜晚，精心设计的灯光照明进一步强调出这种效果，立面中的集成灯带于建筑的顶部汇聚。因此，建筑能够与环境真正融为一体，带给人们宛如自然的感官体验，同时强化了自然在城市中的存在。

▼立面分析，analysis of the facade design

The façade reinforces the connection to geology. It features both matte and glossy ceramic panels in five different tones of grey, arranged into stratified layers: dark and mostly matte near to ground level, and lighter and glossier at the top levels. At night, lighting reinforces this effect, with more lights integrated into the ceramic panels at the top of the building. As a result, the design seems as if it truly belongs – an outgrowth of the environment itself, which feels natural even as it significantly densifies this part of the city.

▼河畔夜景，night view from the river bank

▼建筑顶部的灯带更为密集，the light strip on top of the building is denser

▼由公园看建筑，night view from the park

▼街道夜景，night view from the street

“在Ascension Paysagère项目中，我们做到了我们所希望的，而这也正是这座城市所需要的。”MVRDV的创始合伙人Nathalie de Vries说，“场地对面的河流与公园，为人们提供了绝佳的生活环境与自然景观视野。因此，如何在不破坏这些自然品质的前提下，吸引尽可能多的人住在这里成为了设计所面临的最大挑战。为此，我们创造了两栋如小山丘一般的建筑，大量的露台和阳台为居民提供了良好的户外空间，同时也让可以种植植物和树木的大型花池有了安放之地。”

▼功能分析，program

“In Ascension Paysagère, we have delivered a project just as we hoped it would be, and exactly what is needed in this location”, says MVRDV founding partner Nathalie de Vries. “With the river and the park opposite, the site offers a wonderful location for people to live. The challenge was to allow as many people as possible to live here without destroying those qualities. We do this by creating an ensemble of two buildings with silhouettes like small hills, covered with terraces and balconies to allow the inhabitants nice outdoor spaces that are already provided with large pots for plants and trees.”

▼街道日景，

viewing the project from the street

▼层层退台的建筑形式，

layers of back set terraces

在Ascension Paysagère住宅中，每间公寓都享有一处户外空间，比如：露台、阳台或凉廊。这些空间中都配有可以自动灌溉的定制花盆，以及专门的水龙头，以方便居民的园艺生活。此外，露台还营造出一种村庄般的氛围，居民在露台上就可以问候他们上下楼层中的邻居，拉近邻里之间的距离。

Every apartment is provided with an outdoor space – either a terrace, a balcony, or a loggia. Each of these comes complete with custom plant pots fitted with automatic irrigation as well as a dedicated water tap to help residents care for their piece of the landscape. The terraces create a village-like atmosphere that allows residents to greet their neighbours above and below.

▼立面上落错的阳台，balconies on the facade

▼露台，terrace

▼建筑外观细部，exterior details

在建筑底层，柔美的曲线定义了一系列空间，两个街区之间的绿色步行街和水边的广场通向Le Bacchus剧院餐厅，Le Bacchus剧院餐厅则被包围在较大住宅体量的曲线中。较大住宅体量之中，三条入口通道贯穿了建筑，创造出宽敞的社交空间，并将人们的视野引向剧院餐厅后方的僻静花园，通道内侧则采用了温暖的木制饰面。场地入口处，经过翻新的税务办公室被纳入城市规划中，因此，在本项目中公共广场中，人们能够见证三个不同的建筑时期。

At ground level, the curves of the buildings define a series of public spaces, with a green pedestrian street between the two blocks and a plaza at the water’s edge that leads to Le Bacchus, a restaurant and theatre that is embraced by the curve of the larger building. The entrances to the larger building are found in three inviting, wood-clad passages that punch through the building, creating generous meeting spaces and providing views and access to a secluded garden at the rear of the theatre-restaurant. At the entrance to the site a former renovated tax office is included in the urban plan, making the public square a mix of three architectural periods.

