上海音乐厅修缮工程丨中国上海丨同济大学建筑设计研究院

上海音乐厅始建于1930年，这幢由中国第一代建筑师范文照、赵琛设计的建筑作品，是全国第一座音乐厅，是上海第一座由中国建筑设计师设计的西方古典风格建筑。在中国近代建筑史上具有重要的地位,是上海市中心城区著名地标性建筑。2002年9月1日音乐厅歇业，经过近200多天，2003年6月17日，音乐厅向东南方向移动了66.46米，并抬高3.38米，抵达新址。由于上海音乐厅长期的满负荷运转，使得建筑各种配套设施都有不同程度的损伤，已严重影响了场馆的正常排演；自然老化等原因导致建筑外立面污损，更影响了上海音乐厅的对外形象乃至上海中心城区的城市面貌,与2019年进行全面修缮，并与2020年9月重新对公众开放。

Founded in 1930, Shanghai Concert Hall is the first concert hall in China. It was designed by Fan Wenzhao and Zhao Chen. It is the first Western classical style building in Shanghai. It plays an important role in the history of modern Chinese architecture. It is a famous landmark in the downtown area of Shanghai. On September 1, 2002, the concert hall was closed. After nearly 200 days of renovation, on June 17, 2003, the concert hall was moved 66.46 meters southeast, raised 3.38 meters and placed on the new site. Due to the long term full load operation of the Shanghai concert hall, various supporting facilities of the building have been damaged to varying degrees, which has seriously affected the normal rehearsal of the venues. The natural aging causes the exterior facade of the building to be stained, and even affects the external image of the Shanghai concert hall and the urban appearance of Shanghai’s central city. It was fully renovated in 2019 and reopened to the public in September 2020.

▼音乐厅外观概览，external view of the concert hall ©马元

文保区域“修旧如旧”，坚持最小干预，不改变文物原状，保持其原式样、原结构、原材料和原工艺，以“保护为主、抢救第一、合理利用、加强管理”的文物保护原则为指导思想，以修复文物保护建筑的原貌、提升老剧场安全的合规性为主要修缮方向。建筑北立面、局部东立面是历史原始风貌，室内的门厅（北厅）、东侧走廊、大观众厅、舞台等空间的墙面及吊顶的装饰造型均是历史原貌。

The cultural relics protection area “repair as old”, adhere to the minimum intervention, do not change the original state of cultural relics, maintain its original style, original structure, raw materials and raw technology, take the cultural relics protection principle of “protection first, rescue first, reasonable use, strengthen management” as the guiding ideology, and take the restoration of the original appearance of cultural relics protection buildings, and enhance the safety compliance of the old theater as the main repair direction. The North facade and part of the East facade of the building are the original historical features. The decorative modeling of the wall and ceiling of the indoor foyer (North Hall), East corridor, grand hall, stage and other spaces are the original historical features.

▼不改变文物原状，保持其原式样，do not change the original state of cultural relics, maintain its original style ©马元

对有历史年代的外立面泰山砖和花岗岩，采用“特殊工艺”进行无损伤清洗和维修；外立面木窗在维持原有风貌的同时，结合剧场隔声要求将单层玻璃改成双层中空玻璃，提升隔声效果，并对木窗扇进行铜板加固，达到修旧如旧的效果。

The Taishan brick and granite of the historical facade are cleaned and repaired with “special technology” without damage; the wooden windows of the facade maintain the original style and features, at the same time, combined with the sound insulation requirements of the theater, the single-layer glass is changed into double-layer insulating glass to improve the sound insulation effect, and the wooden window sashes are reinforced with copper plates, so as to achieve the effect of repairing the old as before.

▼立面细部，detail of the facade ©马元

此次修复工作，再次请到了参与2004年音乐厅平移修缮项目的建筑彩绘工匠吕继军，重新手绘复原16根罗马式装饰柱。在此次修缮过程中，工程队于二楼东厅走廊发现一块1930年残缺的水磨石，考虑到与相邻保护空间的整体协调，施工团队通过4次比选，成功恢复了富有音乐厅历史特色的水磨石拼花地面。大厅的海上蓝雕花穹顶距今已有90年历史。此次穹顶修缮，在符合结构安全测试的前提下，采用传统手工工艺原样修复、加固大厅“海上蓝”雕花穹顶。

In this restoration work, we invited Lv Jijun, an architectural painting craftsman who participated in the translational renovation project of the concert hall in 2004, to redraw and restore 16 Romanesque decorative columns.During the renovation, the engineering team found a defective terrazzo in 1930 in the corridor of the East Hall on the second floor. Considering the overall coordination with the adjacent protected space, the construction team successfully restored the terrazzo mosaic floor with historical characteristics of the concert hall through four comparisons. The blue sea carved dome of the hall is 90 years old. Under the premise of meeting the structural safety test, the traditional manual technology was used to repair and strengthen the “sea blue” carved dome of the hall.

