城市滨水空间生态复兴丨中国南京丨许家龙设计

历史上的三汊河曾经见证过南京市外秦淮河入江口的历史演变以及南京城市的变迁，三汊河河口闸作为南京市外秦淮河入江重要的控制性建筑物，主要发挥汛期开闸行洪，非汛期关闸蓄水，保障城区水位的功能。该闸曾获多个奖项，同时也被评定为江苏最美水地标。多年来随着城市的发展以及旅游的带动，南京市已经形成了滨河—滨江联动的旅游体系，在“城市双修”理念的指导下，存量城市滨水空间面临着提升的迫切需求。

The Sancha River in history has witnessed the historical evolution of the Qinhuai River estuary outside Nanjing and the changes of the city. As an important control building for the Qinhuai River estuary outside Nanjing, the Sancha River estuary gate mainly plays the role of opening the gate for flood control during flood season, closing the gate for water storage during non flood season, and ensuring the water level in the urban area. The gate has won multiple awards and has also been rated as the most beautiful water landmark in Jiangsu. Over the years, with the development of the city and the driving force of tourism, Nanjing has formed a riverside riverside linked tourism system. Under the guidance of the "urban double repair" concept, the existing urban waterfront space is facing an urgent need for improvement.

现状闸区两岸存量绿地面临着如下问题：设施损坏严重，利用率低；广场空间单一、功能残缺；铺装老化；台阶尺度过大且踢面高差不一；坡道与台阶直接相连，慢行与无障碍形同虚设；存在多处安全隐患角落以及不近人情的废空间；宣传及文化展示简单粗暴；导视系统杂乱；绿化品质较低等。

The green spaces on both sides of the current gate area are facing the following problems: severe damage to facilities and low utilization rate; The square space is single and functionally incomplete; Paving aging; The scale of the steps is too large and the height difference of the kick surface is uneven; The ramp is directly connected to the steps, and slow walking and accessibility are essentially non-existent; There are multiple safety hazards in corners and inhumane waste spaces; The promotion and cultural display are simple and rough; The navigation system is chaotic; The quality of greenery is relatively low.

▼场地现状， Current situation of the site

同时场地还面临着受长江水位顶托影响，外秦淮河汛期水位高涨、持续时间长对场地内设施和植被产生的巨大影响；现状闸区两岸遍布堤防沉降及位移观测桩对工程布局的影响；环境的协调与统一，外秦淮河水利风景区风貌的延续以及长江风光带景观的融合；场地内部分乔灌木的保留；水利风景区文化以及场地记忆的挖掘及展示。

At the same time, the site is also facing the significant impact of the high water level of the Outer Qinhuai River during the flood season and its prolonged duration on the facilities and vegetation inside the site, which is influenced by the water level of the Yangtze River; The impact of embankment settlement and displacement observation piles scattered on both sides of the current gate area on the engineering layout; The coordination and unity of the environment, the continuation of the landscape of the Outer Qinhuai River Water Conservancy Scenic Area, and the integration of the landscape of the Yangtze River Scenic Belt; Preservation of trees and shrubs within the site; Excavation and display of cultural and site memory in water conservancy scenic areas.

本次以“打造环境适应型生态滨水空间”为项目愿景，在“城市双修”的设计理念指引下，从“生态修复”和“城市修补”两个层面，从防洪、海绵、活力、人文、植物等多个维度提出设计策略，进而打造一处集功能适应型、雨洪适应型、文化适地型的生态型滨水空间。

The project vision for this project is to create an environmentally friendly ecological waterfront space. Guided by the design concept of "urban double repair", design strategies are proposed from multiple dimensions such as flood prevention, sponge, vitality, culture, and plants, from the perspectives of "ecological restoration" and "urban repair", in order to create an ecological waterfront space that integrates functional adaptation, rain flood adaptation, and cultural adaptation.

▼总平面图， Site-plan

空间完善的城市绿带， A waterfront space with a well-developed site status and space

重点补充驻足、停留休憩空间，以现状低品质硬质空间改造为主，同时留出主要观景视廊。

Emphasis will be placed on supplementing stopping and resting spaces, with a focus on renovating existing low-quality hard spaces, while leaving a main viewing corridor.

▼适应地形的台阶空间， Terrain adapted step space

变换的台阶与台地结合，同时在台阶侧增加了停留休憩空间，提高了人群的使用度，不仅仅是简单的通行功能。

The combination of changing steps and terraces, along with the addition of a resting space on the side of the steps, has improved the usability of the crowd, not just for simple passage functions.

