菲茨罗伊渡口肾脏招待所

© Peter Bennetts(Peter Bennetts)

架构师提供的文本描述。背景

Text description provided by the architects. Background

土著澳大利亚人占澳大利亚人口的 3%，在殖民创伤中幸存下来，并自豪地在城市、区域和偏远地区保持他们的语言和文化的活力。

Indigenous Australians make up 3% of Australia’s population and have survived the trauma of Colonisation and are proudly keeping their languages and Culture alive in urban, regional and remote areas.

© Peter Bennetts(Peter Bennetts)

由于 200 年的欧洲治理，这些社区面临着重大的社会经济挑战，包括多代人失业、酗酒、文化差、营养不良和健康不良，包括肥胖、糖尿病和心脏病。在某些方面，这些挑战可以被认为是第四世界的贫困-- 一个压力很大的国家在第一世界占主导地位的国家中挣扎着生存。

These communities face major socio-economic challenges as a result of 200 years of European governance, including multi-generational unemployment, alcoholism, poor literacy, poor nutrition and poor health outcomes including obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. In some ways these kind of challenges could be thought of as 4th World Poverty- that of a stressed Nation struggling to exist within a dominant first world Nation.

© Peter Bennetts(Peter Bennetts)

偏远的菲茨罗伊·克罗辛 (人口 1，144) 是殖民地发展的最后边界之一。该镇距首府珀斯公路 2675 公里，距离最近的区域城镇布鲁姆 400 公里。

The remote town of Fitzroy Crossing (population 1,144) was one of the last frontiers of Colonial development. The town is 2,675km by road from the State capital Perth, and 400km to the nearest regional town of Broome.

该镇经历了极端的气候事件：在“旱季”期间，强烈的沙漠风会带来沙尘暴和丛林大火；在“雨季”，亚热带季风带来高湿度和高温，热带气旋和风暴导致菲茨罗伊河膨胀，使该镇在长达 2 周的时间内变成一个岛屿。与澳大利亚北部大部分地区一样，该镇也受到昆虫的侵袭，其中包括携带罗斯河病毒的蚊子和默里河脑炎 (Murray River Encephalitis)。

The town experiences extreme climatic events; during the “dry season” strong desert winds bring dust storms and bush fires; in the “wet season” the sub-tropical monsoon brings high humidity and heat, with tropical cyclones and storms causing the Fitzroy River to swell- turning the town into an island for periods of up to 2 weeks. Like much of the north of Australia the town is also exposed to plagues of insects, including mosquitoes that carry Ross River Virus and Murray River Encephalitis. © Peter Bennetts (Peter Bennetts)

菲茨罗伊十字路口位于布卢巴乡村，位于古老的菲茨罗伊河上的一座福特河上，是四个土著语言群体的聚集地-- 传统的主人-- 河流和山地人-- 布努巴人、飞机人-- 尼吉纳人、东河人-- 戈迪扬迪人和大沙地的瓦马扎里人。

Located on Bunuba Country on a ford over the ancient Fitzroy River, Fitzroy Crossing is the meeting place of 4 Aboriginal Language Groups- the Traditional Owners- the river and hill people- the Bunuba, the planes people- the Nyigina, the eastern river people- the Goodiyandi, and the Walmajari people of the Great Sandy Desert.

这些团体住在组成这个城镇的小村庄里，而 Renal Hostel 就坐落在 Junjuwa 社区内。

These groups live in small cluster villages that make up the town- and it is within the Community of Junjuwa that the Renal Hostel is located. © Peter Bennetts (Peter Bennetts)

项目描述

Project Description

这一设施的目的是为患有“终末期肾病”的土著人民提供一个居住的地方-- 使他们能够在进行血液透析 2.5 至 4.5 小时的同时，与家人和社区保持距离，每周 3 次。预计大多数人的寿命仅为 3 年，这使该设施成为一种姑息性护理设施，但没有正规的医疗空间。

The purpose of this facility is to provide a place to live for Aboriginal people with “end stage Renal Disease”- allowing them to stay close to their family and community while receiving Hemodialysis for 2.5-4.5 hours, 3 times a week. It is expected that most people will only live for about 3 years making this facility a type of palliative care facility- but without the formal medical spaces. © Peter Bennetts (Peter Bennetts)

在附近的医院建立了这个住宿设施和相关的“肾椅”之前，人们可以选择搬到 2500 公里的珀斯，从而与家人和社区分离，或者干脆留在自己的社区，然后死去。不幸的是，与亲人分离的创伤导致许多人选择留宿和死亡。

Prior to the establishment of this accommodation facility and the associated “Renal Chairs” in the nearby Hospital, people had the choice of moving to 2,500 km Perth – and thus being separated from their family and community or simply staying at their community and dying. Sadly, the trauma of being separated from their kin led many to choose the stay and die option.

© Peter Bennetts(Peter Bennetts)

该设施由 13 间供居民居住的房间组成，分布在 6 个小“房屋”内，可容纳 19 人。每个房间有一个 1 或 2 个卧室空间，配有一个轮椅辅助套房。茶水准备长凳和防虫阳台。居民的膳食和清洁是由公共设施建筑的设施工作人员完成的。这些房屋有一个前廊，可供公众参与，后廊提供了一个更私人的区域，晚上不受昆虫和入侵者的侵害。

The facility consists of 13 rooms for residents, distributed over 6 small “houses” accommodating 19 people. Each room is a 1 or 2 bedroom space, with a wheelchair accessible ensuite, tea preparation bench and insect screened verandah. The residents’ meals and cleaning of linen are performed by the facility staff in the communal amenity building. The houses are provided with a front porch that allows for public engagement, and the rear verandah provides a more private area, that is secured from insects and intruders at night.