▼大厅复原16根罗马式装饰柱，restore 16 Romanesque decorative columns in the lobby ©马元

▼东廊二层，overall of the second floor of East Corridor ©上海音乐厅及同济设计院

本着传承经典“修旧如旧”的原则，修缮工程团队将大厅1243把“海上蓝”座椅拆卸运到日本专业座椅厂家进行原样修缮，通过调整布料改进吸声效果，使声学效果比起之前更好；座椅靠背板、坐板、金属椅脚等部分保留并做重新打磨、喷涂、做旧，让座椅保持原貌。大厅舞台全面改造适应现代剧场需求。

In line with the principle of inheriting the classic “repair as old”, the repair engineering team disassembled 1243 “sea blue” seats in the hall and transported them to professional seat manufacturers in Japan for original repair. By adjusting the cloth to improve the sound absorption effect, the acoustic effect was better than before; the back plate, seat plate, metal seat feet and other parts of the seats were retained and re polished, sprayed and worn to keep the original appearance of the seats . The hall stage has been completely transformed to meet the needs of modern theater.

▼传承经典“修旧如旧”的原则，principle of inheriting the classic “repair as old” ©马元

▼大厅舞台全面改造适应现代剧场需求，The hall stage has been completely transformed to meet the needs of modern theater ©马元

▼“海上蓝”座椅，”sea blue” seats in the hall ©上海音乐厅及同济设计院

结构专业根据业主提供的房测报告，对文物保护区域房屋老化、损坏处进行修复，提升结构安全性。因部分文物保护区因其修缮的特殊性，设备专业在原有消防安全性进行提升。

According to the house survey report provided by the owner, the structural specialty repairs the aging and damaged parts of the houses in the cultural relics protection area to improve the structural safety. Due to the particularity of some cultural relics protection areas, the equipment specialty has improved the original fire safety.

▼重新装修的观众厅，The redecorated auditorium ©马元

非文保区域“重新装饰装修”。重新梳理空间流线、优化消防，整合演奏厅、辅助用房、地下室的功能布局，以提升演出及配套的专业性、提升空间使用的有效合理性为主要修缮方向。功能提升的B2层演奏厅，适合举办小型室内乐和流行、跨界以及其他探索性音乐活动。

In the non cultural area, The Space Streamline has been reorganized, the fire environment has been optimized, and the concert hall has been reorganized, to enhance the professionalism of the performance and supporting facilities, and enhance the effective and reasonable use of the space as the main repair direction. The upgraded B2 floor concert hall is suitable for small chamber music, pop, crossover and other exploratory music activities.

▼增设的观众休息厅，Additional audience lounge ©马元

根据业主提供的房测报告,对非文保区根据消防要求产生的楼板和局部剪力墙开洞进行加固，提升了建筑在正常使用状态下的安全性和抗震性能。此次上海音乐厅修缮工程，根据目前最新最严消防规范，结合上海音乐厅的实际情况，对上海音乐厅的消防措施做了提升，包括增加了防火门监控、消防电源监控及火灾自动报警系统、防排烟系统、消火栓系统、喷淋系统，提升了消防安全的可靠性。B2层演奏厅声学的要求较高，通过与声学的密切配合，空调系统采用低风速管道送风系统，同时采用多级消声器、消声风管、消声弯头等管件满足声学要求。另外，音乐厅采用智能照明控制系统、楼宇智能控制系统，提升使用舒适性。

According to the house survey report provided by the owner, the openings of floor and local shear wall produced by non cultural protection area according to fire protection requirements are reinforced, which improves the safety and seismic performance of the building under normal use. The renovation project of Shanghai Concert Hall, according to the latest and most stringent fire protection standards, combined with the actual situation of Shanghai Concert Hall, has improved the fire protection measures of Shanghai Concert Hall, including the addition of fire door monitoring, fire power monitoring and automatic fire alarm system, smoke control system, fire hydrant system, sprinkler system, which has improved the reliability of fire safety. Through close cooperation with acoustics, the air conditioning system adopts low wind speed duct air supply system, and adopts multi-stage muffler, silencing duct, silencing elbow and other pipe fittings to meet the acoustic requirements. In addition, the concert hall adopts intelligent lighting control system and building intelligent control system to improve the comfort.

