潮·汐丨中国厦门丨中国市政工程中南设计研究总院有限公司,厦门都市环境设计工程有限公司

概况

Overview

“潮·汐”是位于厦门中心住宅区的一个再开发项目 (又名鹭岛)。我们的任务是使新公园符合白鹭和人类都想要的生活方式，同时考虑到可持续性、生态和动物保护。因此，我们改善了生态系统，纳潮量增加了 50%，这也使得筼筜湖水更加清澈。同时，我们采用了大地艺术的手法并结合该场地的历史特征，在后疫情时代，为当地人营造一个开放和吸引人的社交空间。目前，它已成为当地人彼此之间以及人们和自然重新联系的最受欢迎的地方之一。

Tideline, a redevelopment project situated in Xiamen’s central residential area, also known as Egret Island, aimed to create a park that caters to both humans and egrets’ lifestyles, while prioritizing sustainability, ecology, and animal protection. By increasing the tidal prism by 50%, we have improved the ecosystem, resulting in clearer water in Yundang Lake. Our design also incorporated land art techniques and the site’s historical characteristics, creating an open and inviting space for locals to socialize in a post-pandemic world. Tideline has since become a popular destination for reconnecting with nature and each other, with locals enjoying the park’s amenities and offerings.

▼项目夜景概览，overall night of the project

区位分析 Location analysis 项目位于筼筜湖东入口，靠近居民区，毗邻白鹭栖息地。筼筜湖旧名筼筜港，原与大海相通。历史上这里曾是一个天然的港湾，每当夜幕降临，停泊在港湾内的渔船灯光闪闪，形成“筼筜渔火”的景致，这已成为厦门人们对过去美妙的回忆。现在，作为筼筜湖水系的重要组成部分纳潮口，发挥着重要作用：不仅使筼筜湖海水循环畅通无阻，也使筼筜湖水系保持着自我净化，更使得海在城中，城在海上的美名名副其实，白鹭家园生生不息。每当纳潮水闸打开时，大量海鱼随着潮水涌入闸口，吸引了成群的白鹭，形成筼筜湖一道独特的风景。但是，之前的纳潮量不足，保持水体净化的能力有限。

The location is at the east entrance of Yundang Lake, near the residential area, and adjacent to egret’s habitat. The tidal inlet brings in many fish and egrets, creating a unique scene. However, the tidal prism is insufficient, which affects the water system’s cleanliness.

▼项目毗邻白鹭栖息地

the location is adjacent to egret’s habitat

场地原状 Original condition 公园缺乏社会活动空间，景观以树木为主，杂乱无章。观鸟区缺乏设计特色。由于栏杆和竹林受损，进出不便。

The park needed more space for social activities, and the landscaping was disorganized with mainly trees. The bird-watching area needed design features. The entrance and exit had poor accessibility due to damaged railings and bamboo bushes.

▼场地原状，original condition

我们的愿景是创建一个活动框架、一个可持续的生态系统、一个居民的公共空间，启发公众的生态意识，并展示城市转型的历史。

The visions were to create a framework for activities, a sustainable ecosystem, a public space for residents, ecological awareness, and showcase the city’s urban transformation history.

▼构思手绘，sketch of concept

设计 Desigh

为了解决这些问题，我们保留古老的榕树和生态系统，并建造了一个有窥视孔的观鸟廊。“潮·汐”的设计受到该地区历史和生态系统的影响，因为在 1980 年之前，它曾经是海洋的一部分。设计融入了潮汐元素，如痕迹、礁石和海浪，以反映自然的演变。“潮·汐”由三个部分组成：观鸟廊、潮汐广场和湖滨景观区。

To address the issues, the park preserved the ancient banyan trees and ecosystem and constructed a bird-observation corridor with peepholes. The design for the Tideline was influenced by the area’s history and ecosystem when it was once part of the sea before the 1980s. The design incorporated tidal elements like traces, reefs, and waves to reflect the natural evolution. The Tideline consists of three sections: Bird-Observation Corridor, Tide Square, and Lakeside Landscape Area.

▼设计保留了古老的榕树和生态系统，the park preserved the ancient banyan trees and ecosystem

观鸟廊的设计灵感来自于在山川等自然环境中漫步的体验，旨在提供一个空间，让白鹭可以在围绕着人类的同时以自然的形式生活。这种设计可以让人们从远处观察白鹭的动态，而不能触摸它们。观鸟廊用竹木这种新型环保材料建成，将人类和野生动物分隔在自己的空间里。靠湖的一侧设置高低大小不一的观鸟“窥视孔”，方便不同人群使用。导流堤上模拟木桩的形态做成站鸟桩，供白鹭休憩停留。这创造了一个人类和白鹭可以相遇和互动的空间。

The Bird-Observation Corridor design was inspired by the experience of walking in natural surroundings like mountains and rivers. It aims to provide a space where egrets can live in their natural form while enveloping humans. The design allows people to observe egrets’ dynamics from a distance while being unable to touch them. The corridor is constructed using timber-textured bamboo, an environmentally friendly material, and it separates human and wildlife in their own space. The bird-watching “peepholes” on one side of the promenade facing the lake come in different heights, shapes, and positions to accommodate different viewers. Tree-stump structures were created on the diversion dike, where the egrets can perch and rest. This creates a space where humans and egrets can meet and interact.