▼台阶侧结合雨洪水位搭配的耐淹植物， Flooding resistant plants combined with rainwater and flood levels on the side of the steps

▼休憩平台预留观江（长江）、观桥（红云桥）视廊， Reserve viewing corridors for viewing the Yangtze River and Hongyun Bridge on the recreational platform

自然舒适的休闲空间， A natural and comfortable outdoor leisure space

充分考虑步行的舒适度、铺装的耐久性以及场地的艺术性等方面。

Fully consider the comfort of walking, the durability of paving, and the artistry of the venue.

将现状混凝土砖铺地改为柔性、渗水性强的透水混凝土铺地，提高了步行的舒适度，道路两侧布置遮阴小乔木。

The current concrete brick paving has been changed to a flexible and permeable concrete paving, which improves the comfort of walking. Small trees are arranged on both sides of the road to provide shade.

▼改造后慢行道， Slow lane after renovation

自由连续的慢行空间， Humanized design

考虑将滨河步道系统与堤顶人行系统以及滨江慢行系统有效衔接，包括无障碍设施的连续性与安全性。

Consider effectively connecting the riverside walkway system with the pedestrian system on the embankment top and the riverside slow traffic system, including the continuity and safety of barrier free facilities.

▼连接堤顶坡道， Connecting the top slope of the embankment

▼慢行标识牌， Slow traffic signs

记忆延续的水文化展示空间， A Water Culture Exhibition Space with Continued Site Memory

重点发掘外秦淮河水系、长江与南京城的演变关系，以及三汊河闸最美水地标的建设历程，部分结合电子设施作为交互平台。

The focus is on exploring the evolutionary relationship between the Qinhuai River system, the Yangtze River, and Nanjing City, as well as the construction process of the most beautiful water landmark of the Sancha River Sluice, partially combining electronic facilities as an interactive platform.

▼三汊河河口闸水利地标建设展示， Exhibition of Water Conservancy Landmark Construction at Sancha River Estuary Sluice

▼长江与三汊河的水利分界界桩， Water conservancy boundary markers between the Yangtze River and the Sancha River

下关滨江的历史演变，包括标志性的南京大马路、下关码头以及火车站，见证过南京下关曾经肩负的历史使命。

The historical evolution of Xiaguan Riverside, including the iconic Nanjing Avenue, Xiaguan Wharf, and railway station, has witnessed the historical mission that Xiaguan once shouldered in Nanjing.

▼下关滨江的历史浮雕演绎 ，The Historical Relief Interpretation of Xiaguan Riverside

保留的滨水广场及垂柳，树池改造采用耐水浸泡的石材。

The preserved waterfront plaza and weeping willows, as well as the tree pond renovation, are made of water resistant and soaked stone.

雨洪适应的生态空间， Rainwater flood adaptive ecological space

为应对入江口汛期水位变化，建立分层、分段的种植体系，选择耐淹、耐湿的植物品种；同时通过植物组团丰富空间层次，一方面保留草坡空间，移除景观效果不佳的植物，如夹竹桃等；另一方面丰富洪水位以上植物组团，增强植物空间的疏密对比，在游览路线上形成开合有致的视觉变化；同时兼顾多年生、轻管养的植被选择。

To cope with changes in water level during the flood season at the estuary, a layered and segmented planting system is established, and plant varieties that are tolerant to flooding and humidity are selected; At the same time, enriching the spatial hierarchy through plant clusters, on the one hand, preserves the grassy slope space and removes plants with poor landscape effects, such as oleander; On the other hand, enriching plant clusters above flood levels, enhancing the contrast of plant space density, and creating a visually striking change in the opening and closing of tourist routes; Simultaneously considering the selection of perennial and lightly managed vegetation.

▼百年一遇洪水位以下岸坡的生态缓冲带， Classification treatment of bank slopes below the once-in-a-century flood level

▼慢行道座墙侧边预留排水孔解决堤顶侧坡面径流， Reserve drainage holes on the side of the slow lane seat wall to resolve the runoff on the top slope of the embankment

▼生态缓冲带中保留的乔木， Trees preserved in the ecological buffer zone

作为城市滨水空间与“城市双修”理念的一次有效碰撞和实践，在保障城市防洪安全的基础上如何以微创针灸的人工干预方式，使其恢复自身的调节和修复能力，同时强化河岸生态环境空间服务于人的宗旨，多措并举，对以后的存量滨水空间更新有一定的实际借鉴意义。

As an effective collision and practice between urban waterfront space and the concept of "urban double repair", on the basis of ensuring the safety of urban flood control, how to use minimally invasive acupuncture and moxibustion manual intervention to restore its own ability to adjust and repair, and at the same time, strengthen the purpose of riverside ecological environment space serving people, take multiple measures simultaneously, which has a certain practical reference significance for the future renewal of existing waterfront space.