Leça 游泳池丨葡萄牙丨阿尔瓦罗·西扎

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE SWIMMING POOL

景观建筑，游泳池

MATOSINHOS, PORTUGAL

MATOSINHOS，葡萄牙

Architects: Álvaro Siza Vieira

建筑师：阿尔瓦罗˙维埃拉

Year:1966

年份：1966

Since its completion in 1966 the Leça Swimming Pool complex, by Portuguese architect Alvaro Siza, has been an internationally recognized building. Still almost half a century later, it has gracefully retained its architectural integrity and remained a popular retreat. The Leça Swimming Pools has established itself as one of Siza’s greatest early works, and as an example of his careful reconciliation between nature and his design. 自 1966 年建成以来，这座由葡萄牙建筑师阿尔瓦罗·西扎(Alvaro Siza)设计的 Leça 游泳池一直是国际公认的建筑。将近半个世纪后，它优雅地保留了其建筑完整性，并依旧是一个受欢迎的度假胜地。Leça 游泳池已成为西扎早期最伟大的作品之一，也是他在自然与设计之间精心调和的一个案例。

The Leça Swimming Pools were one of Alvaro Siza’s first solo projects. After graduating from the University of Porto in 1955, he worked briefly with architect Fernando Tavora before setting up a studio as an independent architect. He is still practicing and has received various awards and accolades for his work, including the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1992.

The Leça de Palmeira beaches are on the northern coastline of Matosinhos, a small town to the north of Porto, as well as Siza’s birthplace. It is also the site of another early work of Siza’s, the Boa Nova Tea House.

Both the Leça Swimming Pools and the Boa Nova Tea House were constructed and completed around the same time in the mid 1960s. They both use concrete and have a similar respect for the natural rocky coastline near Siza’s home. Leça 游泳池和 Boa Nova 茶馆大约在 1960 年代中期建造和完工。它们均采用了混凝土，并且对西扎家附近的天然岩石海岸线有着相似的尊重。

The Leça Swimming Pool complex consists of changing rooms, a café and two swimming pools, one for adults and one for children. It is located between the Atlantic Ocean and the access road that follows the coastline, but positioned almost completely out of sight. By sinking the building behind the road, Siza promotes a disconnect between his pools and the infrastructure of the city. He is also considerate of the ocean views from the roadway.

Leça 游泳池综合设施包括更衣室、咖啡厅和两个游泳池，一个供成人使用，一个供儿童使用。它位于大西洋和沿着海岸线的通道之间，但几乎完全看不见。通过将道路后面的建筑物下沉，西扎使他的游泳池与城市基础设施之间脱节。他还考虑到了从道路上看到的海景。

Siza was careful to preserve a large portion of the existing rock formations when planning his modern interventions into the landscape. The pools he created reach out into the ocean and blend easily with the natural pool formations along the coast of the Atlantic.

在规划设计对景观的现代干预时，西扎小心翼翼地保留了大部分现有的岩层。他创造的水池向海洋延伸，很容易与大西洋沿岸的天然水池形成融合。

Visitors to the Leça Swimming Pools enter down a smooth concrete ramp parallel to the road. As they walk towards the corridors to shower stalls and changing rooms, the rough concrete walls begin to obscure the views of both the traffic behind and the ocean ahead. With no views, the ocean beyond becomes audible and the transition between roadway and ocean is captured in an sensory experience within the building. Leça 游泳池的游客沿着与道路平行的光滑混凝土坡道进入。当他们走向走廊到淋浴间和更衣室时，粗糙的混凝土墙开始遮挡后面的交通和前面的海洋。在没有景色的情况下，远处的海洋变得清晰可闻，道路和海洋之间的过渡在建筑物内的感官体验中被捕捉到。

The adult swimming pool is made with low concrete walls and natural rock formations are spread along its edges. From almost every angle, the water levels of both the pool and the adjacent ocean appear to be equal, visually connecting Siza’s pool with the vast Atlantic Ocean.

成人游泳池由低矮的混凝土墙制成，天然岩层沿其边缘展开。从几乎每个角度看，游泳池和邻近海洋的水位似乎都相等，从视觉上将西扎的游泳池与广阔的大西洋连接起来。

This intentional blurring of the ocean’s edge not only enhances the swimmer’s feelings of the expanse, but also blurs their understanding of this man made limit. In the Leça Swimming Pools, Siza demonstrates a connection with the natural while maintaining its individuality as a modern construction.

这种对海洋边缘的刻意模糊，增强了游泳者对泳池广阔无垠的感觉，也模糊了他们对这个人为限制的理解。在 Leça 游泳池，Siza 展示了与自然的联系，同时保持其作为现代建筑的个性。

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