Outdoor Care Retreat（户外疗养院）

近日，建筑事务所Snøhetta设计了一座幽静的木制疗养院。该疗养院位于一片宁静的森林环境中，距离挪威境内最大的两家医院仅有很短的步行路程，致力于为患者及其家属提供一个便利的理疗空间。这个木制疗养院隶属于Friluftssykehuset基金会发起的“Outdoor Care Retreat（户外疗养院）”项目，该项目致力于为使用者提供一个舒适的恢复空间，当患者结束了一个阶段的严格治疗、或是结束了长期的住院生涯后，便可以来到这里放松身心。

In the peaceful ambience of the forests only a short walking distance from two of Norway’s largest hospitals, Snøhetta has designed secluded wooden shelters aspiring to make hospitalization easier for patients and their families. Designed on behalf of the Friluftssykehuset Foundation, the Outdoor Care Retreats offer visitors a physical and psychological respite from stringent treatment regiments and the isolation that often follows long-term hospitalization.

▼户外疗养木屋外观，exterior view of the wooden cabin ©️IVAR KVAAL

这座为Outdoor Care Retreat项目所设计的木制疗养小屋坐落于一片郁郁葱葱的森林之中，靠近涓涓的Sognsvann小溪，距离挪威最大的医院——奥斯陆大学国家医学院的入口仅有100米。而另一座为该项目所设计的疗养院则坐落于挪威南部的克里斯蒂安桑市的Sørlandet医院旁，也静静地伫立在一片橡树和桦树之间，俯瞰着附近的池塘。Outdoor Care Retreat项目的概念由Friluftssykehuset基金会提出，随后，其与奥斯陆大学医学院心理学和CL儿童精神病学系合作进行开发，从而为使用者提供了一个宁静的空间，使他们可以在自然的环境下进行理疗。

Leaning towards the lush forest and the trickling Sognsvann creek, the Outdoor Care Retreat is located only a hundred meters from the entrance of Norway’s largest hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet. Its sister building is situated in the deciduous woodland by Sørlandet Hospital Kristiansand in the South of Norway, between oak trees and birch, overlooking a nearby pond. Originally developed in collaboration with the Department of Psychosomatics and CL-Child Psychiatry at Oslo University Hospital, the Outdoor Care Retreat provides a peaceful space where visitors can benefit from the therapeutic qualities of nature.

▼疗养木屋位于森林之中，靠近溪流，the wooden cabin is located in the forest environment, leaning toward the creek ©️IVAR KVAAL

“大自然在潜移默化中就可以给人们带去欢乐，帮助患者放松身心。置身于自然的环境中，患者们可以重建一个放松的心态，这对他们日后再次入院治疗有很大的好处。从这个意义上来说，这个木制的户外疗养院有助于鼓励患者继续治疗，从而达到更好的疾病治疗效果，”奥斯陆大学医学院的儿童心理学家Maren Østvold Lindheim这样说道，他也是Outdoor Care Retreat项目的发起人之一。

“Nature provides spontaneous joy and helps patients relax. Being in natural surroundings brings them a renewed calm that they can bring back with them into the hospital. In this sense, the Outdoor Care Retreat helps motivate patients to get through treatment and contribute to better disease management”, states Child Psychologist Maren Østvold Lindheim at the Oslo University Hospital, one of the initiators of the project.

这个空间可以用于治疗和静养，同时也为患者们提供了一个远离医院的环境，从而能够带着更加轻松的心态与他们的亲戚朋友相聚和交流。无论是什么疾病，所有与医院有联系的患者都可以通过预订系统来使用这座小屋。

The space can be used for treatment and contemplation, and for spending time with relatives and friends away from the hospital corridors. The cabins are open to every patient connected to the hospitals regardless of disease group, and reservations are managed through a booking system.