这些居民将来自边远社区，能够以其他方式照顾自己-- 即。他们不符合老年护理住院医师的资格。

The residents will be from outlying communities and will be able to look after themselves in all other ways- ie. they would not qualify as Aged Care Residents.

该网站已被计划反映四大语言组在城镇；与地点规划，路径和景观物种选择参考“灌木塔克”，医药和标志性的植物从他们的家园。

The site has been planned to reflect the 4 major language groups in town; with the site planning, paths and landscape species selection referencing “bush tucker”, medicine and iconic plants from their homelands. © Peter Bennetts (Peter Bennetts)

房屋的分布使住所之间的空间最大化，并响应了“文化监视”的理念-- 土著人民需要观察人和动物在景观中的流动情况。

The distribution of the houses maximises the space between the dwellings and responds to the idea of “Cultural Surveillance”- the need for Aboriginal people to observe the movement of people and animals through the landscape.

Floor Plans

平面图

其他文化上可持续的设计特征包括：多种旅行路径，以支持“避免”关系、将走廊视为景观、特定语言景观物种的选择、支持户外烹饪和火灾使用以及处理太平间做法。

Other Culturally sustainable design features include: multiple paths of travel to support “avoidance” relationships, view corridors into the landscape, language specific landscape species selection, support for outdoor cooking and fire use, and addressing mortuary practices.

© Peter Bennetts(Peter Bennetts)

房屋之间的空间允许来自不同语言群体的人在树下找到自己的外部空间-- 响应为来自不同语言群体的人提供单独空间的请求。

The spaces between the houses allow people from differing language groups to find their own external spaces under trees – responding to the request to provide separate spaces for people from different language groups.

闭合性建筑部分屏蔽了主要街道上的房屋，提供出入控制、厨房、工作人员和社区洗衣设施、公共餐饮和活动区、办公室和会议室，以及 2 个工作人员住宿单元。

The amenity building partially screens the houses from the main street providing access control, kitchen, staff and community laundry facilities, communal dining and activity spaces, offices and meeting rooms, and 2 staff accommodation units. © Peter Bennetts (Peter Bennetts)

宜人的建筑被分成两个展馆，隔开了一个微风空间，作为一个“欢迎空间”和二级活动区。

The amenity building is broken into 2 pavilions, separated by a breezeway space that functions as a “welcome space” and secondary activity area.

这一地区的土著人民对户外生活表达了强烈的愿望-- 因此，核心的内部空间支持以阳台为基础的户外活动区，而这些区域又支持可以为聚会或烹饪灌木丛肉点燃火的外部区域。

Aboriginal people in this region have expressed a strong desire for outdoor living- thus the core internal spaces support the outdoor, verandah based activity areas, which in turn support the external zones where the lighting of fires for gatherings or cooking bush meats can occur.

© Peter Bennetts(Peter Bennetts)

这些居民中有很多是社区中的长者，而我们的客户群体需要一个有尊严的地方，让人们可以来与家人互动。由于肾病的性质，他们的能量水平很低，而且需要定期透析，居民返回社区和家乡的能力有限，因此，该中心需要接待游客。

Many of these residents are Elders in the community and our client group required a place of dignity that people could come and interact with their family members. Due to the nature of the Renal disease they have very low energy levels and their need to dialyse regularly, the residents capacity for trips back to their community and homelands is limited- hence the need for the centre to welcome visitors.

Materiality

由于地理位置偏远，施工和维修技术手段有限，该地区的建筑类型为地面混凝土板、钢框架、彩色粘结钢和彩绘纤维水泥覆层，技术尽可能简单。

Due to the remote location and limited access to skilled trades for construction and maintenance, the regional construction type is concrete slab on ground, with steel frames, Colorbond Steel and painted fibre cement cladding. Technologies are kept as simple as possible.

© Peter Bennetts(Peter Bennetts)

这些简陋的材料被塑造成对别墅或民用建筑形式的回应，它们的简单形式由一个高耸的屋顶连接起来-- 增加体积，以减少辐射热负荷，并在有利季节捕捉到冷风。当天气变得恶劣时，人们可以搬到由 DX 空调系统冷却的空间里。

These humble materials are shaped to respond to the forms of a cottage or a civic building, with their simple forms being articulated by a soaring roof- with increased volume to reduce radiant heat loads and to capture cooling winds during favourable seasons. When the weather becomes harsh, people can move inside to spaces cooled by DX Air Conditioner systems.

一个重要的设计特色是为居民和工作人员提供蚊虫保护，所有睡眠空间和外部居住空间都配有一个编织不锈钢防蚊网，作为防盗屏障，以尽量减少蚊虫传播疾病的风险。

A critical design feature is to provide mosquito protection for the residents and staff. All sleeping spaces and the external living sleeping spaces are protected with a woven stainless steel insect screen that doubles as a security screen to minimise risks of mosquito borne illnesses. © Peter Bennetts (Peter Bennetts)

热水取暖是通过太阳能和热泵热水系统，通过低流量固定装置将耗水量降至最低。由于设施位于当地钻孔，供水通过紫外线水处理厂进行现场处理，以去除病原体。

Water heating is via solar and heat pump hot water systems, water consumption is minimised via low flow fixtures. As the facility is on a local bore, the water supply is treated on site via an ultraviolet water treatment plant to remove pathogens.

iredale pedersen hook architects

Location Fitzroy Crossing Western Australia, Australia

Architectural Team Finn Pedersen, Adrian Iredale, Martyn Hook, Jordan Blagaich, Rebecca Angus, Nikki Ross, Jason Lenard, Rebecca Hawkett, Leo Showell, Craig Nener.

Area 1543.0 m2Project Year 2017

Photographs Peter Bennetts

Category Rehabilitation Center