▼立面近景，closer view of the facade

项目采用了多种生态策略，以保证建筑的可持续性，回应建筑应起到的社会责任。城市区域的密集化策略缓解了城市向周边景观扩展的需求，项目的停车场中还为当地市民提供了面积达210平方米的自行车停放处，以及专用的货运自行车空间和电动充电站，旨在给人们提供更多的可持续交通方式选择。

The project uses a variety of approaches to ensure sustainability and social responsibility. Densifying an urban area reduces the city’s need to expand into the surrounding landscape, and the parking garages include a total of 210 square metres for bicycle parking, including dedicated spaces for cargo bicycles and electric charging stations to encourage more sustainable transport options.

▼摆放了大量花盆的露台，terrace with lots of flowerpots

▼屋顶花园，roof top terrace

较小体量中的34套公寓采用了被动式住宅设计，这使得它们有可能比普通公寓使用更少的能源。许多公寓都是双层甚至三层的，由于建筑的多个侧面都设有开窗，因此室内空间能够具有良好的交叉通风以及理想的自然采光。

The 34 apartments in the smaller building are completed to Passivhaus standards, giving them the potential to use dramatically less energy than typical apartments. Many of the apartments are double or even triple aspect, with windows on multiple sides of the building to allow cross ventilation and excellent natural light conditions inside.

▼底层入户空间，entrance area

▼公寓内部，interior view of the apartment

▼舒适的室内环境与良好的景观视野，comfortable indoor environment with a good view of the landscape

不同类型的公寓合理分布在建筑的两个体量中，包括37套社会租赁住房和42套经济适用房，以使本项目能够迎合各种收入水平和家庭规模的居住者需求。建筑中的公共空间同样经过精心设计，具有极高的空间质量，并对所有居民开放，以保证所有居民都具有平等的权利，无论其公寓的价格或类型。凭借良好的绿色环境、得天独厚的滨水位置以及理想的户外空间，Ascension Paysagère社会住宅将进一步提升雷恩的宜居性，并成为了可供其他城市参考的、巧妙满足当前住宅需求的优秀范例。

A diverse range of apartment types is spread throughout the building, including 37 homes for social rent and 42 for sale as affordable housing, ensuring that the project offers something for people of all income levels and family sizes. The communal spaces in the buildings feature high-standard finishes and are open to all residents, treating every occupant equally regardless of the price or type of their apartment. With the green surroundings, the location on the water, and the beautiful outdoor spaces, Ascension Paysagère is poised to further add to the liveability of Rennes, and can serve as a demonstration of how the city can meet its current housing demand.

▼晚霞中的建筑，buildings in the sunset

▼夜景，night view

▼总平面图，master plan

▼底层平面图，ground floor plan

▼三层平面图，level 3 plan

▼立面图，elevation

▼剖面图1，section 1

▼剖面图2，section 2

Facts

Project Name: Ascension Paysagère

Location: Rennes, France

Year: 2022

Client: Groupe Giboire

Size and Programme: 10,550 m2 residential (138 homes – 37 social housing, 42 affordable housing, 59

market rate) + commercial spaces

Sustainability certification: Passivhaus (34 apartments)

Credits

Architect: MVRDV

Founding Partner in charge: Nathalie de Vries

Partner: Bertrand Schippan

Director MVRDV France: Nicolas Land

Design Team: Catherine Drieux, Antoine Muller, Mickael Pors, Quentin Rihoux, Roxana Aron, Boris

Tivarski, Maxime Cunin, Jean-Rémi Houel, Anne-Sereine Tremblay, Marie-Aline Rival, Evguenia Zioga,

Javier Cuenca Solana, Nicolas Land, Charlotte Kientz, Sylvain Totaro, Gabrielle Evain, Manon Vajou,

Khanh-Duong Pham, Mélanie Rolland

Copyright: MVRDV Winy Maas, Jacob van Rijs, Nathalie de Vries

Partners:

Co-architects: ALL

Environmental advisor: Franck Boutté

Structural Engineer: SERTCO

MEP: ICOFLUIDES

Contractor: Sogea

Project coordination: OBI INGENIERIE

Cost Calculation: CDLP