巴塞罗那老建筑翻新丨西班牙巴塞罗那丨HARQUITECTES

Architects:HARQUITECTES

Area :1750 m²

Year :2017

Photographs :Adrià Goula

Structure :DSM arquitectes

Acoustics :i2A

Environmental Consulting :Societat Orgànica

Author Architects : David Lorente, Josep Ricart, Xavier Ros, Roger Tudó

Collaborators : Montse Fornés, Jordi Mitjans, Berta Romeo, Carla Piñol, Blai Cabrero Bosch, Toni Jiménez, Jorge Suárez-Kilzi

Installations : VIDAL enginyeria i consultoria

Measurements : Aumedes DAP

Facade Restoration : Chroma rehabilitacions integrals

Audiovisual Installation : ESITEC enginyeria

Awards : Premi Ciutat Barcelona 2017

Façade Restoration : Chroma rehabilitacions integrals

City : Barcelona

Country : Spain

Three starting points: understanding the historic value of Lleialtat Santsenca (1928),an old working-class cooperative in the Sants neighborhood; knowing to the detail the building’s (physical) state to maintain as much as possible; and being sensitive to the whole collaborative process launched in 2009 by neighborhood organizations to recover the building. To this end, four basic objectives were set out: first, taking advantage of everything that could be used from the original; second, defining an intervention strategy marking out the essential actions, conservative or not, allowing to recover and increase the potential uses of all those spaces; third, to establish an intensive dialogue – and tense, if due – with context; and fourth, to develop a sustainable proposal, regarding the work on the existing as well as the new interventions.

The building consists of three structural bodies: the main one, onto Olzinelles and Altafulla streets, houses the two main halls (old shop on the ground floor and atrium on the first floor); the central one, with access from Altafulla street; and the interior one, without access from the street, which is L-shaped. The precarious hygiene conditions in the rest of the constructions, besides their being poorly connected, encouraged to propose a large longitudinal void, joining the three volumes and all their spaces – new and old – through a gradual progression, from the more public to the more private spaces. The void results from completely demolishing the centerline near the party wall to Olzinelles street, becoming a sort of interior street, emphasized in the second structural volume by enlarging the existing light well. Finally, behind the last structural volume, a triple space contiguous to the void of the two previous volumes wraps up the sequence. The succession of voids configures an atrium limited by ‘new’ facades opposed to the existing party walls, which show traces of the building’s history. The atrium brings light and air to all the spaces, becoming the axis of the horizontal and vertical circulations, and offering the new potential for use for unforeseen programs.

The existing roofs could not be used, so only the trusses in the main hall were maintained. A new roof is built above the whole building, associated volumetrically to the three structural bodies: three gable roofs, with cellular polycarbonate to the south and insulated metal sheet to the north, above a metal structure, illuminate and ventilate the atrium, with windows in the highest corners to favour natural convection. Inspired in Lina Bo Bardi’s Teatro Oficina, the Atrium is an intermediate bio-conditioned space that organizes all the circulations through a series of footbridges and stairs that evoke the image of the scaffolding in a construction site. The building functions thermally through passive strategies based on inertia and insulation; three lightweight roofs permit natural lighting and favour ventilation.

By increasing the volume of the roofs it is possible to increase solar gain: in winter heat is collected thanks to a heat recovery system for the interior spaces; in the summer, the air in the top part of the atrium is reheated, forcing a convection which releases the hot air by opening the roof Ridge windows, actioned by automatic sensors. In winter the climate controlled spaces release warm air, tempering the Atrium; in the third body, due to the excess of radiation, a ventilated chamber with a sun filter optimizes solar caption in winter and summer.

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