▼观鸟廊，the Bird-Observation Corridor

▼观鸟廊侧部的窥视孔，bird-observation corridorwith peepholes

▼观鸟廊近景，closer view of the bird-observation corridor

▼观鸟廊内部，interior of the bird-observation corridor

▼景观画框，frame view of the bird-observation corridor

▼导流堤上的站鸟桩，bird stakes on the diversion levees

潮汐广场是一个波浪形的多功能公共空间，此部分结合地形关系拟态潮汐留下的痕迹、礁石，反映场地的历史地理特质，并为公众提供一个疏密有致的波浪形多功能活动空间。这个区域还设计了一个室外石雕艺术博物馆，由五个雕塑系列组成，使用了 100 多块闽南火山岩。这些雕塑经过精心策划和展示，突出了它们独特的美感和工艺，展示了闽南海洋文化。

Tide Square is a wavy multi-functional public space that showcases the historical geographical characteristics of the site. The “tidal traces” and “reefs” were designed based on the local terrain, creating a well-arranged, multifunctional space for activities. This area also features an outdoor art museum of stone sculptures, formed by five collections of sculptures using over 100 pieces of Southern Fujian volcanic stones. The sculptures are carefully curated and displayed to highlight their unique beauty and craftsmanship, exhibiting the Southern Fujian ocean culture.

▼潮汐广场，the Tide Square

▼广场俯瞰，top view of the square

五个系列主题分别是：1、渔事活动；2、筼筜渔火；3、白鹭洲各种受保护的鸟类；4、白鹭生长组图；5、鱼类和各种海洋生物化石。与湖滨景观区相结合，这个室外博物馆形成了一个生态艺术空间，既赞美艺术又赞美自然，同时告诉游客保护自然栖息地的重要性以及我们对环境的影响。

▼分析图，analysis diagram

The five collections of sculptures are composed of: 1. Fishing activities; 2. Lights of fishing boats on the Yundang Lake; 3. Various protected birds on the Egret Island; 4. Pictures showing the growth of egrets; 5. Fossils of fishes and other marine organisms. In combination with the Lakeside Landscape Area, this museum forms an ecological art space that celebrates both art and nature, while educating visitors about the importance of preserving natural habitats and our impact on the environment.

▼室外石雕艺术博物馆，outdoor stone art museum

▼石雕艺术博物馆之渔村，stone art of Fishing Village

▼石雕艺术博物馆之筼筜渔火，stone art of the boats

景观亭采用“鳐鱼”在水中遨游的姿态为造型，提供休憩空间的同时，突出海洋的地域特色。西北入口，候鸟亭的灵感来自于敞开的鸟笼，东西南北四个方向分别开有门洞。亭顶两只对语的青铜雕塑“喜鹊”掀开竹片，描述了自由与自在的情境。底下是做成鸟巢形状的座椅和由闽南方砖铺就的地砖，寓意着鸟类的家园和人类的家园是互相融合，共生于自然中的。

The landscape pavilion takes on the shape of a ray swimming in the water, which offers a space for resting and highlights the regional characteristics of the ocean. Inspired by an opened bird cage, the bird pavilion at the northwest entrance features four doors in the four directions of east, west, north and south respectively. At the top, two “magpies” made of bronze open the bamboo chips of the cage and talk to each other, which is a scene of ease and freedom. At the bottom are seats in the shape of a bird’s nest and the floor paved with the square tiles of southern Fujian, implying that the home of birds and human beings are integrated and co-exist in nature.

▼远观候鸟亭，viewing the bird pavilion at distance

▼候鸟亭细部，details of the bird pavilion

▼景观亭，the landscape pavilion

▼景观亭细部，details of the pavilion

2022 年 5 月，“潮·汐”向公众开放。完工后，纳潮量增加了 50%，这使得筼筜湖的水更清澈，鱼更多，为白鹭提供了更好的栖息地。当地居民对“潮·汐”表示热烈欢迎，因为它改善了社会空间和生态系统。有组织和开放的公园空间允许更多的社会活动和对话发生。

In May 2022, Tideline was unveiled to the public, and upon its completion, it increased the tidal prism by 50%. This resulted in clearer water, more fish to Yundang Lake, and providing a better habitat for egrets to nest. Local residents and scholars warmly received Tideline, as it improved both the social space and ecosystem. The organized and open park space allows for more social activities and conversations to take place. It is important to note that no photos have been manipulated in any way to reflect the true condition of the project site after completion.

▼潮汐广场夜景，night views of the Tide Square

项目名称：潮·汐

项目类型：景观设计

设计方：中国市政工程中南设计研究总院有限公司；厦门都市环境设计工程有限公司

公司网站：

项目设计：从 2021 年 4 月至 2021 月 9 月

完成年份：2022 年 3 月

主创设计师：闵一鸣

设计团队：卢树林、陈震、陶光辉、刘海岩、戴丽娟、刘雨、黄波、陈秋林、陈丽敏、徐艳、林庆勇、罗金伟、陈枫

项目地址：厦门市思明区筼筜湖西北侧

建筑面积：11327㎡

摄影版权：罗联壁

客户：厦门市市政园林局、厦门市筼筜湖保护中心

实施单位:福建省水利水电工程局有限公司 厦门都市环境设计工程有限公司