意大利阿拉玛住宅丨Plasma Studio

Italy Allah housing

设计方：Plasma Studio

位置：意大利 波尔查诺

分类：居住建筑

内容：实景照片

设计时间：2009-2010

项目面积：600m2

图片：8张

本项目主要在于解答两个问题：Alma宅,一座自1960年的拥有六间客房的提洛尔传统斜屋顶客栈。而这种斜屋顶同时可以作为交通和服务核。第二个问题是，项目建筑师，Ulla Hell，在为她年轻家庭的五个成员寻找一处在Sesto的山间住宅。结果：设计师的创新思维使得斜屋顶成为了连接接待处和建筑师办公室的主要通道。

通过Königswarte住宅和07年的Strata酒店在设计圈留下印记的普玛建筑使用了一个类似的表皮组织。从邻近的Strata的取材落叶松木头制成了木件，并且向两个方向延展。第一条穿过了整个场地，演绎了地形的变化最终在第三层的阳台上回合。边界上的裙带处理，使得转角处变得更加开放而且引人注意。

第二条线路从另外一方向延伸，通过烟囱最终到达了地面。交叉连接外墙面与木带为地面上的户外互动提供了遮阳避雨的空间。设计团队使用参数化处理方案优化了木条的密度和他们的刚性富结构。平衡了预算，美感，隐私还有事先。这样的方式允许更加弹性的前期设计流程和后期建设时预制组件的安装在一个更有效率的节奏中。

家庭住宅的室内空间能够提供360度的全局视角。或许更令人向往的是可以通过位于空间中央的楼梯仰望星空。这样的空间提供了更加直接对室外环境的阅读并且更有效率的收集雨水和使用直接的自然阳光。主要的居住空间被分为两层：第一层带有天窗的卧室，第二层：一个开放的厨房，餐厅和带有笔录的客厅。通过对功能元素组合至核心处，使得周围空间更加开放自由。外墙将会适度内弯提供更好的光线，实现和不同程度上的闭合空间。

所有私人住宅都和外部空间通过一系列的园林设计产生了直接联系。主要的元素包括：一个联通邻居的侧道的主入口，一系列反应地形变化的开放空间和一个用来连接第三层和花园的外部楼梯。每一个住户都将找到他们最爱的路线。通过对颜色和材料的限制使用赋予了更有分量的空间。但是儿童的洗漱间却是丰富多彩的。此外，白墙也为阴影的四季变化提供了一个完美的展示空间。因为建筑外的延展体位于陡峭的地形上，地基考虑使用强化混凝土，上层结构使用了由木纤维和黑沥青制成的预制的CLT材料。外部使用了落松木表皮的设计，也参考之前考虑到了造价和美感的参数化模型使用了部分钢结构的。一个严格控制的色彩选择应用到了外墙面上，使得从远处住宅可以与现场融为一体。

从它的形式，材料和风格上，Paramount在三个层面做到了提升。第一个，是他的主人，作为Alma住宅的附属，Paramount提供了一个全新的核心，将碎片化的几何通过到笛卡尔模型延展到了普玛意大利办公室。第二个，是通过Strata和Alama两个项目重新定义了下一代家庭拥有制的客栈。最后，Paramount结合它的周边地形，不在作为一个简单的附属空间，而成为了一个与周边建筑和地形的沟通者，像地衣一样延伸了地形美感。

This project was conceived to fulfill a two-part problematic: (1) Residence Alma--a Tyrolean guest house with 6 holiday apartments from the 1960s adorned with a pitched roof--was due for a common circulation and service core, and (2) the project architect, Ulla Hell, was looking for a new home for her young family of five in the mountain community of Sesto, Alto Adige. The result: an under-utilized roof space gave way to an angular crown, connected to a ground floor reception space and architectural office by the host’s renovated spine.

Having already made their mark on nearby Residence Königswarte with the addition of the Strata Hotel in 2007, Plasma Studio sought to follow a similar skin organization. A timber strip section in larch wood was borrowed from the neighbouring Strata and extruded along two paths. The first stretches across the site, picking up the topography on either end of the building and climbing to enclose a third storey balcony. Here, the edge skirts around the existing footprint, leaving corners exposed to acknowledge its presence.

A second path draws the timber skin up from behind, folding around the chimney to return to the ground. Interstitial spaces between the exterior walls and wooden bands swell at ground level to offer sheltered outdoor living spaces. The design team employed parametric modelling software to optimize the density of these timber strips and their metal substrustructure, balancing budget, aesthetics, privacy and views. This approach allowed for flexibility throughout the design phase and output shop drawings for pre-fabricated elements at an efficient pace.

The Alma addition departs, however, from the Strata in its approach to volume. The practical constraints of a multiroom hotel structure called for a regular distribution of modules along a connecting spine. The perceived volume was achieved through horizontal sections around free-flowing terrace spaces. With the Alma, we took advantage of a more flexible program to create unique spatial conditions. These interior volumes are rendered legible from the exterior by the timber strips an honest depiction of the playful activity within.

The interior of this family home is characterized by 360-degree views. Perhaps the most spectacular of these being a view of the sky through an incision over the central stair. This opening delivers an immediate reading of exterior weather conditions, collecting precipitation and receiving direct sunlight.

The main living spaces are split over two floors with first floor bedrooms off a skylit corridor, and an open plan kitchen, dining and family room encircling a fireplace on the second floor. By grouping functional elements in orthogonal cores, the surrounding space is liberated. The exterior walls of the main living spaces collapse inwards to catch light, views and varying degrees of enclosure.

All living spaces in the private residence have direct access to the outside through a series terraces or gardens. Its multiple access points include: a main entrance through an internal connection to the neighbouring house, a series of openings that follow the natural topography, and an external stair connecting the third floor terrace to the garden. Each inhabitant has come to find their own favourite route.

Limited material and colour palettes give strength to the space, with splashes of colour in the children’s washroom. The otherwise white walls provide a backdrop for an ever-changing display of shadows from the pleated roof above. As the extension sits within the steep topography, substructural elements were developed in reinforced concrete, while the superstructure was built from prefabricated cross laminated timber (CLT) insulated with wood fiber and sealed with black bitumen. The outer skin in larch wood strips on a galvanized steel structure was determined according to cost and aesthetics by the aforementioned parametric model. A consistently limited colour code was applied to the exterior, allowing the volume to dissolve into the surrounding hillside when viewed from afar.

Through its use of form, materials and views, this newly completed addition flirts with its context at three scales. The first, and most immediate, with its host: as an addition to the Alma residence, it shares a newly renovated core, carrying the fractal geometry from the roof down to Plasma’s Italian office through the Alma’s cartesian skeleton. The second, with its neighbour: together the Strata and the Alma define the next generation of the family-owned hotel complex. And finally, with its terrain: the sculptural addition acts, not as a parasite, but as a mediator between the existing house and surrounding topography, extending from the landscape like a lichen.

意大利阿拉玛住宅外部实景图

意大利阿拉玛住宅外部夜景实景图

意大利阿拉玛住宅内部过道实景图

意大利阿拉玛住宅内部局部实景图