▼B2层演奏厅，B2 Concert Hall ©马元

演奏厅的声学设计包括音质设计、建筑隔声设计以及机电噪声控制设计等内容。实测中频混响时间为1.0-1.2s，变幅为0.2s，可充分满足多媒体音乐和室内乐两种演出的需求。演奏厅采用“房中房”结构，增设混凝土隔板，缓解大小厅之间的噪声干扰；结合双层隔声墙体、声闸，以及暖通系统噪声控制等措施，有效控制了厅内背景噪声。演奏厅内部采用非平行的波浪造型墙面，波浪墙面上装饰有数字化设计的四叶草花瓣立体图案，花瓣凹凸深度约为50mm。波浪墙面与不重复的立体花饰图案相结合，能够对250Hz以上频率的声波产生良好的散射作用，可有效抑制平行墙面所产生的颤动回声，促进了声场的扩散与均匀分布，避免镜面反射所产生的回声、梳状滤波等声缺陷。

The acoustic design of Concert Hall includes sound quality design, building sound insulation design and electromechanical noise control design. The measured intermediate frequency reverberation time is 1.0-1.2s, and the amplitude is 0.2S, which can fully meet the needs of multimedia music and chamber music. The concert hall adopts the “room in room” structure, adding concrete partition to alleviate the noise interference between the large and small halls; combined with the double-layer sound insulation wall, sound gate, and HVAC system noise control measures, the background noise in the hall is effectively controlled. The interior of the concert hall adopts non parallel wave shaped walls, which are decorated with three-dimensional patterns of digital designed clover petals, with a concave convex depth of about 50 mm. It can effectively suppress the vibrating echo generated by parallel walls, promote the diffusion and uniform distribution of sound field, and avoid the echo generated by mirror reflection, comb filter and other sound defects.

▼波浪墙面与不重复的立体花饰图案相结合，non parallel wave shaped walls decorated with three-dimensional patterns of digital designed clover petal ©马元

演奏厅的四边墙面采用四叶花瓣图形的GRG材料，凹进凸出的肌理，形成灵动的造型。照明设计基于“垂直面照明”的原则，在满足音乐厅水平面功能照明需求的基础上，重点照亮墙面。24*40°非对称配光的线形洗墙灯安装于吸声帘和墙面之间，距离弧线墙面凸出点150mm，凹进点250mm的位置。光从上方洒下，不仅强化了弧形墙面的形态，表达起伏连续的效果，也使花瓣造型的艺术墙面形成明暗对比的效果，从而强化整个墙面肌理。通过照明控制控制可以实现照明模式的变化，配合观众入场、观演、中场休息、离场等等场景，满足了不同的使用要求。

The four sides of the wall of the concert hall are made of GRG material with four leaf petals and concave and protruding texture, forming a flexible shape. Based on the principle of “vertical lighting”, the lighting design focuses on lighting the wall on the basis of meeting the functional lighting requirements of the concert hall’s horizontal plane. The 24 * 40 ° asymmetric linear wall washing lamp is installed between the sound-absorbing curtain and the wall, 150 mm away from the convex point and 250 mm away from the concave point of the arc wall. The light from the top not only strengthens the shape of the curved wall, expresses the continuous effect of ups and downs, but also makes the petal shaped artistic wall form the effect of light and shade contrast, so as to strengthen the whole wall texture. Through the lighting control, the lighting mode can be changed to meet the different requirements of the audience in the scene of entrance, performance, intermission, departure and so on.

▼灯光设计效果，Lighting design effect ©马元

▼墙面肌理细部，detail of the wall ©马元

演奏厅采用VR技术辅助设计,大大增加设计师和业主对成品效果的把控程度。基于埃舍尔拼贴（Escher Tessellation）伪随机拼贴算法生成的墙面，通过参数化方法调节各模块比例和随机分布倾向，进而得到人眼自然的平滑无缝拼贴效果。

The concert hall adopts VR technology to assist design, which greatly increases the control degree of designers and owners on the effect of finished products. Based on the pseudo random collage algorithm of Escher, the proportion and random distribution of each module are adjusted by parameterization method, and the smooth seamless collage effect of human eyes is obtained.

▼埃舍尔拼贴，Escher Tessellation ©杜明

采用实时渲染技术（Real-time Rendering）搭建的720°可观察的视觉环境，以秒级响应设计师或业主对于环境的改动诉求，在灯光、材质、视角位置等方面都提供了极为丰富可信的参考信息。

The 720 ° observable visual environment built by real-time rendering technology responds to the demands of designers or owners for environmental changes in seconds, and provides rich and reliable reference information in lighting, material, angle position and other aspects.

▼夜景，night view ©马元

▼平面图，plan ©同济大学建筑设计研究院

▼剖面图，section ©同济大学建筑设计研究院