▼远离医院的户外疗养场所，an outdoor care retreat far away from the hospital ©️IVAR KVAAL

这个35平方米的狭小空间与其所隶属的医院的巨大建筑体量形成了鲜明的对比。建筑师参考了孩子们制作的木质树屋，并将这个有趣的建筑结构用在本项目的设计中，明亮的木屋看上去就像是倾斜的木块，通过不对称的造型向周边环境延伸。随着时间的推移，木屋主体结构所使用的木材将会逐渐褪成灰色，自然而然地融入其周围的森林环境。

The subdued 35 m^2 spaces stand in stark contrast to the monumental hospital buildings that they are affiliated with. Referencing the playful construction of wooden tree cabins typically made by children, the luminous cabins are formed like skewed blocks of wood that extend into the landscape through asymmetrical branches. The massive wood of the main structure of the cabin will turn gray over time, blending naturally into the surroundings.

▼木屋外观，不对称的造型仿佛倾斜的木块，向周边环境延伸，the exterior view of the cabin, the asymmetrical form is like skewed block of wood that extends into the landscape ©️IVAR KVAAL

Snøhetta遵循了其对社会可持续设计和公共空间的责任和承诺，木屋可供轮椅使用者使用，略微倾斜的由黑色锌板打造的入口尺度很大，甚至可供医院的病床进出。

Following Snøhetta’s commitment to socially sustainable design and public space, the cabins are accessible for wheelchair users and the angled entrance of black zinc is large enough to make room even for hospital beds.

▼木屋入口，黑色锌版打造的入口尺度很大，以满足不同的使用需求，the entrance of the cabin, the black zinc entrance is large enough to meet various demands ©️IVAR KVAAL

▼入口细部，the details of the entrance ©️IVAR KVAAL

木屋包括一个主房间、一个略小的交流/理疗室以及一间浴室，全部使用橡木作为内表皮，与室外的森林自然环境相呼应。在木屋内部，各色的方形枕可以根据用户的需要自由移动，从而确保孩子们不仅可以用枕头搭积木，更可以躺在主房间的地板上，透过天花板上的圆形天窗看到外面的树冠和天空。

The cabin consists of a main room, a smaller room for conversation and treatment, and a bathroom. The interior is fully clad in oak, echoing the natural materiality of the woodlands outside. Inside the space, colorful, sculpted pillows can be moved around freely, allowing children to build huts or lie down to gaze at the canopies through the circular window of the ceiling of the main room.

▼主房间，孩子们在主房间用方形枕搭积木，the main room of the cabin, where children can build huts by sculpted pillows ©️IVAR KVAAL

▼主房间的圆形天窗，透过它可以欣赏室外的景色，the circular window of the ceiling of the main room, through which visitors can gaze at the canopies ©️IVAR KVAAL

木屋的大玻璃窗可以完全打开，从而将自然引入室内。通过这种方式，使用者可以在室内欣赏到森林的景色，嗅到森林中潮湿的空气，甚至是聆听小溪哗啦啦的流水声。

The cabin’s large glass windows can be fully opened, inviting nature into the space. In this way, visitors can peek into the woods, smell the damp forest floor, and listen to the sound of trickling water while still being inside the cabin.

▼交流/理疗室，室内空间全部使用橡木作为内表皮，玻璃大窗可供使用者欣赏森林的景色，the room for conversation and treatment, the interior space is fully clad in oak, and the large glass window can provide visitors with the forest scenery ©️IVAR KVAAL

▼交流/理疗室，可自由移动的方形枕可供孩子们玩耍，the room for conversation and treatment, where children can play the moveable sculpted pillows ©️IVAR KVAAL

虽然木屋建在医学院的校区内，但其僻静的地理位置和独特的自然美学意义使其成为一个完全独立的空间。这里是一个与众不同的静谧场所，可以为所有年龄段的使用者提供一个他们急需的舒适的呼吸和放松空间。

Although the cabin is integrated in the hospital campus, its secluded location and natural aesthetics allows it to be perceived as a place of its own. It is a place of muted magic, a place out of the ordinary that provides a generous and much-needed breathing space for visitors of all ages.

▼室外木质表皮细节，details of  the exterior wooden skin ©️IVAR KVAAL

▼木屋平面图，site plan ©️Snøhetta

▼木屋立面图，elevation ©️Snøhetta